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Investigating Determinants Affecting the Adoption of Contemporary Contraceptive Methods: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Adolescent Utilization in the Nabdan District, Upper East Region, Ghana
No full textIntroduction: Promoting the use of contraception among adolescents is essential to improving their sexual and reproductive health. Teenage pregnancies are becoming more common, and the Nabdam area continues to have low rates of use of contemporary contraceptive methods. These facts highlight the urgent need to address the needs of adolescents concerning their sexual and reproductive health. This study aims to investigate the factors impacting the Upper East Region of Ghana\u27s Nabdam District\u27s adoption of contemporary contraceptive methods.
Methods: 261 older teenage girls from the Nabdam district, ages 15 to 19, were included in the study, which used a quantitative technique and a descriptive cross-sectional design. Respondents were chosen using a multiphase sample technique, and data were collected over the course of 10 working days using a standardized survey form. STATA Version 14 was utilized for data analysis. A significance criterion of p < 0.05 was applied to bivariate and logistic regression models to investigate any correlations between independent factors and outcome variables.
Results: 52.1% of respondents said they have had their first sexual experience before turning 20. The oldest stated age at first sex was 19 years old, while the youngest was 10 years old. Additionally, 97.8% of respondents reported learning about contemporary contraception via a variety of sources, such as peers, instructors, health professionals, and radio media. Even with this knowledge, 48.7% of respondents thought using a contraceptive technique would provide 100% protection against getting pregnant, while 73.6% of respondents had never used any kind of birth control. Age (p< 0.001), educational attainment (p< 0.001), marital status (p< 0.001), peer influence (p< 0.001), place of residence (p< 0.001), religious affiliation (p< 0.018), consent from a sexual partner (p< 0.001), positive attitudes from healthcare providers (p < 0.001), and the availability of contraceptives (p < 0.001) were discovered to be linked to the usage of modern contraceptives.
Conclusion: Although a sizable percentage of respondents showed awareness of contemporary contraceptive methods, low modern contraceptive usage was significantly correlated with several factors, including age, marital status, educational attainment, peer influence, partner consent, and the unfavorable attitudes of healthcare professionals. To tackle this problem, a community-based strategy emphasizing the advancement of enabling elements and the removal of obstacles is required. The Ghana Health Service could enhance its School Health Education Program (SHEP) by increasing informational sessions, organizing theatrical productions and debates, and recruiting peer educators as invaluable resources to share experiences and instruct their peers on sexuality, reproductive health issues, and the use of modern contraceptive
Exploring the Characteristics and Applications of Eucheuma Cottonii Seaweed Flour in Crepe Production
No full textThese days, people eat to focus on their hunger, meet their nutritional needs, and lower their risk of illness. People are conscious of nutritional facts. Individuals are beginning to read the ingredients listed on every food product they purchase and see if it\u27s good for their health. A wide range of food products that compromise diet benefits and health and provide basic nourishment has been developed in response to public demand. Until now, very little research has been done on substituting Eucheuma cottonii (E. cottonii) powder for wheat flour to make crepes. Crepe is a dessert that is filled with many kinds of mixtures. Seaweed has a relatively high nutritional fiber content and is high in carbohydrates. Seaweed\u27s economic and practical worth can be raised by turning Eucheuma cottonii seaweed into flour to substitute wheat flour for crepe.
Consequently, the current study\u27s objectives were to create a seaweed crepe recipe using powdered seaweed and assess the effects of E. cottonii powder on the physical and chemical qualities of biscuits, such as their texture profile, proximate analysis, sensory attributes, and physical characteristics. The same ingredients used in preparing homemade crepes were also used in the seaweed crepe recipe. Nevertheless, more of Eucheuma cottonii (E. cottonii varies the ingredients\u27 amount and ratio, including cottony seaweed powder. Significant changes were made to the physicochemical properties of the crepe formulation by adding powdered seaweed. Adding seaweed flour to the crepe\u27s recipe also impacted the crepe\u27s appearance, taste, consistency, sweetness, and aroma. This study aims to investigate the culinary potential of seaweed flour and offer a nutrient-rich substitute for regular crepe flour
From Green Vision to Market Reality: Exploring Sustainable Initiatives and Challenges in India
No full textIn the era of globalization and heightened environmental awareness, the relevance of green marketing has surged in India. This exploratory study investigates the evolution and significance of green marketing, shedding light on its golden rules and integration into the marketing mix. Emphasizing the imperative for sustainable green marketing, the study explores its objectives and delves into challenges faced by Indian companies. Recent data underscores the profitability of green marketing, propelled by consumer demand. A scrutiny of the Indian corporate sector reveals noteworthy green initiatives by key players such as H.C.L., O.N.G.C., Kansai Nerolac, Wipro, I.T.C., Tata, and Godrej. Challenges encountered include conveying new environmental concepts, managing costs, and gaining stakeholder cooperation. The study advocates aligning marketing practices with environmental considerations for holistic, eco-friendly approaches fostering sustainable growth in both business and the environment
Level of Education, Marital Longevity and Religion as Determinants of Marital Stability among Couples in Tamale Metropolis, Ghana
No full textThe study was a descriptive survey aimed at investigating couples’ level of education, marital longevity and religion as determinants of marital stability among couples in the Tamale Metropolis. The population of the study were married couples drawn from the Metropolis who have been married for 1-25 years and could read and understand. A sample of 381married couples aged between 30 to 50 years were drawn from the region using stratified random sampling. A questionnaire was use to gather data for the study. Quantitative data was analysed by using one-way ANOVA. Hypothesis one revealed a statistically significant differences in marital stability of couples based on their level of education. Hypothesis two revealed a statistically significant differences in the length of marriage and marital stability of couples. For hypothesis 3, it was revealed that there is a statistically significant differences in marital stability among couples based on their religion. It was concluded that married couples’ levels of education, how long they have been married and couples’ religion were key determinants of marital stability among couples. It is therefore recommended that couples intending to marry should have some level of education to be effectively resolve conflicts during marriage. Also, couples should be educated on the need to stay longer in marriage despites conflicts and misunderstandings and adherence to religious practices, values and teachings on marriage should be adhered to
Advancements in the Analysis of Sobolev Spaces and Function Spaces on Manifolds: Theoretical Framework and Applications
No full textThis research paper delves into Sobolev spaces and function spaces on smooth manifolds, revealing fundamental theorems such as existence, embeddings, and compactness properties. Noteworthy results include the Poincare inequality elucidating function behavior on compact manifolds and compactness properties of Sobolev spaces on Riemannian manifolds. The study establishes trace theorems for functions on the boundary and interpolation results between Sobolev spaces. Isoperimetric inequalities and stability under weak convergence contribute to a holistic understanding of geometric and analytical aspects of Sobolev spaces. The research concludes by exploring invariance under diffeomorphisms and compactness in dual spaces, providing a unified framework for analyzing function spaces on manifolds
Glaucoma Screening among Relatives of Glaucoma Patients in Anambra State, Nigeria
No full textAim: To determine the awareness, attitude, and practice of glaucoma screening among adult first degree relatives of glaucoma patients in Anambra State, Nigeria.
Study Design: A prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional survey.
Place of Study: Eye clinics and community eye care out-reaches that offer primary, secondary, and tertiary eye care services to people within Anambra state, Nigeria.
Methods: A pretested, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information such as sociodemographic data, awareness and knowledge of glaucoma and the frequency of practice of glaucoma screening. These were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi square test and logistic regression) where applicable. Level of significance was set at a p-value <0.05.
Results: A total of 186 first degree relatives (FDRs) of glaucoma patients participated, 120 (59.1%) were females, M: F = 1:1.4 and a mean age 43.87 years ± 14.62 SD. Almost half had a secondary level of education and were traders.
Majority (83.9%) and 39.8% had heard of glaucoma and glaucoma screening respectively in the past. However, only 23.7% had been screened for glaucoma. The main reasons respondents gave why they did not screen for glaucoma include \u27not necessary\u27, \u27no time\u27 and \u27 not affordable. There was a significant negative relationship between unemployment and poor glaucoma screening practice p=0.007.
Conclusion: This study showed a generally poor knowledge, attitude and practices towards glaucoma screening in the study population. Stakeholders need to intensify efforts to make people understand glaucoma risk factors and appreciate the need to have glaucoma screening in their environments
Effects of Ascorbic Acid, Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia) along with Various Bedding Materials on Japanese Quail Egg Quality Attributes
No full textThe study investigated the effects of giloy (Tinospora cordifolia) and ascorbic acid supplementation along with different bedding materials (sand B1, saw dust B2 and wheat straw B3) on egg shell quality of Japanese quails. A total of 432 chicks (7 day-old) of Japanese quails were divided into three equal groups (144 each) for different bedding material used and each group was further subdivided into four groups (each of 36 chicks) on the basis of dietary treatment (control T0, giloy T1, ascorbic acid T2 and combination of both T3). The current study was carried out at the Poultry unit, Livestock Farm Complex, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Bikaner, for 24 weeks, from October 2020 to April 2021. As a result, the birds were evenly and randomly allocated into 12 treatment groups total, with 36 birds in each group. Each group was then further split into two replicates, each with 18 birds. The quails were given three different diets: a basal diet (control, T0), one supplemented with giloy 5 g/kg, another with ascorbic acid 240 mg/kg, and a combination of both in dietary treatment groups T1, T2, and T3, respectively. There was a highly significant (p<0.01) impact of adding nutrients and using different bedding materials on the Japanese quail\u27s egg shell thickness and weight. Egg shell weight and thickness were greater in the sawdust bedding material group in the current experiment. It was discovered that there was no significant interaction on these features between nutritional supplements and various bedding materials
Impact of Heat Treatment on Consistency Coefficient of Dairy Cream
No full textThe experiment aimed to collect consistency coefficient data for dairy cream subjected to various heat treatments and subsequent temperature variations. Each sample of dairy cream with fat content of 10%, 20%, 30% 40%, 50% & 60% was subjected to different heat treatments i.e., 80°C/No hold, 85°C/No hold, 90°C/No hold & 95C°/No hold. The consistency of such heat-treated samples was evaluated at every 10°C upon cooling from 80°C or 70°C as the case may be till 10°C at 250 S-1 shear rate using rheometer. At a specified measurement temperature, the fat content of cream exhibited a notable (p<0.05) impact on the consistency coefficient. However, the heat treatment applied to the cream and their interaction displayed no significant (p>0.05) variation in the consistency coefficient. Both the fat content of the cream and the heat treatment demonstrated a positive correlation with the consistency coefficient, whereas the measurement temperature showed a negative correlation. These data are useful to dairy equipment designer for selection of proper sizing of equipment
First Report of Alaria spp. in Domestic Feline in Southern Brazil
No full textAlaria spp. are trematodes that have a heteroxenous life cycle, requiring two intermediate hosts and several paratenic and definitive hosts. Alaria alata is considered a potential cause of disease in humans and is included among several emerging zoonotic parasites. It is the etiological agent of alariosis, which is associated with the consumption of raw or undercooked meat from intermediate (snails, frogs) or paratenic (mainly game) hosts of the parasite. This work aimed to report the first case of alariosis in a domestic feline in southern Brazil. The patient in this report was an adult male feline of no defined breed, who a few days after being adopted, began to present loose stools, which progressed to diarrhea, and some episodes of vomiting were also reported. The definitive diagnosis was obtained from coproparasitological examination, using the Hoffman, Pons, and Janer technique (spontaneous sedimentation), where Alaria spp. eggs were observed. Following the diagnosis, treatment with praziquantel (20mg/kg) was instituted for two consecutive days, as well as supportive therapy. At the end of the treatment, a new coproparasitological examination was carried out, which confirmed the effectiveness of the treatment. This report suggests, the importance of researching and reporting cases involving the trematode Alaria spp. becomes evident, as it represents not only a health problem for domestic animals but also a public health problem due to its zoonotic potential
A Review of Seismic Performance of Infill Wall Frame Structures under Flexible Connections
No full textWith the continuous improvement of seismic-resistant technology and the development of social and economic level, the research on seismic performance of infill wall frame structure has been deepened, and the flexible connection between walls and frames has been gradually emphasized. The purpose of this paper is to systematically elaborate the experimental research and finite element analysis method research on the seismic performance of infill wall frame structure under flexible connection according to the research results of scholars from various countries, point out the key technical problems that need to be solved in the research process of the seismic performance of infill wall frame structure under flexible connection, and put forward the outlook of the future research