Technical University of Moldova Press
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Ni-DOPED CuO SENSORS WITH CONTROLLED SELECTIVITY AT HIGH OPERATING TEMPERATURES FOR HYDROGEN DETECTION
Full text linkGas sensors are of major importance in today's industrial, chemical, agricultural, energy and household fields, and their development for general consumer use is an area of growing interest. This study explores the development and hydrogen sensing performance of CuO nanostructures synthesized via a cost-effective chemical solution method. The nanostructures, composed of copper oxide granules uniformly coated with nickel nanoparticles, were deposited on a glass substrate and thermally treated using rapid thermal annealing (RTA) to minimize defects. The resulting sensors exhibited high hydrogen sensitivity, with responses of 60-70% at elevated temperatures of 300 °C and 350 °C. The uniform deposition of Ni on CuO played a critical role in enhancing both sensitivity and selectivity towards hydrogen gas, while minimizing interference from other gases such as acetone, methane, and ammonia. The sensor demonstrated rapid response and recovery times, further confirming its potential for efficient hydrogen gas detection. These findings suggest that CuO nanostructures offer a promising, cost-effective solution for hydrogen gas sensing applications, particularly in safety-critical environments where hydrogen leaks need to be rapidly detected
ASSESSMENT OF SUSTAINABILITY PROGRESS INDICATORS IN THE WINE INDUSTRY
Full text linkIn the context of climate change, wine businesses face the challenge of adapting their business models to promote sustainable development. This requires a careful balance between the economic, social and environmental dimensions of their activities. To measure progress towards sustainability in the wine sector, it is crucial to develop a set of comprehensive indicators. This study aims to analyze sustainability indicators within the wine industry, as presented in current literature and existing research. The study highlights the importance of effective management of waste and by-products in winemaking to reduce environmental impact and create new economic opportunities. It presents a set of indicators for monitoring environmental, economic, and social dimensions of sustainability, emphasizing the need for a balanced approach to ensure the viability and progress of the sector
THE LEGAL NATURE OF SINGLE-MEMBER LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF NATIONAL AND EUROPEAN LAW
Full text linkThe limited liability company with a sole partner has generated significant doctrinal controversies ever since its consecration in legislation, being perceived as an exception, both in the context of the institution of the legal person in general, and of the commercial company in particular. This paper aims to analyze in detail the legal nature of this corporate form, in the light of the national and the European legislation, or, although it represents a genuine limited liability company, its legal regime requires a distinct approach. Thus, the analysis focuses on the way in which the legislator has adapted the European normative framework to reflect the specificity of sole personality, highlighting the particular regulations regarding the establishment and operation of the limited liability company with a sole partner. Also, the paper explores the interferences between these regulations and the general rules which can be applied to commercial companies, thus emphasizing their contribution to the understanding of the legal regime of the limited liability company with a single partner, considering the growing relevance of these companies in the national and European economic landscape
THE ECONOMY OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Full text linkThe development of the national economy from the perspective of sustainable development is determined by complex relationships between economic, social and environmental factors in the context of global transformations determined by the challenges of climate change. In the case of the Republic of Moldova, this process is determined by many challenges, by a multitude of impediments, but also by opportunities such as, for example, integration into the European Union. Examining the sustainable development of a nation requires an integrated and interdisciplinary approach, combining statistical analysis, the evaluation of economic performance indicators to characterize how public policies influence long-term economic development. In this publication, the research methodology is based on data collection and analysis, quantitative and qualitative analysis, deduction and induction, complemented by a rigorous synthesis of the specialized literature. The results obtained support the hypothesis that the adoption of sustainable, complex strategies with clearly defined objectives, the formation of an institution responsible for the transition to a circular economy can lead to increased national economic competitiveness and improved quality of life of citizens. The study highlights the key elements necessary for the implementation of the transition to a sustainable economy such as regulatory framework, financial resources, new technologies and cultural aspects. These findings provide a reference framework for decision-makers and the academic community, facilitating the development of coherent policies that maximize the potential for sustainable economic growth of the Republic of Moldova and for the development of medium and long-term development strategies
IMPACTUL GENOTIPULUI, PLOIDIEI ȘI FACTORILOR DE MEDIU ASUPRA CARACTERELOR MORFOLOGICE ȘI PRODUCTIVE ALE PORUMBULUI
Full text linkMaize is an essential crop for global food security, providing vital nutrients to billions of people. Its adaptation to climate challenges requires the development of productive and resilient varieties using both conventional and molecular breeding methods. Polyploidy significantly contributes to genetic diversity, with effects such as increasing plant organ size, reducing the impact of harmful mutations, and enhancing heterosis. The aim of this research was to evaluate the morphological and productive characteristics of diploid and tetraploid maize lines under polyfactorial experimental conditions. The study was conducted during the 2023-2024 period on the experimental field of the Faculty of Agricultural, Forestry, and Environmental Sciences at the Technical University of Moldova, on a typical chernozem soil under irrigated conditions. The biological material included three maize lines at both diploid and tetraploid levels. The analyzed parameters were plant height, ear insertion height, leaf size, panicle length, number of branches, and yield. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using the Fisher polyfactorial test. The factors investigated were year of research, ploidy, genotype, and replication. The experimental results showed that genotype and ploidy are the main determinants of morphological and agronomic trait variation, significantly influencing (p<0.05) plant height, leaf size, and panicle architecture. Environmental factors, especially the year of the experiment, had a variable impact, mainly affecting leaf and panicle size, but with a limited effect on yield. The interactions between genotype, ploidy, and the year of the experiment highlight the complexity of these influences on plant development. Their significance suggests that breeding strategies should consider optimal genotype-ploidy combinations to obtain stable and high-yielding varieties
EVALUAREA UTILIZĂRII ALBINELOR LA POLENIZAREA RAPIȚEI
Full text linkThe determination of the efficiency of rapeseed pollination with the help of bees represents the purpose of the current investigation. The researches were conducted in an apiary located near a rapeseed plantation and the following parameters were evaluated: 1) flight intensity of worker bees for nectar and pollen collection, 2) the number of bees, which visited rapeseed flowers, per 1 m2, 3) the mass of rapeseed seeds from plants pollinated by bees. The flight intensity of worker bees during the rapeseed flowering period (13.04.2024-09.05.2024) was studied for 3 consecutive minutes, recording the number of bees that returned from the field with nectar and pollen balls. Three lots of bee colonies were formed at the apiary, 5 in each. In lot I the strongest bee colonies were selected, in lot II – medium-strong colonies and in lot III – weak colonies. The recordings were carried out in the first half of the day at 1000 hours and at 1500hours. The flight intensity of bees varied according to the time of the light-day and the strength of the bee colony. The number of bees collecting pollen was lower compared to the bees collecting nectar. The maximum number of bees that collected pollen (124) and nectar (180) was recorded at 1500 hours (May 6, 2024). For recording flower visitation per 1 m2, three plots were marked on the cultivated rapeseed area: at a distance of 200 m; 800 m and 1500 m from the apiary. It was established that honey bees visited the flowers more frequently at a distance of 200 m where a total of 186 bees were recorded, at 800 m – 103 bees and at 1500 m – 32 bees. The efficiency of honey bee use for rapeseed pollination was assessed on the basis of the amount of seed yield. To determine the contribution of bees to increased seed yield, 5 plants from each plot were isolated at the beginning of flowering. At the beginning of rapeseed harvest, these plants (without pollination by bees) were removed manually from the respective plots. The seeds were collected and weighed, and their mass was compared with the mass of seeds from the pollinated plants. Due to pollination of rapeseed plants by bees, the mass of seeds per plant increased, on average, by 66% and per square meter by 65%. More efficient pollination of rapeseed can be achieved by placing the apiary with strong families near the nectar-pollen source, but not further than 1500 m
COMPLEX VALORIZATION OF WASTE FROM THE ALCOHOL PRODUCTION INDUSTRY
Full text linkThe study addresses the technological valorization of agro-industrial residues generated as a result of the integrated activity of a cattle farm and an ethyl alcohol distillery, in the context of the transition to a circular bioeconomy. The experiment was implemented within the enterprise SRL "Garma Grup", which uses a continuous anaerobic digestion system for the conversion of a homogeneous mixture of cereal bran and cattle manure into biogas. The objective was to evaluate the influence of dihydroxyfumaric acid (DHFA) on the efficiency of the anaerobic digestion process under industrial conditions. The results confirmed the hypothesis regarding the stimulating effect of DHFA on the microbiological activity in the acidogenesis and methanogenesis stages. The enterprise implemented an integrated biogas purification system, which allowed the reduction of the level of impurities to safe thresholds from an operational point of view. The study confirmed the feasibility of circular bioeconomy strategies, the need to deepen the biochemical mechanisms involved, as well as economic assessments
THE IMPACT OF ACCELERATING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DUAL EDUCATION
Full text linkThe trends in the development of the economic situation require authorities to identify quick and effective measures to ensure the labor market is supplied with a qualified workforce. In 2024, under the aegis of the Ministry of Education and Research, the authorities focused their resources on accelerating the implementation of dual education. This article reflects the main results of the acceleration of dual education implementation in the Republic of Moldova and provides an overview of dual education through the lens of four pillars: policy framework, funding, institutional framework, and human resource management in dual education. We believe that the results presented in this paper are relevant for both national public authorities and at the international level. We consider that accelerating the implementation of dual education represents an example of best practices in the implementation of educational policies
EXPLORING COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS IN DRUG-RESISTANT EPILEPSY: INSIGHTS FROM A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Full text linkThis article explores the cognitive impairments in individuals with drug-resistant epilepsy compared to those with well-controlled epilepsy. The research involves 102 subjects (62 with drugresistant epilepsy and 40 with well-controlled epilepsy), and examines cognitive functions such as verbal and visual memory, attention and language. Subjects were assessed with the MoCA test; the Rey Auditory Verbal Test; the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure; the Trail Making Test (parts A and B) and the F-A-S language test. Results show that cognitive deficits are three times more frequent in the drug-resistant epilepsy group, with significant impairments in verbal memory, visual memory, attention and semantic fluency. Additionally, drug-resistant epilepsy individuals, particularly those aged 50-59, with lower education, and more frequent seizures, exhibit more pronounced cognitive issues. These findings align with international research, confirming the strong correlation between seizure frequency and cognitive decline in epilepsy. The study highlights the need for personalized cognitive assessments and interventions for individuals with drug-resistant epilepsy
TOWARDS A RESILIENT AND PROSPEROUS HIMALAYAN REGION: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT PARADIGMS
Full text linkThe increasing frequency and magnitude of disasters in the Himalayan region are not solely attributable to natural forces. The prevailing development paradigm, characterized by unsustainable tourism, large-scale hydropower projects, and a disregard for traditional ecological knowledge, has exacerbated the region's vulnerability. While technocrats and experts often advocate for investment in warning systems after each devastating event, such solutions alone cannot ensure the safety and security of communities in the Himalayan region. This paper argues for a paradigm shift in Himalayan development, one that prioritizes disaster risk reduction (DRR) and embraces a flexible, participatory approach. This new framework must integrate local knowledge, aspirations, and an understanding of the region's inherent fragility to foster both resilience and vibrant economic growth