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Effect Of Non-core Business Investments On Financial Performance Of Deposit-taking Saving And Credit Co-operative Societies In Kenya
Get PDFThe concept of portfolio diversification has taken a global center stage in the process of
determining the financial performance of investment companies and continues to be an
increasingly important aspect of investment decisions in the world today. The environment in
which SACCOs in Kenya operate is ever changing and continually presents opportunities and
challenges which has seen a number of making losses. This study sought to establish the effect of
non-core business investments on the financial performance of deposit-taking SACCOs in
Kenya. The study specifically sought to determine the influence of investment in FOSA
products, investment in treasury bills, investment in shares, real estate investment, and fixed
deposits investment on financial performance of deposit-taking SACCOs in Kenya. The study
was guided by agency theory, resource-based theory, pecking order theory, the neoclassical
theory of investment, and the Q theory of investment. This study adopted a descriptive research
design. The target population of this study was 174-deposit-taking SACCOs in Kenya.
Secondary data collected was analyzed using correlation analysis, descriptive statistics and panel
data regression analysis. The study established that investment in FOSA products, treasury bills,
shares, real estate and fixed deposits have a significant effect on financial performance of
deposit-taking SACCOs in Kenya. The study concluded that investing in stocks provides
attractive long-term returns. Investment in real estate allows an organization to benefit from tax
advantages and gain cash flow because the monthly income generated by rental properties can
offset investors' expenses and return money to the organization. FOSA products improve
financial performance by mobilizing savings. They accomplish this through various accounts that
can be opened based on the SACCO members’ qualifications. The best investment portfolio for
maximizing returns is a fixed deposit and when compared to a regular savings account, financial
institutions offer competitive interest rates on fixed deposits, which may help compensate for the
annual inflation rate. Treasury bills are a safe, short-term investment that provides an
organization with returns after a relatively short period of time. The study recommended that
investors who decide to invest in stocks should consider the long term, which means a 3-5 year
time frame to maximize their investment. Deposit-taking SACCOs can invest in rental properties
to generate regular income and capital appreciation while maximizing capital through leverage.
Deposit taking SACCOs in Kenya should work on saving mobilization techniques for FOSA
products in order to provide more information to current and potential members. They should
develop and put in place revenue optimization systems. Deposit taking SACCOs should invest in
short-term fixed deposits, and as short- to medium-term interest rates rise, the SACCO may
begin to increase the duration of the Fixed Deposit to match. Contrast bank fixed deposits with
corporate fixed deposits. The deposit taking SACCOs can buy short-term Treasury bills on
Treasury Direct, the U.S. government's portal for buying U.S. Treasuries. Short-term Treasury
bills can also be bought and sold through a bank or broker
Firm Characteristics And Financial Intermediation Efficiency Of Commercial Banks Listed At The Nairobi Stock Exchange In Kenya
Get PDFCommercial banks play an integral role in the financial intermediation. Financial
intermediation is defined as the process through which commercial banks connect savers and
borrowers. The efficiency and stability of commercial banks are regarded integral in the
stability and eventual growth of the economy. Firm characteristics of commercial banks refer
to those attributes that are largely determined by the management and the other organizational
stakeholders including the employees. These variables are integral in the determination of the
financial stability of commercial banks. However, there are various instances that have
depicted the Kenyan banking sector sometimes unstable as well as inefficient especially
following recent collapse of the Imperial bank and Chase bank. This study focused on the firm
characteristics and their influence on the financial intermediation efficiency of commercial
banks listed at the Nairobi stock exchange. A descriptive research design was adopted. Data
was collected from consolidated reports for years 2017 to 2021. Data analysis was done
through descriptive statistics and inferential statistical analysis including correlation and
regression analysis. STATA and E-Views were used to incorporate the data forming the pooled
model. Output from the data analysis were presented through tables, figures, and graphs. There
was positive and not significant effect of capital adequacy on financial intermediation
efficiency of listed commercial banks in Kenya. Further, operating efficiency and asset quality
has inverse and not significant effect on financial intermediation of listed commercial banks.
Moreover, there was an inverse and significant effect of liquidity on financial intermediation
efficiency of listed commercial banks in Kenya. Based on the findings it can be concluded that
increase in capital adequacy increases financial intermediation efficiency of listed commercial
banks in Kenya. An inverse contribution of asset quality on financial intermediation efficiency
we can conclude that an increased level of non-performing loans decreases financial
intermediation efficiency. Further, there is a negative co-movement between liquidity and
financial intermediation of listed commercial banks in Kenya. Moreover, an increase in
outcomes with increase in level of financial intermediation efficiency of respective listed
commercial banks in Kenya. From the findings it was recommended that the management
approach ought to have vale chain design by incorporating the value benefit from respective
firm characteristics. Financial services provision should be anchored on measures aim at
precipitating demand for financial services in the target market niche. Moreover, commercial
banks should stimulate demand for deposit and credit through linking deficit and surplus saving
customers. Furthermore, banks should adopt data mining approaches so as to eradicate spillage
of resources and optimize intermediation efficiency
Analysis Of The Nexus Between Political And Economic Transitions In Nigeria
Get PDFThe Nigerian society has historically come a long way from the colonial to post-independence eras. Moreover, major concerns of Nigerian governments are to achieve socioeconomic and political progress of the people. Towards achieving these goals, Nigeria has designed, developed, adopted and executed numerous policies and programme aimed at political democratization and economic liberalization. Adopting qualitative research approach to mainstream the political and economic transitions in Nigeria using documentary data from literature, reports, records etc., this study revealed that political instability and people’s participation in governance through effective democratic means were cynosure of government and administrations in the political transition while employment creation and poverty eradication have featured prominently in all the economic plans and programmes by successive governments in Nigeria’s economic transition. The study recommended deepening political democratization, political stability, guided economic liberalization policies and programmes and transparent fiscal federalism toward attainment of her political and economic aspirations
Art-Based Intervention in Determining the Quality of Life of Children with Autism and Their Parents in the Context of Educational Services in Kenya
No full textThis article's major goal is to describe art-based interventions in the context of educational services in order to improve the Quality of Life (QoL) of children with autism (CWA) and their parents. A complete electronic database search was conducted for the article, which focuses on art-based intervention and the Quality of Life (QoL) of children with autism (CWA) and their parents. The systematic literature review of studies was be based on a) studies that incorporate various art-based interventions used to teach CWA. b) research that looks at the impact of an art-based intervention on CWAs' quality of life. Five papers were assessed because they met the requirements. According to the systematic literature review's findings, several art-based interventions were utilized to teach CWA. Art-based therapies are the best predictor of developmental domains like sensory integration and executive functioning, which are important for CWA and their parents' QoL. Systematic literature review research in Kenya revealed that very little is known regarding art-based intervention and quality of life. According to the article, a wider focus on a comprehensive review of CWA QoL in Africa would be beneficial
Predicting Employability of Congolese Information Technology Graduates Using Contextual Factors: Towards Sustainable Employability
No full textPredicting employability in an unstable developing country requires the use of contextual factors as predictors and a suitable machine learning model capable of generalization. This study has discovered that parental financial stability, sociopolitical, relationship, academic, and strategic factors are the factors that can contextually predict the employability of information technology (IT) graduates in the democratic republic of Congo (DRC). A deep stacking predictive model was constructed using five different multilayer perceptron (MLP) sub models. The deep stacking model measured good performance (80% accuracy, 0.81 precision, 0.80 recall, 0.77 f1-score). All the individual models could not reach these performances with all the evaluation metrics used. Therefore, deep stacking was revealed to be the most suitable method for building a generalizable model to predict employability of IT graduates in the DRC. The authors estimate that the discovery of these contextual factors that predict IT graduates’ employability will help the DRC and other similar governments to develop strategies that mitigate unemployment, an important milestone to achievement of target 8.6 of the sustainable development goals
Effect Of Employee Retention Strategies On Performance Of Fast-moving Consumer Goods (FMCGs) Manufacturers In Nairobi, Kenya
Get PDFGood retention strategies have been said to lead to improved performance of an
organization. the employee retention strategy program of a company therefore should help it in the
realization of its corporate strategy for performance improvement. Notwithstanding the widely
appreciated effect that strategies of employee retention have on organizational and employee
performance, many organizations have not been able to put them in place. The education overall
goal was to determine how employee retention strategies affect performance of fast-moving
consumer goods (FMCGs) manufacturers in Nairobi, Kenya. The following were the specific
objectives; to determine the effect of career advancement, financial compensation, recruitment and
working Condition on performance of fast-moving consumer goods (FMCGs) manufacturers in
Nairobi. The theories informing the study included; herzberg’s two factor theory, equity theory
and theory of work adjustment. This research adopted mixed both the qualitative and quantitative
research design. Therefore, the target population was 51 fast moving good companies in the county
of Nairobi. Census approach was applied in the research. All the 51human resource and operations
managers of FMCGs was therefore included the study. Primary data was used by the study. The
polls were managed by the specialist to willing respondents to acquire data for the exploration.
Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) computer software was used. Descriptive and
inferential statistics were used. Outcomes displayed that there was a positive and critical
connection amongst career advancement and performance of fast-moving consumer goods
(FMCGs) manufacturers. Further, there was a positive and critical connection amongst financial
compensation and performance of FMCGs. In addition, there was a positive and critical connection
amongst recruitment process and performance of FMCGs. Additionally, there was a critical
connection amongst working condition and performance of FMCGs. The study concluded that
grant and are accessible for all employees to all workers in the FMCGs firms. In addition, the study
concluded that most FMCGs firms in Kenya have scholarships for their employee. The study also
concluded that there was a and critical connection amongst financial compensation and
performance of FMCGs. Further, most applicants in the FMCGs organization are completely
educated with regards to the capabilities needed for the work prior to being recruited. The
researcher proposes relevant endorsement mentioning info from investigation outcomes in line
with specific objectives of the research. The research therefore recommends that representative
maintenance rehearses that the review completed be embraced to further develop execution of the
organizations in the FMCGs as well as the whole manufacturing sector
Effect Of Innovative Strategies On The Performance Of Small And Medium Enterprises In Nairobi County, Kenya
Get PDFIn a “progressively challenging environment, innovation is extensively considered as the most vital
source of competitiveness, because it creates a constant improvement that assists the organizations
to endure, it leads to product and process enhancements, be more efficient. Innovation is often a
necessity for organizations with strictly limited funds and resources yet are trying to remain
profitable and competitive. Therefore, this study sought to establish the influence innovation
strategies on performance of small and medium enterprises in Nairobi City County. The specific
objectives are to determine the effect of product innovation, service innovation, marketing
innovation and process innovation on organizational performance in SMEs. Theories informing
the study include diffusion innovation theory, resource based view theory and Technology
Acceptance Theory. The study used a descriptive research design. A total of 398 Small and
Medium Enterprises was used where the enterprise owners was used as the respondents. Primary
data was collected through the administration of the questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential
statistics analysis was conducted. A regression model was used to determine the effect of
innovation strategies on performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Nairobi County. The
regression of coefficients results show that product innovation and organizational performance of
SMEs is positively and significantly related. The results further indicated that service innovation
and organizational performance of SMEs is positively and significantly related. The results further
indicated that marketing innovation and organizational performance of SMEs is positively and
significantly related. Lastly, results showed that process innovation and organizational
performance of SMEs is positively and significantly related. The study concluded that that
innovation strategies positively influences performance of SMEs in Kenya. The study recommends
that the SMEs should invest in innovative technology so as to survive intense competition currently
experienced in the SMEs. Further the study recommends that the SMEs should continuously
produce new products and re-engineer existing products so as to prolong the product life cycle.
Further, the study recommends that the SMEs should design an innovative marketing strategy that
makes customers feel a part of the enterprise through social responsibility and promotions. The
study recommended that the SMEs should invest in bench-marking with the technology in the
industry.
A Model For Evaluating The Efficacy Of E-learning In Higher Educational Institutions Using Educational Data Mining
Get PDFEducational Data Mining (EDM) and Learning Analytics (LA) play a key role in developing
methods for discovering student learning patterns and behaviors by interrogating this robust set of
data now available in learning environments. The main objective of this study is to develop a
model for evaluating efficacy of eLearning at Higher Educational Institutions (HEI’s). To measure
the efficacy of eLearning, data on student activity within eLearning LMS and student academic
performance is analyzed. In this study, Orange data mining tool is used for the analysis of the data.
Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, Decision Tree, Nave Bayes, Logistic Regression, and
Neural Network are among the categorization techniques provided within Orange. These
classifiers are compared based on their accuracy. The selected classifiers are evaluated against a
k-fold cross validation, accuracy, precision, recall, and F-score. According to the empirical
findings, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm was the best data mining model for
estimating students' academic achievement
Effect Of Corporate Governance On Earnings Management Of Companies Listed In The Nairobi Securities Exchange
Get PDFFor many years, earnings management has become a major issue of policy makers and
practitioners because it compromises integrity of financial statements and manipulates
financial statement consumers by supplying them with misleading facts about the actual
operating results of a business. Due to its importance to nations' economic growth and
progress, corporate governance has also set off to be a topical subject. Poor institutional
management is a big factor for even well performing firms to collapse. A claim has been
made time and again that every corporate entity's governance system influences the
capacity of the organization to adapt to external forces that have some effect on its
performance. The key goal this study was to examine the effect of corporate governance
on the earnings management of Nairobi Stock Exchange listed firms. The study was
specifically guided by the following objectives; to establish the effect of board gender
diversity, ownership structure, board independence and audit committee on the earnings
management of companies listed at NSE. The finding of this study will benefit investors
and financial institutions on the variables that influence share prices and provide better
financial guidance on earning management. For the purpose of this study, descriptive
research design was adopted. The study targeted sixty-two (62) firms listed at the NSE by
the end of year 2021 using census. Secondary data was obtained from NSE published
financial report for all firms targeted. The study covered a period of 5 years starting from
year 2017-2021. Diagnostic post estimation tests that were analyzed included normality
tests, multicollinearity tests, autocorrelation tests, heteroskedasticity tests and unit root
tests. The data was analyzed using STATA. The findings of the study indicated that board
gender diversity, ownership structure, board independence and audit committee all have a
positive a significant relationship with the earnings management of the companies listed
at the NSE. The study recommends that two-third gender rule should be observed,
privately owned business companies provide better results, at least one of the company
directors should also be nominated to be a board member and the involvement of a
completely independent audit committee in the management of the operations of the
company
Perceived Determinants Of Climate Financing In Kenya
Get PDFClimate change is causing increasing worry worldwide, regionally, especially in Kenya.
The government's budgetary allotment has consistently been insufficient, forcing the use
of alternative funding sources. Dealing with climate change by developing countries is
difficulty due to low-income levels far below those of developed countries; this has posed
a challenge in financing climate change initiatives in this region. Climate financing
initiatives and global participation is key to provide funding to address climate change
hazards globally. The major goal of this research was to examine the factors that influence
climate finance in Kenya. The study was guided by three particular objectives, which was
as follows; explore how media influences climate financing in Kenya, determine the
influence of capital strength on climate financing decisions in Kenya, examine the
influence of politics on climate financing decisions in Kenya. The theories on which the
study was based on include Agenda setting theory, signaling theory and capital structure
and stakeholders’ theory. Additionally, descriptive research design was adopted for the
study. Senior officers from the 4 GCF accredited institutions and 9 institutions under
review for accreditation to lend money for climate financing in Kenya. Primary data was
collected using a structured questionnaire comprising of both closed-ended and open-ended
questions. The responses were gathered using quantitative data analysis. The study
investigated the connection between the climate financing as the dependent variable, and
media publicity influences, capital strength, and incentive effects as the independent
variables, using a multivariate linear regression model. The study found and concluded that
media (p=.038), capital strength (p=.008) and political connectedness (p=.000)
significantly and positively influenced the climate financing. The study recommends that
in order to improve the media’s role in climate financing, the government should develop
and install a customized communication system which would be focused on climate and
management of climate projects and this would promote the participation of the
stakeholders in financing and managing the climate projects. Further recommends that the
government should impose mandatory taxes in all the manufacturing sectors/companies
with the aim of mobilizing and reinforcing the resources focused on the management of
climate projects. This way the climate capital would be strengthened for climate financing
in the near future. Finally, the study recommends that the government should invest in
activities that promote the political will and connectedness customized to management of
climate projects. The lack of insufficient support by the governments in the world have led
to stalled/slow/compromised implementation/management of climate projects