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Stafilinidofauna (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) rezervației naturale de stat „Plaiul fagului”
Get PDFStaphylinids (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) are insects playing an important role in nature. They serve as indicators for various habitat types and are actively involved in regulating the density of some invertebrate species. The research aimed to inventory the staphylinid species in the State Nature Reserve „Plaiul Fagului”. In order to determine the Staphylinidae fauna framework, the author used the material collected in the period 2020-2021 and analysed literature data on staphylinids collected in previous periods (2005-2018). The paper presents a list of 46 species, highlighting the most important aspects characterizing this group as a whole. The list includes 3 staphylinids with the status of new species for the fauna of „Plaiul fagului” Reserve and for the Republic of Moldova, namely: Phloeopora concolor (Kraatz, 1856), Acylophorus glaberrimus (Herbst, 1784) and Xantholinus sublinearis (Coiffait, 1970)
Evaluarea performanțelor ecologice ale motorului cu aprindere prin comprimare alimentat cu diverse tipuri de combustibili
Get PDFThe research reflected in this study aimed to determine the ecological performance of the compression ignition engine (4DC (110X125) powered by diesel oil, rapeseed biodiesel (B 100) and diesel oil-biodiesel mixture (B20 (diesel oil 80% + biodiesel 20%), B50 (diesel oil 50% + biodiesel 50%)), based on experimental tests at the stand. The purpose was achieved by using a gas analyzer (Cartec CET 2000) that allowed the measurement of the concentration of pollutant emissions from exhaust gases at various loads and speeds of diesel engine operation. It was established that powering the engine with biodiesel and diesel oil-biodiesel mixture produces a minimal impact on the environment by reducing the concentration of harmful substances emitted into the atmosphere
Корреляционный анализ сопряженности уровня урожая с биометрическими показателями и элементами его структуры у озимой пшеницы
Get PDFThe paper presents an analysis of the level of contingency and the contribution of each of the main yield components to the overall yield of winter wheat and their functional relationships in Balti steppe, Republic of Moldova. For the correlation analysis, the authors used the level of productivity of winter wheat and its main yield components obtained in the competitive variety trials during 2016-2020 in the Research Institute for Field Crops “Selectia”. In the experiment 6 morpho-biological indices for 15 typical varieties of 2 different ecotypes were analyzed. The coefficients of variation and correlation were determined according to the methodical guidance of Dospehov B.A. and Sedlovschi A.I. In the ecological conditions of the Republic of Moldova a strong direct correlation was established between the level of overall wheat productivity and its yield components - grain weight per ear and plant height, while an average correlation was revealed between overall productivity and the mass of 1000 grains and the amount of productive ears on the unit area (productive tillering)
The more wine, the more gas? Estimation of the bioenergy potential of winery wastewater in Moldova: contributions to sustainable development
Get PDFWine is one of the most ancient commodities in the world. The critical residues from the wine industry are grape leaves, stems, grape pomace, grape seeds, yeast lees, tartrate, and wastewater. The indiscriminate disposal of produced wastewater has adverse environmental and health consequences. Nevertheless, winery effluent has substantial prospects as an energy source. Hence, this paper aims to briefly showcase the potential of energy generation from wastewater in the wine industry through anaerobic digestion. From literature and statistical records, in 2018, the cultivation of grapes in Moldova covered about 126,873 ha of land and produced 730,171 t of grapes, with over 24% pressed for wine production. Consequently, the industry released over 6 billion litres of wastewater. Therefore, by anaerobic digestion of this effluent, there is a potential for the wine industry to produce 459,166 MWh of electricity annually to satisfy nearly 287,000 people. This potential represents a very important step towards energy self-sufficiency of the wine industry and a contribution to the sustainable development goals concerning wastewater, energy and sanitation
Enterprise-level analysis on awareness, practices and barriers of circular economy in the fruit processing sector: in Armenia
Get PDFThe current production model in the agri-food industry is not environmentally conscious and as a result, we face the challenges of extensive and inefficient resource use along with a massive amount of waste. The major objective of this study is to analyze the awareness, practices, and corresponding barriers among the selected enterprises on the circular economy. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods have been used in this study. A survey-based questionnaire has been designed by the author and 40 companies operating in the fruit processing sector (dry fruit and jams production) have been asked to fill in the survey. The results show that although 80% of the respondents are aware of the circular economy, the practices are not intensively implemented and the barriers associated are very diverse including financial burdens such as access to agricultural credits, lack of practical knowledge, and the necessary infrastructure as well as small production volumes, which doesn’t promote innovation and alternative production in the enterprises
Bilanțul elementelor nutritive la aplicarea deșeurilor locale organogene pe cernoziom levigat
Get PDFThe article presents the balance of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium when applying different types and doses of farmyard manure and sewage sludge on leached chernozem for five crops (winter wheat, winter barley, grain corn, sunflower and grain peas). The calculation of nutrient element balance was performed based on the research carried out in the period 2011-2020 in the Laboratory of Soil Agrochemistry and Plant Nutrition (Institute of Pedology, Agrochemistry and Soil Protection “Nicolae Dimo”). A negative balance of biophilic elements was established in the control unfertilized variant regardless of the cultivated crop. In the fertilized variants the nitrogen balance was positive under green peas and sunflower and deficient under spiked cereals and corn.Phosphorus balance was positive under all crops when applying twice the dose of manure, while potassium balance has positive values for all crops, except corn. At the experimental field level, a deficient balance of nitrogen and a positive balance of phosphorus and potassium were established
Influenţa regulatorilor de creștere asupra obținerii producțiilor înalte în plantațiile de cireș din soiul Kordia altoite pe portaltoiul Maxma 14
Get PDFThe experiment was carried out in the orchard “Agroparc Management” Ltd. established in 2015. The study subject of the experiment was Kordia cherry variety, grafted on MaxMa 14. The trees were trained according to the spindle system and the fruit tree spacing of 5.0×3.0 m. The research was conducted during the year 2021. In order to study the effect of the growth regulators Auxiger LG (1-naphthylacetamide (1-NAD - 1.5 g/l), 1-naphthylacetic acid (1-NAA - 0.6 g/l)) and Gibbera, SL (gibberellins, 10 g/l mixture of GA4+7) on the fruit setting rate, the development processes of cherry trees and the fruit yield the following variants of treatment were experimented: 1. Control – without treatment; 2. Auxiger LG, 0.7 l/ha; 3. Gibbera, SL, 0.25 l/ha; 4. Gibbera, SL, 0.5 l/ha. The growth regulator Auxiger LG was sprayed once, during the period of intensive fruit growing, when the fruits diameter was 12–13 mm (14.05.2021), while Gibbera, SL was applied in three phases. The first treatment was done at the end of the flowering phase (26.04.2021), and the subsequent two treatments – at an interval of 7-10 days, on 05.05.2021 and on 14.05.2021, respectively. During the analyzed period, it was established that a higher fruit setting rate, a better development of trees, higher fruit yields and a more balanced economic efficiency of cherry production were recorded when using the growth regulator Gibbera, SL at a dose of 0.5 l/ha
Studiul privind instalația pentru uscarea semințelor în strat suspendat
Get PDFThe paper is focused on streamlining the seed drying process using the method of suspended layer treatment. The research was carried out with three types of oilseeds (grape, sea buckthorn seeds and linseeds), based on an experimental drying plant using convection and SHF as treatment agents. The results demonstrated that seed treatment process in a suspended layer ensures the increase of the speed and reduces the drying time. Moreover, the application of the developed installation allows to reduce the consumption of electricity and to reduce the costs of technological processing
Definirea metodologiei spectrofotometrice UV-VIS de evaluare a concentrației malondialdehidei ca marker al calității în trasabilitatea a trei tipuri de carne
Get PDFThis research represents a follow-up of previous original investigation on the methodology for evaluating biochemical indicators in the quality of pork, beef and chicken in accordance with the technology of the slaughter stage. The UV-VIS spectrophotometric approach enables to determine the concentration of the malondialdehyde that in the investigation is defined as the freshness indicator of the fresh meat obtained after slaughter, which is a very important standard of traceability. In the proposed methodology, the investigated biochemical reaction consists in building the red chromogen with λ = 532 nm between thiobarbituric acid and malondialdehyde in the glacial acetic acid medium. A comparative analysis of the significant limit difference according to ANOVA was done between the meat samples kept in the thermostat and those placed in the refrigerator, and this confirmed the hypothesis of the rancidity mechanism in the raw material
Potențialul reproductiv la vacile de import și autohtone exploatate pentru producția de lapte în Republica Moldova
Get PDFThe results of the investigation of main reproduction indices of populations of imported (Holstein breed) and indigenous (Moldovan type of Black-Motley breed) cows are presented. The functionality of the reproductive system in the herd of cows of Moldovan type of Black-Motley breed is clearly superior compared to the Holstein cows populations. In all investigated populations the service-period correlates very strongly positively with the duration of calving interval, very strongly negatively with the coefficient of reproductive capacity of cows and very weakly positively with the duration of lactation. Positive and partially very weak negative correlative links persist with regards to milk productivity indices on normal lactation. Very weak and weak negative correlative links were revealed between the coefficient of reproductive capacity of cows and the amount of milk on normal lactation in all investigated populations