Research Data Center of IZA (IDSC)
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G²LM|LIC - Impacts of Local Labor Market Information on Search and Employment: Evidence from India
No full textThis study sought to understand the impacts of providing customized and timely labor market information on the search and employment decisions of job seekers. The sample of job seekers was recruited from an online job portal, QuirkJobs.com, via advertisements on the website and on email between February 2021 and January 2022.
The advertisement invited individuals searching for jobs in 9 cities and 5 occupations on the portal to participate in a study where they could access information that might be useful in their job search. To be eligible for the study, job seekers had to complete a baseline survey. Treatment assignment and delivery occurred after completion of the baseline survey. Trained enumerators at JPAL South Asia/IFMR surveyed eligible respondents over the phone roughly 6 months after the baseline survey. If respondents could not be reached on the phone, they were sent a survey link via email/text message with a short version of the follow-up. A response rate of 56% in the follow-up survey was achieved.
The following datasets related to the study are available.
Baseline survey: Completed by respondents directly on online survey platform.
Follow-up survey: Completed either by enumerators through phone calls with respondents (long version) or by respondents using a survey link (short version)
Administrative portal data: Collected in partnership with the portal for respondents in the study. This covers user activity one month prior to and up to six months after they are sampled into the study. </li
G²LM|LIC - How Labor Market Tightness and Job Search Activity Changed in the First Year of COVID-19 in India: Evidence from a Job Portal | Leveraging “Big Data” to Improve Labor Market Outcomes
No full textIn this project, rich administrative data on search and recruitment from a low-wage online job portal are used to study the labor market impacts of COVID-19 in India. The data from the job portal includes information on vacancies and job seekers across 2019 and 2020. It covers all users that either posted a vacancy or applied to a job on the portal across the two years.
The following datasets are available:
Aggregate data
State level data
Each dataset reports the following details:
Vacancies: Number of vacancies; number of full-time vacancies; average minimum salary for full-time vacancies; number of full-time vacancies above minimum salary offer of Rs. 15,000; average minimum experience for full-time vacancies
Job seekers: Number of job seekers; Number of job seekers by gender, age and education</ul
G²LM|LIC – Jobs of the World Database
No full textThe Jobs of the World Database (JWD) is a publicly available database constructed by harmonizing the available micro-datasets which contain information on jobs and labor market activities in low- and middle-income countries to create a multi-country macro-dataset.
The current version of the data harmonizes census data (IPUMS) and Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). This provides coverage of countries representing about 81 percent of the world’s population, and more than 90 percent of the population in low- and middle-income countries.
The database focuses on a wide range of labor market characteristics including, but not limited to: labor force participation, type of employment (e.g., waged or self-employment), sector of employment, skill level, etc. The data also contains information about internal and external migration patterns.
All these aspects can be shown as aggregate at the level of country year, but also split along different characteristics including gender, education level, age groups, urban vs rural regions, etc.
A major advantage of the database is the use of detailed data about household assets and dwelling characteristics to estimate a wealth density at the household level. This density was used to create wealth quintiles which can be used to investigate the labor market characteristic for different socio-economic groups (very poor, poor, average, rich, and very rich)
Life in Kyrgyzstan Study, 2010 - 2019
No full text
The Life in Kyrgyzstan (LiK) Study is a research-based multi-topic longitudinal survey of households and individuals in Kyrgyzstan, which Prof. Tilman Brück started in 2009. It tracks the same 3000 households and over 8000 individuals over time in all seven Kyrgyz regions (oblasts) and the two administratively distinct cities of Bishkek and Osh, resulting in a dataset that is representative nationally, rural/urban, and North/South. The initial sampling was based on the 2009 national population census. The survey was first conducted in the fall of 2010 and it has been repeated five times in 2011, 2012, 2013, 2016, and 2019.
The LiK Study covers a broad range of topics such as household demographics, health, education, assets, expenditure, migration, employment, agricultural markets, shocks, social networks, and subjective well-being. It contains separate questionnaires at the community, household, farm, and individual levels. The LiK data is posted for free public access on this website since 2016. The data are supported by the provision of questionnaires and field reports.
The LiK received funding from the Volkswagen Foundation for the first three waves (2010-2012) when it was hosted by the German Institute of Economic Research (DIW). Other project partners were the Humboldt University of Berlin, the Center for Social and Economic Research (CASE-Kyrgyzstan), and the American University of Central Asia (AUCA). In the period 2013-2015, Wave 4 was funded by DFID and IZA as a part of the Growth and Labour Market-Low Income Country (GLM-LIC) Programme. The consortium included the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) as the lead institution, UCA as the main Kyrgyz partner, and several research institutions from Asia, Europe, and North America. Since then, the study has been hosted by the Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ) for Waves 5 and 6 and has received funding from UN-FAO, IFPRI, DFID, IZA and, internally, from IGZ and UCA.
The first five waves of the LiK survey were collected by the company Sotseconik; the sixth wave was collected by the survey company SIAR. Both companies are long-established and reputable companies providing services in Kyrgyzstan and other Central Asian countries.
Research Focus:
The dataset covers a wide range of topics – from household demographics, assets, income sources, expenditure, and migration to individual well-being, employment, social networks, decision-making, and attitudes among many other topics.
Each of the questionnaires at the various levels consists of several modules, with core modules being asked in every wave. In 2016, an agricultural questionnaire was added to collect detailed information on farming (from farming households1). In 2019, a youth questionnaire was added to interview household members aged 14-17.
The household questionnaire includes:
1) Household composition and children
2) Housing and assets
3) Agricultural markets (moved to Agricultural questionnaire in Wave 5)
4) Consumption and expenditure
5) Income sources
6) Migration
7) Shocks
8) Climate change (only in Wave 6)
The individual-level questionnaires include (incl. youth questionnaire introduced in Wave 6):
1) Subjective well-being
2) Education, health, and personality
3) Labour market
4) Movements
5) Family and household
6) Worries
7) Aspirations (only in Wave 5)
8) Security and violence
9) Social life
The agricultural questionnaire includes (Waves 5 and 6):
1) Farm land and use
2) Livestock and poultry farming
3) Agricultural information
4) Products quality
5) Farm investments
The community-level questionnaire includes:
1) General community information
2) Prices for food products
Spatial Coverage:
The LiK survey collects data in all seven Kyrgyz oblasts (Batken, Chui, Djalal-Abad, Issyk-Kul, Naryn, Osh, and Talas) and the cities of Bishkek and Osh. It is representative at the national level as well as for urban and rural areas and the south and the north of the country.
Tracking:
The LiK is an individual panel, not a household panel. All adult members of the households, not just one respondent, are interviewed and tracked over time. In principle, all persons who took part in the first wave of the survey in 2010 are to be surveyed in the following waves. In each survey year, all individuals aged 18 and older, who were part of a LiK household in the previous years, and their respective households, are to be interviewed. If the sample individual moves, the individual is followed within Kyrgyzstan; if he or she moves out of the country, the individual is dropped from the sample. He or she may re-enter when coming back to the original household later. New individuals that move into an existing LiK household are surveyed and tracked, even in case of their eventual departure from the household in the following waves. Since all adult household members are to be re-interviewed individually in the LiK, all children of LiK households become part of the sample once they turn 18.
Quality control:
All questionnaires were first developed in English and later translated into Kyrgyz and Russian. Pre-testing and all the following changes are made in these two languages and the final version is back-translated into English for documentation. The draft questionnaires and the data entry program are pilot tested by collecting data from about 50 households from both rural and urban areas, but which are not a part of the LiK sample. The final questionnaires are a key part of the ethical approval submission, and any recommendations made by IRB were implemented before field works started. The two-day training of enumerators, preparation of fieldwork manuals, panel tracking, and data quality control procedures were a part of quality controls. Both survey companies that collected LiK data employed over 100 field interviewers, and were supervised by the team and regional managers. The data quality checks included review and approval of filled-out questionnaires by the team and regional supervisors and random repeated checks of about 10% of households. Data cleaning is generally focused on data labeling and management of data entry mistakes. Whenever possible, data inconsistencies, for example, out-of-scale answers and duplicate household or personal identifiers, are resolved in consultation with the survey company.
Selection Method:
The original sample that was drawn for the first wave of data collection consists of 3,000 households and slightly more than 8,000 individuals in these households. The households were drawn through stratified two-stage random sampling. The strata are formed by Bishkek, Osh city, and the rural and urban areas of the seven oblasts, amounting to 16 strata in total.
In the first stage, a set of so-called population points (i.e. communities in rural areas, quarters in urban areas) were drawn in each stratum according to probabilities proportionate to population size. In each population point, a set of 25 households was drawn in the second stage. The National Statistical Committee (NSC) of the Kyrgyz Republic provided a household survey sample of 3,000 households based on the 2009 Population Census data. NSC also prepared reserve samples, ranging from 20 percent of the sample in rural areas to 100 percent in violence-affected areas in the southern part of the country in June 2010.
The table below presents the evolution of the LiK sample across six waves. The attrition of households was about 4.5% from wave to wave, which resulted in the retention of about 77% of households in the last, sixth wave.
<img src="https://www.iza.org/wc/dataverse/izadp.7055.1.png" alt="Table 1"/
Ukrainian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey
No full textThe survey aimed at getting detailed information on employment, reasons for unemployment and job search strategies, education, changes in places of residence and health of active adult population of Ukraine. The survey was held in all the regions including the Crimean Autonomous Republic.
Besides individual information, the survey gathered information on welfare level of Ukrainian households, in particular on sources and amounts of cash and natural income, and the structure of expenditure and consumption of Ukrainian families.
The household questionnaire contains items on the demographic structure of the household, including data on household membership and structure. Information on households' consumption, including data on buying, making and consuming foodstuff in the household, as well as nonfood costs. The core of the survey is the individual questionnaire, which elicits detailed information concerning the labor market experience of Ukrainian workers.
The individual questionnaire included the following sections:
- Retrospective sections where information is gathered about employment changes during 2003-2004 and about changes of residence since during 2003-2004
- Reference-week part where information is gathered about the employment and non-employment during the week preceding the interview
- Individual characteristics of a household member section;
- Studies and skills section;
- Attitudes, health, and ecology section
In the 2004 questionnaire, besides the reference week sections, there is an extensive retrospective part, which ascertains each individual's labor market circumstances covering the intervals 2003 to 2004
WageIndicator Survey
No full textThe WageIndicator Survey is a continuous, multilingual, multi-country web-survey, counducted across 65 countries since 2000. The web-survey generates cross sectional and longitudinal data which might provide data especially about wages, benefits, working hours, working conditions and industrial relations.
The survey has detailed questions about earnings, benefits, working conditions, employment contracts and training, as well as questions about education, occupation, industry and household characteristics.
The WageIndicator Survey is a multilingual questionnaire and aims to collect information on wages and working conditions. As labour markets and wage setting processes vary across countries, country specific translations have been favoured over literal translations. The WageIndicator Survey includes regularly extra survey questions for project targeting specific countries, for specific groups or about specific events. These projects usually address a specific audience (employees of a company, employees in an industry, readers of a magazine, members of a trade union or an occupational association, and alike). The data of the project questions are included in the dataset.
Bias:
Non-Probability web based surveys are problematic because not every individual has the same probability of being selected into the survey. The probability of being selected depends on national or regional internet access rates and on numbers of visitors accessing the webiste. Data of such surveys form a convenience rather than a probability sample. Due to the non-probability based nature of the survey and its selectivity the obtained results cannot be generalized for the population of interest; i.e. the labor force.
Comparisons with representative studies found an underrepresentation of male labour force, part-timers, older age groups, and low educated persons. Besides other strategies to reduce the bias the WageIndicators provides different weighting schemes in order to correct for selection bias.
Data Characteristics:
The data is organised in annual releases. The data of the period 2000-2005 is released as one dataset. Each data release consists of a dataset with continuous variables and one with project variables. The continuous variables can be merged across years. All variable and value labels are in English. The data does not include the text variables and verbatims form open-ended survey questions, these are available in Excel-Format upon request.
Spatial Coverage:
The survey started in 2000 in the Netherlands. Since 2004, websites have been launched in many European countries, in North and South America and in countries in Asia. From 2008 on web sites have been launched in more African countries, as well as in Indonesia and in a number of post-Soviet countries. For each country, the questions have been translated. Multilingual countries employ multilingual questionnaires. Country-specific translations and locally accepted terminology have been favored over literal translations
G²LM|LIC - Taming Counterfeits Markets with Consumer Information
No full textThe project aimed to study whether an information campaign to improve Kenyan farmers’ ability to detect quality of agricultural inputs—such as seeds, fertilizer, and pesticides was able to help:
increase usage of techniques to verify seed quality,
increase adoption of quality-verified seeds,
increase the quality of seeds available in the local market, and
improve agricultural outcomes
A field experiment was carried out in which randomly selected markets received community-wide trainings to help local farmers identify government-certified seeds. The dataset makes reference to “treated” households, which are households that were sampled from market areas that were selected for treatment, and therefore reside within 1 kilometer from the market center. The researchers examined differential impacts on female-headed versus male-headed households, potential mechanisms through information-sharing networks, and implications of the results for closing the gender gap in productivity
Refugees in Germany
No full textThe “Refugees in Germany” survey is part of a research project commissioned by the German Federal Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs (BMAS) under the title of “Accompanying evaluation of labor market programs to integrate refugees”.
Aim and Conceptualisation
The aim of the research project was to analyze how effective and efficient the central labor market programs in the legal areas of SGB II and SGB III are with regard to the labor market integration and social participation of refugees who arrived in Germany since 2015.
A central component of this project was a survey of refugees (“Refugees in Germany”), which is conceptually related to the (IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees), that has been running since 2016. In contrast to the IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees, however, it is not a household survey, but an individual survey that is not representative of the refugee population in Germany. It is based on a gross sample of refugees who arrived in Germany in 2015 or later, and had started or could have started one of five different types of labor market integration programs between August 1, 2017 and September 11, 2018. The focus is on the following five programs: activation measures (employer-based or with training company), occupational choice and apprenticeship measures (pre-entry support and qualifications or accompanying training support), measures for further vocational training, employment subsidies, and job creation schemes. The gross sample of program participants and non-participants, on which the survey is based, was obtained from administrative data held by the German Federal Employment Agency (Bundesagentur für Arbeit).
The sample included in the survey basically consists of two main groups: a treatment group and a control group. The treatment group (participants) is divided into five sub-populations to represent participants in the five program types to be evaluated. The control group includes people who, at least in principle, have a sufficient probability of participating in the program, but who actually did not participate at the time the address was selected. The group of these non-participants is divided into two subpopulations and contains either people who are assigned to exactly one of the program types or who are eligible for two of the program types.
Contents
The main survey topics comprise the background of the interviewed refugees (way to Germany, education and work experience abroad); length of stay in Germany; labor market and educational experiences in Germany (employment, vocational training, internships, attending general schools and studying); help for integration (language courses, vocational orientation, competence assessment and activation, support related to vocational training, aids accompanying the internship); economic situation (finances, housing); and social participation (current language skills, social contacts, normal everyday life, health and well-being, labor market orientation and labor market knowledge, identification with Germany, personality traits and culture)
G²LM|LIC - Uganda Youth Opportunity Program - COVID-19 Survey
No full textThis study does examine the resilience of young micro-entrepreneurs in the informal sector and their families in rural Uganda against the COVID-19 shock. More specifically, the study investigates how firms have built up considerable amounts of physical and human capital over the past decade versus those that have not. The survey focuses on economic resilience and how it relates to skilled labor and assets. It also provides information on the impact of COVID-19 on frequently discussed outcomes (e.g. health status, food security, urban-rural migration).
The study measures the very long-run impact of the Youth Opportunity Program (YOP), a cash grant program designed to set up its recipients as craftspeople in 2008. The Government of Uganda delivered grants of $388 per person and vocational training opportunities to youth in northern Uganda to start small enterprises. YOP invited groups of young adults, aged roughly 16 to 35, to apply for cash grants to start a skilled trade, such as carpentry or tailoring. In 2008 applicants for the YOP were randomly assigned to treatment and control groups. The experimental design creates two balanced groups of young entrepreneurs that differ only in whether they received a cash grant from YOP and therefore provides a reliable source of causal identification. The research team found large impacts on skilled employment, income, consumption, and assets 2- and 4-years after the grants were distributed (Blattman et al. 2014). In a 9-year follow-up, they confirmed that the intervention had lasting effects on assets, skilled labor, and whether recipients effectively owned their business, while the positive income and consumption effects after four years proved to be of short-term nature only
G²LM|LIC - Assessing the Labor Market Impact of COVID-19 on Women With Young Children in Egypt
No full textTo better understand the economic impact of the COVID-19 crisis on female labor force participation in Egypt, the study collects data with a particular focus on the intersection of COVID-19, child care, and women’s employment.
The data collection was led by the research team at J-PAL MENA to provide data for researchers and policy makers on the socio-economic and labor market impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic on households and women with young children (aged 1-5) in low-income, informal areas (slums) in Greater Cairo.
The target sample is living in the catchment area of the nurseries included in the experiment and who are not yet a client of a nursery. The procedure to identify and recruit these women was the following:
The catchment area was defined by a 2km radius around each participating nursery.
In cases where there were multiple nurseries with overlapping catchment areas, the project team combined the catchment areas and summed the household sample targets.
Facebook population projections were used to identify the GPS locations (pixels) where children aged 0 to 4 in 2020 lived and the number of such children. These children were 1 to 5 in 2021 when collecting baseline data.
Sample points (pixels, which are locations with GPS coordinates) were collected in each catchment area in a random order, probability proportional to child population.
Also, the nearest residential building to each selected point was visited, checked whether they met the eligibility conditions and then registered if eligible.
Data collected from households at baseline (right before offering the interventions) include information about the mother (employment, actual earnings (of the mother and total household earnings), job quality, and time use), her husband (particularly his labor supply), and the household’s dynamics (gender role attitudes and time use). The survey questions also capture attitudes and household bargaining power. They are asked to both mothers and their partners.
The data collection happened over three separate periods of time due to delays related to COVID-19 restrictions. The pilot phase was implemented in December of 2020 (30 households), followed by another wave of data collection between March and May of 2021 (624 households) and then another wave between August and September of 2021 (2,761 households).
Within these households 3,415 interviews were conducted with the mothers (in person at their homes) and 1,105 were conducted with their spouses (conducted by phone a couple of days after the interview with the women).</br