Research Data Center of IZA (IDSC)
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G²LM|LIC - Characterizing Urban Labor Market Effects of COVID-19 and Speeding Recovery Through a Job Search Platform
No full textThe data collection from jobseekers and firms is done as part of the enrollment and operations for the job search platform called “Job Talash”. As part of the operations for the platform, vacancies are listed from enrolled firms on the platform and match candidates who meet the requirements of the vacancy. Candidates are then invited to apply for the vacancies that they have been matched to.
Firm Survey Dataset
The Firm survey dataset consists of all the attempts made to employers to enlist vacancies on the platform. The dataset also has the ads listing data which specifies the requirements of firms for vacancies that are listed on the platform, Job Talash. All registered firms on the platform receive a call every 3 months, asking them if they’d like to list a vacancy on the platform. If they decide to list a vacancy, the information about the requirements for the vacancy is collected so that relevant candidates can be matched to those jobs.
The Jobseeker Dataset
The Jobseeker dataset is based on the job matches generated for the jobseekers periodically based on their profile that includes, work experience, gender, education level and job interest. These job matches are communicated to the jobseeker via text message and phone call. A screening instrument is used by the field team while making phone calls for giving job updates to the jobseekers and recording their interest in the available positions. Along with the application interest, also information is collected about whether they have been employed to earn an income in the last 14 or 30 days (randomized recall period for each jobseeker)
Replication Data for: Global Climate Change Survey
No full textThe global climate, a shared resource, needs collaborative efforts worldwide. A behavioral science perspective can help to better understand the human factor, which is crucial in addressing climate change. To improve our knowledge about the global willingness to cooperate and act against climate change, a team of researchers comprising Armin Falk, Peter Andre, Teodora Boneva, and Felix Chopra designed and conducted a globally representative survey. The study aimed to assess the potential for successful global climate action by exploring individuals' willingness to contribute to the common good and their perceptions of others' willingness.
Drawing from multidisciplinary literature on cooperation, the study focused on four critical behavioral facets: the willingness to incur personal costs, the emergence of social norms, the demand for political action, and the belief that others will act as well (conditional cooperation). Close to 130,000 individual interviews were conducted in 125 countries, with nationally representative samples collectively representing 92% of the global population, 96% of greenhouse gas emissions, and 96% of the world’s GDP.
Main Findings
The study reveals three main findings. Firstly, global support for climate action is widespread and substantial, with about two-thirds of the global population expressing willingness to contribute 1% of their income. Social norms favoring climate action were nearly universal (86%), and a majority (89%) called for increased political action.
Secondly, individuals in more vulnerable countries demonstrated significantly higher willingness to contribute, while richer countries exhibited relatively lower willingness.
Thirdly, a perception gap exists globally, with people underestimating the widespread support for climate action in their countries by an average of 26 percentage points.
Conclusion
The findings have implications for successful global climate action. While the world demonstrates readiness to combat climate change, a significant obstacle lies in the "pluralistic ignorance" that hampers accurate perception of others' attitudes. Effective communication is crucial to correct this perception gap and mobilize collective action, emphasizing that the majority supports climate action and expects governmental commitment
G²LM|LIC - Meet Your Future Project: COVID-19 Phone Surveys - Students and Alumnis
No full textThe Meet Your Future Project (MYF) is an RCT designed in partnership with BRAC Uganda to investigate the relative importance of several barriers to quality employment that students face when transitioning from the educational sector into labor markets characterized by high levels of informality. The main study is aimed at understanding whether career-services are specifically beneficial for disadvantaged populations, including: (i) economically disadvantaged students sponsored by NGOs, (ii) women and (iii) minorities, such as under-represented ethnic groups and migrants. The experimental setting is that of Vocational Training Institutes (VTIs) in Uganda.
Over 2020 the research team has adapted the MYF Project to the new conditions imposed by the outbreak of the COVID-19 Pandemic. With a survey in the field when the outbreak came to light and the intervention originally planned to roll out over summer 2020, funding from the G2LM|LIC initiative allowed the research team to conduct additional phone surveys with all the respondents as well as the institutional partners involved to monitor the evolving situation and pick the best adaptation strategy.
By building on the rich set of data collected right before the outbreak the research team built two unique panels to assess the crisis’ impacts on (813) students’ and (631) alumni’s livelihood, time use, labor market expectations/outcomes, intentions to dropout for current students, mental health and much more.
The phone survey with students enrolled in the VTIs across central and eastern Uganda. The student survey was conducted in June 2020, three months into the Ugandan school closure, to contribute evidence toward understanding how the pandemic affected students’ learning environments, mental health and time use in the very short run. 60% of the students in the sample are male, and the average student is 20 years old. The alumni survey was conducted between end of June until mid of July and asked those who graduated from a National Certificate course from one of the five VTIs the MYF program has been implemented.
The data collected will serve three purposes:
Provide a real time picture of the labor market of interest. To what extent and through which channels will local, low scale manufacture and services firms (hairdressers, tailors, carpenters etc.) be affected by the crisis? Additionally, the data span many different sectors that could be differently hit by COVID-19.
Shed light on the struggles, needs and fears of current VTIs’ students as well as on what types of support they envision to need in the coming months. Additionally, they will show dropping out and the extent of the learning loss and time use. The research team will then work with the VTIs to organize a response to the crisis. Examples of policies currently under considerations are: fees postpone, mentor reduction, transport subsidies, and mental health resources.
Inform the adaptation of the main intervention, a tailored individual-level career coaching, to the current circumstances.
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G²LM|LIC- Differential Earnings, Household Division of Labor and Fertility Choices: An Application of the “Doing Gender” Hypothesis in Ghana
No full textThe study employed both purposive and snowball sampling techniques for the selection of its participants. Participants were obtained from the Ashanti, Northern, Volta, Greater-Accra and Upper East regions. The sample selection was intended to reflect the five major ethnic groupings in Ghana, based on the country’s 2010 population and housing census which considers Akans, Mole-Dagbani, Ewe, Ga-Dangme and Gurma as the five major ethnic groupings in Ghana. Participants from these ethnic groups were therefore sampled from across the regions where they are more likely to be concentrated. There are noticeable differences in socio-cultural norms and economic practices among women from the northern (i.e. Northern and Upper East regions) and southern (i.e. Greater Accra, Ashanti, Volta regions) parts of the country. Traditional gender roles tend to be more pronounced in the northern, compared to southern regions, and women tend to carry out a larger proportion, if not all, of domestic chores. With respect to economic practices, in northern Ghana, poverty is more pronounced and gender inequality is more pronounced. This is typically demonstrated by higher incidences of early marriage, lower female enrollment rates and lower labor force participation.
The sampling strategy used provides the opportunity to capture the diversity in the culture and norms concerning attitudes and perceptions regarding the distribution and dynamism of household responsibilities and how it relates to women’s empowerment and other related outcomes. The study relied on in-depth life-history interviews and key-informant interviews to obtain the required information.
In each region, ten (10) couples and two (2) key informants- male and female- were interviewed. In total, 110 respondents (50 couples and 10 key informants) made up the sample size. To capture heterogeneity in responses, we considered couples from low-, middle- and high-income brackets. In each region, five of the life-history interviews were conducted in urban areas while the other five were held in rural areas. All couple interviews were conducted separately although the interviews for both spouses were conducted simultaneously. The study relied on semi-structured interviews to elicit information from participants. In those localities where the researchers did not speak the local language, interviews were conducted with the assistance of interpreters. All interviews were carried out in the homes of the participants and were audio recorded with the permission of the participants.
Audio-recorded interviews were transcribed and translated verbatim into English from the local languages. For interviews conducted in English, audio recorded data were transcribed. Analytic rigour was ensured through comparisons of notes and recordings taken during the sessions with respondents. Thematic analysis was used to organize and categorize the data according to patterns and structures that connected the themes. Thematic analysis was performed by identifying, analysing and reporting themes across the narratives. After a careful examination of the data, codes were generated and themes were developed from the text. An inductive approach was therefore adopted in the development of the qualitative codes where research findings were allowed to emerge from the frequent or dominant themes contained in the data. To ensure accuracy, initial themes were checked by other researchers on the research team.
The researchers carefully considered all the ethical issues involved in conducting research. Clearance for the study was obtained after going through ethical review by the Ethics Committee for the Humanities, University of Ghana. Consent was sought from all participants before proceeding with the study. Anonymity of participants are ensured by using pseudonyms to identify each respondent
G²LM|LIC - Sudan Labor Market Panel Survey
No full textThe Sudan Labor Market Panel Survey 2022 (SLMPS 2022) is the first wave of a planned longitudinal study of the Sudanese labor market designed to elucidate the way in which human resources are developed and deployed in the Sudanese economy. The SLMPS 2022 is a nationally-representative household survey on a panel of about 5,000 households planned to be repeated every six years. The focus of the survey is to understand key relationships between labor market processes and outcomes and other socio-economic processes such as education, training, family formation and fertility, internal and international migration, gender equality and women's empowerment, enterprise development, housing acquisition, and equality of opportunity and intergenerational mobility.
The SLMPS 2022 is modeled on similar surveys carried out in Egypt in 1998, 2006, 2012, and 2018 in Jordan in 2010 and 2016, and in Tunisia in 2014. All of these surveys started out with a sample of 5,000 households in the first wave and then the sample grew as a results of household splits and the addition of a refresher sample in every new wave. The SLMPS 2022 also includes modules from the Living Standards Measurement Study Plus (LSMS+) surveys that focus on gender disaggregated asset, employment, and entrepreneurship data. Given the level of detail desired in the individual level information, it is crucial in this survey that the information be collected from the individual him or herself rather than from any informant in the household. Therefore, the survey design calls for a number of visits to the same household to make sure that each individual aged five and older can be interviewed in person