Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology
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Pivotal Role of Drones in Agriculture – a Review
No full textIndian agriculture is currently undergoing a drastic drift towards mechanization and usage of modern-day Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools as a subsidiary to the mighty work carried over by the farmers in their respective fields to serve millions of people with food. Owing to the various efforts taken by agricultural scientists and scholars, the scope of Artificial Intelligence has also influenced agriculture and is finding solutions to the modern-day problems in agriculture such as labour scarcity, less productivity and other such consequences. One important component using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), popularly called Drones and their applications in agriculture. Even the union as well as the state governments of India are focussing on providing drones to the farmers as a part of fostering the concept of Sustainable Agriculture. This article reviews the various spheres where drones can be utilized and the statistics as well as the benefits of using drones in agriculture
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Unemployment in Province of Bali, Indonesia
No full textThe COVID-19 outbreak that hit the world and Indonesia in 2020, marked by a decrease in foreign tourist arrivals to Bali in 2020, continued in 2021, cause increasing unemployment in Bali. The research aim are (1) to analyze the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on disturbances in the province of Bali; (2) Analyzing the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on unemployment by regencies/cities in Bali Province. Sources of data are secondary sources namely the Central Statistics Agency of Bali Province and the Population and Employment Service of the Province of Bali and Regencies throughout Bali. The data analysis methods were descriptive statistics, before and after/on the Covid-19 pandemic, and qualitative descriptive methods. The results showed that (1) the Covid-19 pandemic had an impact on increasing unemployment in Bali Province by 106,150 people (321.80%), from 32,990 people in pre-Covid-19 (September 2019-February 2020) to 139,140 people at the peak of Covid-19 (March 2020-February 2021); (2) The Covid-19 pandemic had an impact on increasing unemployment in nine districts/cities of Bali Province. However, of the nine districts/cities that were affected, three regencies/cities in Bali\u27s tourism development centers, namely Badung, Gianyar and Denpasar. The novelty of the research is that the Covid-19 pandemic has an impact on increasing unemployment in Bali. The results of the study suggest that various social assistance and facilities have been provided by the government so that it is right for tge target recipients, the government needs to provide agricultural skills training and other facilities for workers who switch from tourism to agriculture
Application of Market Information System for Major Agricultural Commodities in Haryana (India)
No full textThe study on “Application of Market Information System of Major Agricultural Commodities in Haryana” was carried out in Karnal, Ambala, Mahendergarh, Bhiwani and Sirsa districts of Haryana, selected purposively based on the highest area under the major agricultural commodities. Two blocks from each district i.e., from Karnal (Karnal and Assandh), Ambala (Naraingarh and Sahazadpur), Mahendergarh (Mahendergarh and Kanina), Bhiwani (Siwani and Tosham) and Sirsa (Dabwali and Baragudha) were selected purposively. From each district, four regulated markets were selected based on maximum arrival i.e., Basmati Rice from Karnal (Karnal, Gharaunda, Assandh and Taraori), maize from Ambala (Sahazadpur, Mullana, Naraingarh and Ambala city), mustard from Mahendergarh (Mahendergarh, Ateli, Kanina and Narnaul), gram from Bhiwani (Siwani, Charkhi Dadri, Tosham and Bhiwani) and cotton from Sirsa (Dabwali, Ellenabad, Sirsa and Kalanwali) under the major agricultural commodities. The total sample size consisted of 300 farmers, 200 traders and 20 market committees were surveyed. Out of the expectations of farmers on quality, prices in potential markets, price projections; only arrivals and prices were documented and disseminated with traditional/modern approach. Forecasting of prices showed that the prices of Basmati rice, maize, mustard, gram, and cotton in Karnal, Ambala, Mahendergarh, Bhiwani and Sirsa districts, respectively were moving in same trend as predicted
Influence of Innovation Platform-based Learning on Farm- level Milk Losses among Smallholder Dairy Farmers in Mogotio Sub-county in Baringo County, Kenya
No full textSmallholder dairy farmers make up to 80% of total dairy producers and produce 56% of total milk in Kenya. Income from milk is the main source of their annual recurrent revenue. The critical point in the milk supply chain where improvements can contribute to increased income is through the reduction of farm-level milk losses. An innovation platform-based capacity building programme is a programme that brings together all relevant actors to assist in addressing the gaps left by the conventional government extension services when minimising farm level milk loss among smallholder dairy farmers in Mogotio sub-county. This study used a tailor-made capacity building model at Mogotio innovation platform on proper milking techniques that would make milk production economical. The study assessed the current milking practices of suckling, non-weaning and overall milk production during the lactation time through interactive learning sessions in the platform. The study was conducted in Mogotio Ward of Mogotio sub-county in Baringo County, Kenya. The target population consisted of 840 accessible smallholder dairy farmers and a purposive sample of 120 dairy farmers were involved in the baseline survey. A group of 30 farmers was selected to participate in focus group discussions. Farmers were selected for the end of project survey to determine the influence of the innovation-based capacity building programme. The interactive learning in the study assisted in broadening the knowledge base of farmers leading to improved milking techniques, high yields, more income, improved food security and hence improved livelihoods. The results from this study helped in enhancing capacity of smallholder dairy farmers and may inform policy in the dairy sector
Factors Affecting the Adoption of Blackgram Variety LBG-752 in Krishna District of Andhra Pradesh
No full textThe study was carried out to analyse the factors affecting the adoption of Blackgram variety LBG-752 in Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh. It specifically describes the determinants and the constraints by the farmers for adoption of Blackgram variety LBG-752. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 60 farmers for the study in Krishna district. Primary data were collected from the sampled farmers by using a well-structured questionnaire. Data were analysed by employing logistic regression and garret ranking technique. The logistic regression results showed that the farm size, size of the family, experience of the farmer and average annual farm income of the farmer were positively and significantly influenced the adoption of Blackgram variety LBG-752. On the other hand, age of the farmer was shown significant and negative influence on the adoption of Blackgram variety LBG-752. The garret ranking results revealed that the lack of knowledge to identify Blackgram varieties, lack of extension service and non- availability of required varieties during sowing period etc., were the major constraints faced by the farmers in the adoption of Blackgram variety LBG-752 in the study area
Establishment of Multi-Institutional Model for the Delivery of Livestock Technology Needs in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas of Kenya
No full textThis study was carried out in Isiolo and Kajiado counties. Livestock production and marketing have been hampered by the unavailability and accessibility to livestock technologies, and information sharing. The overall objective of this study was to assess a multi-institutional model for enhancing the uptake of livestock technologies in Isiolo and Kajiado counties. The key parameters assessed were priority livestock constraints; technology needs; stakeholder partnerships; and technology delivery platform. The data were collected from 451 households belonging to Kenya Climate Smart Agricultural Production KCSAP groups red meat value chain of pastoralists, Common Interest Groups and Most Vulnerable Groups (CIGs and VMGs) using semi-structured questionnaires, Focus group discussions with groups, key informant interviews with public and private sector actors.
The results showed that in both Kajiado and Isiolo Counties, priority livestock production constraints in Kajiado County in Dalalekutuk ward were diseases, lack of feeds, limited access to water and inadequate veterinary services, and in Isiolo County were lack of feeds, limited access to water and diseases. Priority livestock diseases in Kajiado, County, Dalalekutuk ward were, Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD), anthrax; contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) and cerebral coenurosis and enterotoxemia and cerebral coenurosis for the sheep. In Isiolo County, priority cattle diseases were FMD and trypanosomiasis,’ in the goats CCPP and cerebral coenurosis while in the sheep enterotoxemia and cerebral coenurosis. The reasons for persistent livestock production constraints were ranked and ranked as single organization interventions not sufficient to solve problems and lack of prioritization by stakeholders (water, pasture, diseases). The major livestock technology needs were: pasture, water, access to veterinary vaccines, capacity building of groups; training of para vets to support in the delivery of veterinary services; information sharing platform and market infrastructure. The multi-institutional technology exhibitions consisting of public and private sector actors were held in Kajiado and Isiolo Counties linking KCSAP pastoralist groups to technology and service providers. To enhance sharing of information, a mobile application(MITDP) was established linking CIGs and VMGs leaders with KALRO, KEVEVAPI, County Governments of Kajiado and Isiolo departments of livestock production and veterinary services; suppliers of drugs, vaccines and equipment; water technology suppliers; Agro-vets and Non-governmental organizations along the red meat value chain
The Level of Technology Utilization in the Dissemination of Market Information to Smallholder Vegetable Farmers of Vihiga County, Kenya
No full textAims: To investigate the level of information and communication technology used in the dissemination of market information to vegetable farmers of Vihiga County, Kenya.
Study Design: The study used a correlational research design to investigate the relationship between ICT tools and vegetable farmers concerning the dissemination of market information.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Agribusiness and Extension Management (ABE)- Operational, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, between March 2022 and August 2022.
Methodology: We included 568 smallholder vegetable farmers (356 women, 212 men; age range 18-50 years) with the ability to produce and sell vegetables in respective local markets. Cross-tabulation was administered to generate information about the association between the dependent and independent variables.
Results: The findings indicated the availability of ICT tools such as radios, TV, mobile phones, and cyber cafes in the county. However, the use of ICT in vegetable farming was found to be limited to Radio, with 135(49.1%) of the respondents reporting owning one. This limitation contributed to the absence of market information on other ICT platforms. Still, Chi-square analysis established that ICT use in the dissemination of market information was statistically significant at P-value=0.000, with a 5% level of significance.
Conclusion: There was a positive correlation between ICT use in the dissemination of market information, and improved returns from the sale
A Study on Brand Promotion of Hybrid Paddy in Koderma District of Jharkhand
No full textThis study was on brand promotion of hybrid paddy in Koderma district of Jharkhand. It was mainly focussed on positioning of Arize 6444 with respect to other hybrid paddies and to formulate a proper promotional strategy for enhancing the acceptability of Arize 6444. It was found that lots of providers were present who supplied hybrid seeds. Bayer, Nath Bio Genes, Syngenta, and Pioneer Corteva were the providers whose sales were in demand with other like Dhanya seeds, Sri Ram seeds, JK seeds, Kaveri seeds, Advanta India limited. As this study is on brand promotion, so, positioning of this product would be needed to evaluate. majority of sales of hybrid paddy varieties is from Pioneer Corteva company and the varieties name are 27P31 and 27P22 i.e. 3000 kg followed by the Bayer arize 6444 of sales 2500 kg. So that, it would be giving the path to analysis proper strategy and planning to executive the brand promotion by proper promotional strategy in front of the respondents. Three Main parameters Bayer can look up to create demand generation among major agro based companies are trust worthiness, product value, affordability
Potentials of Plantain Value Addition in Improving Rural Households’ Income in Ekiti State, Nigeria
No full textAim: This study examined the potential of value addition to Plantain in improving rural households’ income in Ekiti State, Nigeria. The study investigated the socio-economic variables of plantain processors, identified the value-added products, factors influencing plantain value addition, the profitability and the overall contributions of value addition of Plantain to rural households’ income.
Methodology: A multi-stage sampling technique was used coupled with a well-structured questionnaire to elicit information from 120 respondents. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Relative Importance Index, and partial farm budget analysis.
Results: The study revealed that plantain processors were mainly middle-aged (mean age-42 years), primarily female (83%), educated, and married (78 per cent), with a mean household size of 6 people. The most common forms of value added to Plantain are chips, flour, roasted Plantain (boli), fried Plantain (dodo), and flakes. In order of their relative importance index, the motivating factors for value addition to Plantain are unemployment, peer influence, regular income, drive for self-employment, social relevance, self-accomplishments and satisfaction. The study revealed the average total variable cost of ₦148,200.00; for plantain chips, ₦99,050.00 for fried Plantain, ₦82,000.00 for plantain flour and ₦55,600.00 for roasted Plantain. The total revenue of ₦205,000.00 for plantain chips, ₦151,600.00 for fried Plantain, ₦92,000.00 for plantain flour and ₦60,000.00 for roasted Plantain. The Net profit of ₦96,100.00 for plantain chips, ₦91,850.00 for fried Plantain, ₦37,000.00 for plantain flour and ₦14,900.00 for roasted Plantain. The Rate of returns for plantain chips is 0.65, followed by 0.93 for fried Plantain, 0.45 for plantain flour and 0.27 for roasted Plantain. These indicate that for every N1.00 invested in Plantain value-added products, 65 kobo, 93 kobo, 45 kobo and 27 kobo are gained for plantain chips, fried Plantain, plantain flour and roasted Plantain, respectively. The cost-benefit ratio is 1.38, 1.53, 1.12, and 1.08 for plantain chips, fried Plantain, plantain flour and roasted Plantain, respectively.
Conclusion: Plantain production is a profitable enterprise with small capital investment and its value addition contributes significantly to household income in Ekiti State
Knowledge and Adoption of the Respondent about the Livestock Insurance Scheme
No full textThe present investigation was conducted in Dhariwal block of Gurdaspur district, Punjab. One hundred twenty respondents were selected purposively from 5 villages. The primary data were gathered by the researcher itself through pre-structured interview schedule. Appropriate statistical tools were used to interpret the collected data to draw logical conclusion. The finding inferred that the majority of respondents having low level of adoption towards livestock insurance scheme. And also, it was observed that most of the respondents had medium level of knowledge towards livestock insurance scheme. And age, education, family type, type of house, land holding, occupation, source of information, extension contact and personnel cosmopolite were observed positive and significant correlation with their knowledge level. And age, education, family type, family size, land holding, occupation, annual income, source of information, extension contact, personnel cosmopolite were observed positive and significant co-relation with their adoption level