eKhSACIR інституційному репозитарії Харківської державної академії культури
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Response to selection on mastitis resistance and body reserve mobilization in Holstein and Normande breeds
No full textInternational audienceA divergent selection experiment on mastitis resistance of Holstein and Normande cows was carried out at Le Pin, the INRA experimental farm. Two lines, one resistant to mastitis and one control, were produced by using bulls with contrasted breeding values for a combination of somatic cell score (SCS) and clinical mastitis (CM). In Holstein, the same population was also split into two groups diverging for body condition score (BCS) and obtained by selecting the sires on their BCS breeding values. This paper presents the first results on the observed differences between lines based on data of 268 cows. Overall differences in SCS, CM, infectious status (assessed by bacteriological PCR tests) and BCS were in agreement with genomic predictions. Within-breed differences were similar, but sometimes not significant for udder health traits. These cows support extensive phenotyping for explanatory traits to explain the biological pathways involved in these differences
Multidisciplinary approaches to livestock production
No full textInternational audienceLivestock production is an essential component of a sustainable food supply. The dimensions of sustainability combined with the complexity of biology call for multidisciplinary approaches to assess the functioning of (components of) livestock production systems. Horizon 2020 projects such as Saphir and Feed-a-Gene are funded by the European Commission and have a multidisciplinary approach towards livestock production (e.g. nutrition and genetics, genetics and health, novel management strategies and socio-economic aspects). The objective of this session is to address and discuss the challenges and opportunities in multidisciplinary research in livestock production. As there is no ‘one-size-fits-all’ solution, how can different actors and stakeholders make collectively best use of (disciplinary) knowledge and levers to make livestock production more sustainable
How does sulfur deficiency modulate pea response to water stress ? Impact on early developing and mature seeds
No full textprod 2018-331b BAP GEAPSI INRA DOCTInternational audienc
Mixed grazing systems with horses and cattle: an alternative to control nematode infection
No full textSession 9: Nutritional management of health and welfareNational audienc
Co-conception des critères de sélection variétale des légumineuses à graines
No full textProd 2018-220p BAP GEAPSI INRANational audienc
Deciphering variations of phloem and xylem sap metabolite profiles in response to N availability in Arabidopsis accessions
No full textInternational audienc
GWAS on whole genome sequences for cheese-making traits and milk composition in Montbéliarde cows
No full textInternational audienc
Brachypodium distachyon, a useful system for functional gene analysis in monocots
No full textInternational audienc
Conservation and usage of chestnut diversity : a case study of partnership research
No full textNational audienc
The contribution of ectomycorrhizal fungi to litter decomposition may imply synergistic controls of above- and belowground vegetation on soil CO2 emissions
No full textInternational audienceThe stimulation of vegetation productivity in response to rising atmospheric CO 2 concentrations can potentially compensate climate change feedbacks. Vegetation and soil C storage will be however limited by nutrient availabil- ity, the allocation of C resources of vegetation into aboveground biomass versus roots and on the feedbacks with soil microorganisms. Plants can modulate the amount of carbon that is allocated to above- versus belowground in response to changing atmospheric CO 2 concentrations, with a consequent alteration of productivity and of the litter and rhizosphere inputs to the soil. Recent studies have highlighted the crucial role of mycorrhizal fungi on the response of vegetation productivity to rising CO 2 concentrations. We hypothesize that mycorrhiza can also play a key role on litter decomposition for N acquisition, therefore affecting CO 2 emissions and the amount C sequestered into the soil. In order to test this hypothesis, different levels of litter addition were implemented on trenched (root exclusion) and non-trenched plots (with roots) in a temperate deciduous forest of ectomycorrhiza-associated species (beech and oak). Soil CO 2 fluxes were continuously measured at high temporal resolution with automatic chambers, whereas the spatial and seasonal variability was determined using portable chambers. The composition of saprobiotic and symbiotic fungal communities were determined in each treatment after 2 years, as well as the changes in soil C and N stocks. Soil CO 2 effluxes showed a synergistic interaction between the increased litter inputs and the presence of roots, where the carbon mineralized in response to litter addition was much higher in the non-trenched plots. DNI sequencing of fungal communities confirmed that trenching succeeded in suppressing virtually all ectomycor- rhizas. Litter manipulation (exclusion, control, doubled addition) showed a linear relationship with ectomycorrizal (ECM) strains of divergent exploration types, where the litter exclusion treatment was dominated by ECM of short exploration types and long exploration ECM types dominate at double litter. These results together suggest that long exploration types of ECM may contribute to litter decomposition for N and/or other nutrients, thus enhancing CO 2 fluxes and N acquisition by plants. Therefore, the association of plants with ectomycorrhizal fungi not only may determine the productivity responses to rising atmospheric CO 2 concentrations, but also the rates of litter decomposition and N cycling