Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology
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Study on the Impact of the Nationwide Rural Road Connectivity Programme in India (PMGSY) on the Socio-Economic Status of the Rural People under Wozhuro Rural Development Block, Wokha District, Nagaland, India
No full textRural road connectivity plays a significant role in the socio-economic growth and development of rural people by providing them access to basic amenities for a better livelihood. A study was conducted under the Wozhuro R.D. Block in Wokha district to find out the socio-economic impact of PMGSY road connectivity on rural livelihoods. A purposive random sampling design was used for the selection of respondents. A total of 100 respondents from three villages comprised the sample for the study. A structured interview schedule was developed, and data was collected through the personal interview technique. Statistical tools such as frequency, percentage, and the correlation coefficient were used for analysing the data obtained. The findings showed that rural roads had a great impact on both farm and non-farm sectors. The dependent variable, income generation, was found to have a positive and significant relationship with the independent variables, family size (r=0.20**) and land holding (r=0.27**). Also, farm benefits were found to have a positive and significant relationship with land holding (r=0.39**) and annual income (r=0.66**), and non-farm benefits (health r=0.44** and education r=0.70**) with annual income, respectively
Constraints and Suggestions towards Supply Chain Management of Arize 6444 in Patna District of Bihar, India
No full textThe study conducted in Patna district of Bihar State has investigated the supply chain of Arize 6444 seed based on the data collected in the field survey from 100 respondents. The study has used Henry Garrett’s test for analysis. The study focused on the different constraints involved in the marketing of Arize 6444. The study has revealed that factors such as price, availability, certification problems, transportation, quality problems, competitors, communication gaps, and communication gaps hold a 1 to 7 ranking, respectively. This indicates that price is a major concern that should be considered first. It is also suggested that promotional activities like demonstrations, farmer meetings, and company co-official field visits be done at regular intervals to overcome the constraints
Semi-Intensive Native Chicken Farming Integrated with Pig Farming: An Economic Analysis
No full textA study was conducted at a native chicken cum pig farm in Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu, India, to evaluate its economic feasibility. The native chicken unit yields regular income to the farmer, where the adult chickens, eggs, and day-old chicks are sold to local households on a demand basis at a premium prize. The poultry unit operates at a yearly benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 3.92, which is attributed to the scavenging nature of the native birds, thereby reducing feed costs. The birds scavenge on maggots produced in the manure pit of the piggery unit, which satisfy the protein requirements of the birds. On the other hand, the piggery unit provides supplementary income to the farmer. The pigs are maintained on swill feed with no additional feed cost. The study demonstrates the feasibility of similar integrated farms with significant production and economic potential
Impact of Gothan and Godhan Nyay Scheme on the Income of SHGs and Livestock Rearers of Chhattisgarh, India
No full textSelf-Help groups (SHGs) are informal associations of people who choose to come together to find ways to improve their living conditions and livelihoods, all voluntarily coming together to save small sums of money, on a regular basis. Gothan and Godhan Nyay Yojna of Chhattisgarh are the schemes based on providing profits to the women SHGs and livestock rearers through vermicompost business and selling cow dung respectively. The study aims to examine the performance of Gothan and Godhan Nyay Yojna through the objective of identify the socio-economic status of Self Help Group members and Livestock rearers and analyze the impact of Gothan and Godhan Nyay Yojna on the income of SHGs and livestock rearers. The present study was carried out in Bilaspur, Janjgir-Champa and Raigarh districts of Chhattisgarh with a sample size of 120 members from 12 SHGs and 240 livestock rearers registered under selected areas Gothan. Impact of income of the scheme on Model Gothan SHGs was higher (26 percent). The overall impact of scheme on income of selected self help groups were 21.5 per cent. Impact of scheme on the Income of livestock rearers under Model Gothan’s was highest (38 percent). The average impact of scheme on the selected livestock rearers was 30.5 per cent
Utilization of Information and Communication Technologies among Rural Women and Youth in Agriculture in Abia State, Nigeria
No full textThe study assessed the utilization of information and communication technologies (ICTs) among rural women and youth in agriculture in Abia State, Nigeria. Data were collected using a structured interview schedule by the researcher and other research assistants. Percentage, standard deviation, mean scores, pie-chart, factor analysis, and regression were used for data analysis and result presentation. Using the multistage sampling procedure, a sample size of one hundred and twenty respondents was purposefully selected. The study\u27s findings showed that GSM, radio, and television were the main ICTs that women and youth in the state used to obtain agricultural information from extension and relevant stakeholders. The regression analysis revealed a positive relationship between the number of times extension agents visited and their level of ICT use in agriculture. Findings indicated that a greater percentage (40%) of respondents were high users of ICTs in agriculture. Respondents cited low literacy, a lack of extension conviction, and training as major constraints to their use of ICTs. The implication is that policymakers and relevant stakeholders in agriculture should prioritize the development of training programs and interventions that improve the technology literacy and human capacity building of rural women and youth in the state through the use of existing agricultural extension programs on the effective use of ICTs in obtaining agricultural information for increased productivity, income, standard of living, and agricultural development in the state
An Overview of Dragon Fruit Cultivation in the Indian State of Andhra Pradesh
No full textDragon fruit is a wonderous fruit belonging to the Cactaceae family. This fruit is familiar as strawberry pear, pitaya, and pitahaya. It is indigenous to the country of South America but is extensively cultivated in Southeast Asian countries like Vietnam, China, and Singapore on a large scale [1]. It’s a very nutritious fruit that is fleshy inside and covered wi leathery skin with spike-like structures. These can be propagated via stem cuttings or vis seeds. We can grow this at home in a pot by shallow planting. If it is propagated via stem cuttings it grows a notable height vertically. So, it needs anchorage, and commonly cement poles are used for that purpose. They range from 160 to 240 rupees per kilogram in the Andhra market. It has the potential to develop high revenues for the farmers [2]. White fleshed variety is the most common commercial variety cultivated. Dragon fruit is used against type-II diabetes i.e., diabetes mellitus, prediabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, and obesity. Pitahaya contains anti-cancer properties. Its flowers are used in the brewing industry. The horticultural university of Andhra Pradesh (Dr. YSR Horticultural University) have been made several trials on it and has observed very successful fruit growth in the agency areas of Vishakhapatnam (Chintapalli and Lambasingi villages) [3]. The government should also implement new schemes for dragon fruit cultivators. The government can install cold storage and make proper transport facilities for the farmers
Do Post-harvest Losses Affect the Farmers’ Income? - Post-Harvest Loss Estimation for Major Vegetables in South India
No full textOver the last two decades, India’s food system with population surge has been undergoing a transformation with increase in demand for high value fruits and vegetables. However, farmers are not benefitted from these transitions as the post-harvest losses are fairly high due to poorly developed post-harvest management practices. The present study aims to estimate the nature and extent of losses and also analysed the determinants of post-harvest losses for major vegetables (gourds) in South India. Palakkad district of Kerala was chosen for the study as it contributes the most, for the state’s vegetable area and production. Multi-stage random sampling techniques were adopted and the vegetables selected were based on their annual production in the study area. The total loss observed in bitter gourd at farm level was about 12.46 percent (34.53 qtl/ha). At trader level, the physiological loss contributed to almost 45 percent of the total losses. Hence, the total loss in bitter gourd was observed to be 21.88 per cent. Likewise in snake gourd, the extent of losses at farm level was found to be 9 percent (26.1 qtl/ha), where the highest losses (4.74 percent) were due to biotic factors like pests and diseases prevailing in the study area. Therefore, the total loss estimated in snake gourd was 13.89 percent which included 4.89 percent loss at trader level. Regression analyses delineated that in bitter gourd, area under cultivation, unfavourable weather conditions, pests and diseases and use of packing materials like jute sacks and wooden baskets were found as major determinants for losses. Whereas, area under cultivation, experience in farming and prevailing pests and diseases in snake gourd were found to affect the volume of post-harvest losses at farm level. The study found that adoption of proper post-harvest handling practices by farmers would help minimizing the losses to a remarkable extent. Besides, analysis of farmers’ perception, brought out the fact that the farmers aware of losses incurred only to a limited extent
Index Development Perspective and Farmer’s Perception of Market-led Extension and Advisory Services by Producers Organization in India
No full textFarmers Producers Organization (FPO) are those collectives of primary producers of agriculture and allied sector. The motto of FPO was to mobilize the small and marginal farmers into producer groups so they could gain appropriate and real time market intelligence. The intelligence gained is expected to enhance their forward and backward market linkage and guide them to identify and utilize their space in the agricultural values chain. Herewith, the producers can get maximum possible returns for their produce subsequently, enhancing their farm income, and at the same time, boosts their ability to participate in the commercial markets. The FPOs could achieve this goal through balanced delivery of Market-led Extension and Advisory Services (MLE and AS) which include activities from delivery of production technologies to finding place in the global market. All these are possible through effective participation of FPO members at all stages and activities of FPO; leading the FPO to highly progressive and prosperous growth. For that to happen, it is important to have a measuring instrument for the perception of FPO members about Market-led Extension & Advisory Services (MLE and AS). In this study, a perception index of the FPO members (PIFM) was developed using the standardized procedures with nine dimensions: availability of products and services; appropriateness of products and services; adequacy of products and services; quality of products and services; timeliness of products and services; cost of products and services; responsiveness of the staffs in offering the products and services; usefulness of advisory services; and the content of advisory services consisting a total of 33 items. The validity of PIFM was validated using face and content validity. Consequently, reliability of the PIFM was also verified using Cronbach\u27s Alpha. Thus the study found that the PIFM reliability was 0.846(α)
Constraints and Suggestions Regarding Entrepreneurial Behavior of SHGs Member under National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) in Khanpur Block of Samastipur District in Bihar
No full textThe present study was undertaken to assess the constraints and suggestions regarding entrepreneurial behaviour of SHG members under the National Rural Livelihood Mission in Khanpur block of Samastipur district in Bihar during the year 2022. The data were collected through a pre-tested schedule from 120 respondents who were selected randomly. The collected data were tabulated, analysed, and interpreted with the help of appropriate statistical tools. The descriptive research design was followed for the current study. It was found that more than half of the respondents, i.e., 48.33 percent, were middle-aged, a large proportion of the members (83.33 percent) were literate, and in the case of size of family, the majority of respondents of small families (up to 4 members) (55.83% and 86.67%) had a nuclear family, and a higher percentage (40.00%) of the respondents had semi-cemented houses. The majority of the respondents depend on agriculture for their livelihood. The major constraints faced by the respondents were the low price of products (67.5%), ranked I, followed by a lack of knowledge about the market trend of SHG products (65.83%), ranked II. The major suggestions given by the respondents were the increase in the price of products (68.34%), ranked I, followed by organising various types of entrepreneurial development programmes (65.83%), ranked II
Forecasting of Arrival and Price of Groundnut in Rajasthan by ARIMA Model for Livelihood of Farmers
No full textThis paper studies the forecasting of arrival and price of groundnut at the APMC in Rajasthan. ARIMA models was used to model the time series data of arrival and price of groundnut at APMC from 2005 to 2021. Groundnut arrival was at its highest in the months of November, December, and January of the 2018–19 growing season, with 16.3%, 32.3%, and 33.6%, respectively. In the year 2019-20, the highest arrival of groundnuts was seen in October, November, and December with 28.08%, 29.79%, and 28.51% respectively. The best fitting model for the arrival of groundnut is ARIMA (1, 1, 1), and for price is ARIMA (2, 1, 1) with R-squared values of 0.931 and 0.852 respectively. The results indicate that the arrival of groundnut at APMC will increase from 1015.48 thousand metric tonnes in 2022 to 1180.68 thousand metric tonnes in 2026, while the price of groundnut will increase from Rs 5261.08/qtl in 2022 to Rs 6057.07/qtl in 2026. The results study provides valuable insights into the seasonal pattern of groundnut arrivals at APMCs and the forecasts can be used to make decisions about future supply and demand of the product to stakeholders and helps them plan for the future