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PRIMARY ASSESSMENT OF CYBERBULLYING IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
Get PDFCyberbullying, along with other risks associated with the use of social networks, is an emerging problem of the 21st century. The purpose of the research was the primary evaluation of the cyberbullying phenomenon and the determination of its specificity in the context of the Republic of Moldova. To achieve the purpose of the research and confirm or reject the research hypotheses, a cross-sectional study was carried out in 4 high schools in the country. The 489 students (56.2% girls and 43.8% boys), aged between 10-17 years, were recruited from these locations. The results of the study reflected a high rate of victimization among children of 53.4%, significant differences according to the gender of the victim were not identified, there was little variation between the victimization of boys (54.7%) and girls (52.4%). Social networks are the environments where students were most often victims of the phenomenon, receiving annoying or offensive messages, in 67.3% of cases from people they know, including: friends, colleagues or friends of their friends. The primary assessment of the phenomenon will allow the present study to be used as a reference for future research
MALARIA, POVERTY AND CHILD HEALTH IN NIGERIA: ANY NEXUS?
Get PDFInfant mortality rates remain high in many African countries, despite global lowering trends. These high rates are alarming, therefore, this study attempt to examine the effect of malaria and poverty on infant mortality a proxy for child health in Nigeria using a data for the period 1990-2021. Auto-regressive distributed lag model (ARDL) was used as the estimation technique. The study's findings showed that both in the short and long run, poverty rate has a negative non-significant effect on infant mortality while malaria has a positive and significant effect on infant mortality. Government expenditure on health both in the short run and long run is positive and nonsignificant on child health. The current values of primary school enrolment (PSE) and number of physician (NOP) have a negative (-0.014 and -0.0002) non-significant effect on infant mortality in the short, and also negative (-0.501 and -1.654) but significant in the long run. The study recommends that policies that will improve child health and promote poverty reduction should be put in place and well implemented in Nigeria. Also, the government should take measures that will eradicate malaria in Nigeria
PARTICIPANTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE EXPANDED PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMME TO SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS
Get PDFPublic Employment Programmes (PEPs), which include the South African Expanded Public Works Programme (EPWP), are widely recognised as important social protection tools that address the challenges of persistent unemployment and dire poverty. PEPs offer a ‘win-win’ policy option by creating jobs while simultaneously generating assets and delivering services. In South Africa, the impact of PEPs has primarily been evaluated based on employment opportunities, thus creating a gap in the comprehensive assessment of their contribution to the broader livelihood of participants beyond job creation. To address this gap, a qualitative research method was employed, utilising a snowball sampling strategy and the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework as the theoretical foundation for the investigation. The findings of this study underscore the positive contribution of the EPWP to the livelihoods of its participants. However, the study also uncovered various challenges confronting the programme, such as non-compliance with program regulations, such as payment below minimum wage rates and difficulties in meeting youth employment targets amidst escalating youth unemployment rates in South Africa. The research recommends introducing a national EPWP policy with enforcement mechanisms and youth-focused programmes while strengthening local institutions to provide services and processes to enhance the impact of these programs and create a conducive environment for beneficiaries to improve their livelihoods and escape poverty
EFECTUL PERIOADEI DE TĂIERE ASUPRA RANDAMENTULUI ȘI A MĂRIMII FRUCTELOR LA SOIURILE DE CIREȘ STELLA ȘI SKEENA, ALTOITE PE MAXMA 14
Get PDFThe study investigates the effects of pruning time on sweet cherry trees (Prunus avium L.) of Stella and Skeena varieties, grafted on MaxMa 14 rootstock, planted at a spacing distance of 5 x 3 m in the central region of the Republic of Moldova in 2012. Trees with naturally improved crowns of reduced volume were used. Four pruning schedules were tested: dormant period pruning (control group), pruning during flowering, post-harvest pruning (in July), and early autumn pruning (first decade of September).Phenological characteristics of sweet cherry varieties, trunk diameter increment, crop yield, and fruit distribution by diameter were assessed. Pruning time had no significant effect on the onset and duration of flowering or trunk growth, but significantly influenced fruit quality and yield. Early autumn pruning reduced the number of small fruits and increased the yield of fruits larger than 28 mm in diameter. Further research during the growing season should focus on evaluating the impact of pruning time on yield, fruit diameter, fruit mass, and fruit distribution by commercial size.
În perioada anilor 2019-2021 în zona de centru a Republicii Moldova s-a evaluat efectul perioadei de tăiere a pomilor de cireș (Prunus avium L.) din soiurile Stella și Skeena, altoite pe MaxMa 14, plantate în anul 2012 la distanța de 5 x 3 m, cu forma decoroană natural ameliorată cu volum redus. S-a studiat tăierea în perioada de repaus (martor) şi în perioada de vegetație: tăierea în timpul înfloririi; tăierea după recoltare (iulie); tăierea toamna devreme (prima decadă a lunii septembrie). Au fost evaluatecaracteristicile fenologice ale soiurilor de cireș, creșterea în diametru a trunchiului, randamentul și distribuirea fructelor în funcţie de diametrul lor. Perioada de tăiere a pomilor nu a influențat începutul și sfârșitul perioadei de înflorire și a avut un efectnesemnificativ asupra creșterii în grosime a trunchiului pomilor și suprafeței secțiunii transversale a trunchiului. Rezultatele indică un efect semnificativ al perioadei de tăiere asupra recoltei, calității fructelor și a eficienței randamentului. Tăierea toamna devreme a redus cantitatea de fructe mici și a promovat randamentul fructelor cu diametrul de 28 mm și mai mult. Tăierile în perioada de vegetație ar trebui direcționate spre evaluarea efectelor perioadei de tăiere asupra randamentului și, în special, asupra diametrului, masei și distribuției fructelor pe mărimi comerciale
METODE DE ASANARE A PROTOCLONELOR DE VIȚĂ-DE-VIE ÎN PROCESUL DE SELECȚIE FITOSANITARĂ
Get PDFThis study addresses the use of hot water therapy, hot air therapy, and in vitro culture as additional techniques for eliminating viruses during the phytosanitary selection process of grapevines, aiming to produce healthy plants free from infectious agents. The findings detail the application of these methods to grapevine varieties such as Meleag and Codrinschii, in- fected with one or more virotic or bacterial pathogens, are presented, highlighting the successful generation of healthy plants after sanitation. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the positive im pact of these methods on reducing the time required to obtain phytosanitary clones, thereby enhancing the efficiency of phytosanitary selection in viticulture. The combination of thermotherapy and in vitro culture has proven to be effective in clearing grapevines of Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV), Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), and bacterial canker. Plants free from bacterial canker have been obtained from the Meleag variety, while grapevine plants free from GFLV and GFkV viruses have been successfully obtained from Codrinschii variety, facilitating the establishment of a mother plantation in the PREBASIC biological category.
În studiul dat au fost abordate termoterapia cu apă fierbinte și termoterapia cu aer fierbinte, precum și cultura in vitro ca o tehnică suplimentară pentru eliminarea virusurilor în procesul de selecție fitosanitară a viței de vie pentru a obține plante sănătoase și lipsite de agenți infecțioși. Sunt prezentate rezultatele aplicării acestor metode în cazul unor soiuri de viță-de-vie precum Meleag și Codrinschii infectate cu unul s-au mai mulți agenți patogeni de etiologie virotică sau bacteriană, evidențiind succesul obținerii de plante sănătoase după asanare. De asemenea, se subliniază impactul pozitiv al acestor metode asupra scurtării perioadei de obținere a clonelor fitosanitare, contribuind astfel la îmbunătățirea procesului de selecție fitosanitară în tehnologia de obținere a clonelor sănătoase de viță-de-vie. Combinația dintre termoterapie și cultura in vitro s-a dovedit a fi eficientă pentru asanarea plantelor de virusurile GFkV, GFLV și cancerul bacterian. Au fost obținute plante libere de cancer bacterian din soiul Meleag și plante de viță-de-vie din soiul Codrinschii libere de virusurile GFLV și GFkV pentru înființarea plantației-mamă de categoria biologică PREBAZA
QUALITY PARAMETERS OF BEE HONEY PRODUCED IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA AND THE EUROPEAN UNION
Get PDFBee honey remains one of the most popular domestic animal products exported to the European Union. Honey producers should ensure the safety of the product by providing evidence of its safety through traceability. This research has been carried out to assess the quality and harmlessness of domestic and imported honey based on the organoleptic, physicochemical parameters and toxic metals. The honey samples were analyzed at the Public Institution Republican Center for Veterinary Diagnosis in the Laboratory of Food Products Testing. The results of organoleptic analysis and the values of evaluated indices (mass fraction of water:16,4-17,8%; acidity index: 0,9-3,3 milliequivalents per 100 g of honey; hydroxymethylfurfural content: 4,7-25,8%; sucrose: 1,3-2,0%; toxic elements; lead: < 0,02 mg/kg) revealed that the investigated domestic and imported honey samples meet the established standards and are recommended for human consumption.
Mierea de albine rămâne a fi un produs destul de solicitat şi unul din produsele de origine animalieră din țară care este exportat în Uniunea Europeană. Producătorii trebuie să asigure inofensivitatea produsului, prezentând dovezi privind siguranţa alimentului prin trasabilitatea acestuia. Cercetările au fost efectuate cu scopul aprecierii calității și inofensivității mierii de albine autohtone și de import în baza indicilor organoleptici, fizico-chimici și a metalelor toxice. Mostrele de miere au fost analizate la Instituția Publică Centrul Republican de Diagnostic Veterinar în Laboratorul de Încercări ale Produselor Alimentare. Rezultatele analizei organoleptice și valorile indicilor evaluați (fracția masică de umiditate: 16,4-17,8%; indicele acidității: 0,9-3,3 miliechivalenți la 100 g de miere; conținutul de hidroximetilfurfural: 4,7-25,8%; zaharoză: 1,3-2,0%; plumb: < 0,02 mg/kg) au demonstrat, că mierea din Republica Moldova și de import studiată corespunde normelor stabilite și se recomandă pentru consumul uman
EMPIRICAL MODELS’ APPLICABILITY FOR CALCULATING THE CENTRIFUGAL PUMP'S IMPELLERS GEOMETRIC PARAMETERS
Get PDFThis paper deals with the comparison of empirical computational models used to achieve the geometrical parameters of pumps impellers with models based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations and optimization algorithms. Also, the actuality of the empirical models application in modern pump manufacturing industry is analyzed. Further, an empirical model for calculating the pump impeller geometrical parameters was presented. Applying this model, the calculation of the centrifugal pump impeller parameters for CH 6,3/20 1,1-2 canned motor pump was performed. The procedure for parameterization and generation of the geometric model based on parameters obtained from this model through ANSYS DesignModeler was also presented. CFD simulation based on ANSYS CFX was used to obtain the operating characteristic of the obtained centrifugal pump impeller. The authors carried out the comparison of the results of the designed model with the original one and with the optimized impeller obtained using optimization algorithms and CFD calculations
COMPARISON AND EVALUATION OF CLASSICAL METHODS OF DIMENSIONAL CHAINS THEORY AND THEIR MODERN ANALOGUES
Get PDFThe requirements for the quality, reliability, and cost-effectiveness of engineering products and engineering production itself are constantly improving. As a result, there is an increasing demand for the quality of design and technological preparation of production, which includes classical dimensional analysis as its foundation. The Classical Method of dimensional analysis calculation represents a comprehensive set of computational and analytical actions carried out during the development and analysis of projects and technological processes, including: the construction of specialized dimensional diagrams for projects and technological processes, the identification and recording of interconnections between all dimensional parameters, the identification of dimensional chains, verification, and the establishment of rational sizing methods in drawings. Dimensional analysis involves a significant number of procedures and actions. The time required for dimensional analysis is substantial, ranging from 10 to 50 hours for a single technical drawing or technological process. At the same time, the use of Modern Methods for calculating dimensional chains will allow us to determine, after a thorough evaluation of manufacturing conditions at each production stage (operation), leading to a reduction in the manufacturing cost of parts. The increased workload of the evaluation process can be compensated by using databases and appropriate software that operates interactively with the user. This will also lead to a reduction in the labor intensity of dimensional analysis of projects and technological processes through automation
WAYS OF APPLICATION OF THE CIRCULAR BIOECONOMY IN THE WINE INDUSTRY
Get PDFThe article reviews the conventional (composting, landspreading, tartaric acid, and grapeseed oil production) and novel ways of winemaking by-products biomass conversion with the manufacturing of value-added products to solve the disposal problem and bring extra profit to producers. Winemaking waste may be used to make biopolymers - bacterial polymers that work as a plastic alternative, and can also be utilized to make biocomposites or serve as natural fillers. It showed to be a good substrate for microorganisms for the generation of biofuels from winery waste and is the most promising, economical, and ecologically friendly option. In biotechnological applications, it can be used for the production of microbial polysaccharides, alcohols, organic acids, and enzymes, as well as single-cell protein and protein-rich fungi. The available studies indicate that it is possible to create pharmaceuticals with multiple properties of preventing or treating obesity and multiple sclerosis, atherosclerosis, diabetes, allergies, and also benefit gut microbiota. The red grape marc can be used in manufacturing encapsulated natural pigments, applicable for baked products, dairy, soft drinks, and pasta making it a feasible alternative to synthetic colorants. Considering the available opportunities, it is advised the development of industrial technologies and quality standards for the available studies introduction
ASSESSING NIGERIAN GOVERNMENT’S EFFORTS IN SAFEGUARDING CITIZENS, UTILITIES, AND INFRASTRUCTURE FROM TERRORIST ATTACKS
Get PDFVulnerable places are usually the targets of terrorist attacks everywhere in the world. The scenario is quite the same in Nigeria. Boko Haram and other terrorist groups in Nigeria have attacked ordinary citizens and infrastructure like schools and hospitals. Especially crowded places are the main targets of the terrorists. To mitigate this security challenge, the Nigerian government factored in the protection of soft targets in its National Counter-Terrorism Strategy (NACTEST). The second pillar of NACTEST, known as “to secure,” is in charge of this assignment. The NACTEST document was launched in 2014 by President Jonathan as a standing policy to combat terrorism in Nigeria. It is expected that this strategy needs to be evaluated since it has been in operation for more than half a decade. The focus of this paper is to examine the extent to which the Nigerian government has successively protected soft targets from terrorism attacks. The paper makes use of both primary and secondary data as sources of data gathering and content analysis for data analysis. The research makes use of the NACTEST document and bases its evaluation on the specified objectives of the NACTEST second pillar, “to secure." It also adopts asymmetric theory as its theoretical framework. The paper discovered that the Nigerian government has, to a large extent, successively protected the vulnerable, like civilian citizens, utilities, and infrastructure. However, sporadic attacks by terrorists are equally a challenge that the government needs to handle seriously. The paper recommended, among others, that the government should provide needed resources, both human and material, for security and better performance