Technical University of Moldova Press
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Optimizing the use of protein in the young cattle body
Full text linkThe organization of complete feed rations for cattle meeting the needs of animals in energy, protein, amino acids, minerals and vitamins in terms of basic nutrients and biologically active substances represents the main condition to achieve the genetic potential of productivity. The purpose of the paper was to optimize the protein utilization in the body of young cattle by synchronizing the processes of fermentation of nitrogen-containing substances and carbohydrates in feed. Barothermal treatment of concentrated feed mixtures with high protein degradability and a high content of non-structural carbohydrates causes a more uniform fermentation of nutrients, intensification of microbial protein synthesis processes and an increase in the efficiency of energy use of carbohydrates and protein nitrogen by rumen microflora. This is evidenced by an increase in the number of ciliates by 4.4–8.1% and a decrease in the concentration of ammonia and volatile fatty acids in the rumen fluid by 5.2–.2% and 3.4–4.3 %, respectively. A decrease in nitrogen losses is indicated by a decrease in the content of urea in animals’ blood by 2.0–9.0%. Extrusion of concentrated feeds with high protein degradability and high content of non-structural carbohydrates improves animal productivity and feed efficiency. The average daily gain in live weight increases by 4.8-6.0% in the experimental group. As a result, feed consumption is reduced by 2.7-6.9%, while protein consumption is reduced by 2.6-5.7%. 
Скрининг штаммов грибов Trichoderma pers. для защиты растений от Albifimbria verrucaria, ранее известного как Myrothecium verrucaria
Full text linkThe phytopathogen Albifimbria verrucaria (Myrothecium) produces macrocyclic trichothecene mycotoxins. When developed on animal feed, it can cause poisoning. The research aims to select strains of Trichoderma fungi that are promising for plant protection against the pathogen Alb. verrucaria. The antagonistic activity of 21 Trichoderma cultures against Alb. verrucaria was studied using the double-culture method. On day 10, three isolates of Trichoderma sp. 3K, 7T and 12T inhibited the pathogen by 67-71%. Furthermore, in seven variants of the double cultures, inhibition of Trichoderma fungi by the pathogen with the formation of sterile zones with a radius of 2-10 mm was observed. By day 15 of double-culture incubation, pathogen accretion was noted on some Trichoderma cultures, including 3K and 12T. As a result of the microscopy of crop connection zones and growth zones, three isolates, namely 1K, 4T and 13N, were noted as promising for plant protection against Alb. verrucaria
Sistem pentru deshidratarea fructelor cu eficiență energetică înaltă
Full text linkThe paper is dedicated to streamlining the process of fruit dehydration, by microwave treatment in the tunnel, mainly by reducing electricity consumption. To address this issue, an experimental system for fruit dehydration was developed, thus the research being conducted applying a tunnel-type dehydrator. The experiments were performed on the example of apricots, peaches and plums. The results obtained with the application of the experimental system were compared with those obtained based on the classical dehydration technology. Fruit dehydration based on the developed system reduces the consumption of electricity by about 1.37 times, compared to the application of classical technology
Municipal solid waste management in Bandung, Indonesia: is incineration the right way to treat your waste?
Full text linkGlobally, the most used waste treatment method is landfilling, although (improper) landfilling, which is typical for developing countries, has no material or energy recovery possibility compared with other treatment methods. In Indonesia, open dumping on final disposal sites covers most of the treated waste, which is an even worse method than landfilling in terms of environmental issues. The main objective of this article is to evaluate the feasibility of the waste-to-energy solution/waste incineration approach for proper and sustainable waste management in Bandung. A big issue of municipal solid waste is the organic portion of waste, as most emissions and pollution come from organic waste and improper handling. A specific objective is to conduct the risk analysisof an incineration plant model and to compare the environmental impact of incineration vs landfilling. The input data for the assessment will be obtained from the laboratory analyses of solid waste samples collected from the Sarimukti disposal site. The lab analyses will comprise the determination of fractional composition (biodegradable and non-biodegradable compounds like food waste, paper, textiles, plastics) and physico-chemical properties (such as moisture content, calorific values, trace elements). The research will also include general calculations of energy balance and economic costs of the incineration plant. Thus, the selected criteria will assess the following aspects of the incineration plant model: technical, environmental, social, energy, and economic
Influența fructelor asupra proprietăților organoleptice ale iaurtului din lapte de capră și vacă
Full text linkThe objectives of this study were to analyze the yogurt processed from a mixture of goat and cow milk (series I) and goat milk (series II) with the addition of fruit puree of black chokeberries (Aronia melanocarpa), raspberries (Rubus idaeus) and strawberries (Fragaria ananassa). From the physico-chemical point of view, sugar content in the goat milk yogurt with strawberies had the lowest values (2.79±0.01 %). At storage, the best evolution of syneresis (1.05 ± 0.04-2.01 ± 0.05 ml/100 ml) and water holding capacity (66.6 ± 0.02-56.1 ± 0.01%) was observed in the mixture of goat/cow milk yogurt with strawberries. From a chromatic point of view, color characteristics with the highest values (85.31 ± 2.75-83.00 ± 3.54) were noticed in the goat/cow milk yogurt with black chokeberries. From an organoleptic point of view, goat/cow milk yogurt with strawberries obtained and kept its highest score, having a refreshing aroma, smooth and viscous gel and a sweet taste
Reacţia formelor parentale şi hibrizilor F2 de tomate la temperaturi stresante
Full text linkThe paper presents data on the response of F2 hybrid combinations and parental forms of tomato at different temperatures (optimal 2500C and stressful 4000, 4200C), tested in laboratory conditions. It was established that stressful temperatures significantly affect the early ontogenesis of tomato varieties and hybrids by suppressing the growth of the embryonic root, stem and seedling (sometimes by stimulating them). Cluster analysis by the k-media method demonstrated that stressful temperatures manifested a higher discriminating ability of tomato clusters for seedling length and embryonic root length characters, which reveals a more pronounced specificity of interaction at these temperatures. Florina, Wake, Prestij and Rome varieties and F2 hybrid combinations Mary Gratefullt x Pontina, Prestij x Pontina, Rome x Wake have the highest complex resistance in terms of the reaction of the embryonic root, stem and seedling at 4200C temperature. They are of interest in the further process of breeding.