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    100.YILINDA ŞAPKA İNKILABI VE KAZANIMLARI

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    KÜLTÜREL KODLAMALAR ÖZELİNDE TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYET KAVRAMI VE PROPAGANDA AFİŞLERİNDE KULLANILAN BEDEN POLİTİKASI

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    İki büyük dünya savaşı ve birçok devrime tanıklık etmesiyle 20. yüzyıl insanlık tarihinde propaganda kavramının en etkili kullanıldığı dönem olmuştur. Bir propaganda aracı olarak kamusal iradeyi şekillendirmek amacıyla tasarlanan savaş afişlerinde temel motivaston, halkın duygularını etkilemek, insanları orduya katılmaya teşvik etmek ve savaşın maddi ve manevi açıdan desteklenmesini sağlamaktır. Savaş dönemi propagandaları belirlenirken temele ikna, uyarı, telkin ve istek kavramları alınarak afiş tasarımları bu temel kavramlar etrafında şekillendirilmiştir. Bu kavramlar ise, toplumsal cinsiyet kavramı üzerinden bedene yüklenen kültürel kodlamalarla birçok propaganda afişinin temelini oluşturmuştur. Ulusal politikalar kapsamında, savaş dönemlerinde görsel kültür aracılığıyla oluşturulan iletişim dili halkın desteğini toplamak, ülke yararına olduğu düşünülen politikaları uygulamak ve savaşın diğer muhataplarına karşı üstünlük algısı oluşturmak gibi birçok amaç doğrultusunda kullanılmıştır. İçinde barındırdığı mesajlar doğrultusunda propaganda görselleri üslup, kültürel kod ve tasarım ilkeleri göz önünde bulundurulduğunda iletişim dilinin çözümlenmesi ve afişte bulunana kavramların farklı bağlamlar çerçevesinde sorgulanmasının önünü açmaktadır. Propaganda görsellerinin içinde barındırdığı kültürel kodlamalar görsel okuryazarlığın gelişimine katkı sağlarken toplumların tarihine ışık tutmaktadır. Bu çalışmada; savaş dönemi afişlerinde uygulanan beden politikası ve toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri üzerinden propaganda afişlerinde ki ikna mekanizması incelenmiştir.The 20th century, which witnessed two major world wars and many revolutions, has been the most effective period in human history when the concept of propaganda was used. The basic motivation in war posters designed to shape public will as a propaganda tool is to influence the emotions of the people, encourage people to join the army and ensure that the war is supported materially and morally. While determining war-time propaganda, the concepts of persuasion, warning, suggestion and desire were taken as the basis and poster designs were shaped around these basic concepts. These concepts, in turn, formed the basis of many propaganda posters with the cultural codings imposed on the body through the concept of gender. Within the scope of national policies, the communication language created through visual culture during wartime has been used for many purposes such as gathering public support, implementing policies thought to be in the interest of the country, and creating a perception of superiority over other war counterparts. In line with the messages they contain, propaganda visuals pave the way for the analysis of the communication language and the questioning of the concepts found in the poster within different contexts when the style, cultural code, and design principles are taken into consideration. The cultural codes contained in propaganda visuals contribute to the development of visual literacy and shed light on the history of societies. In this study; the body politics applied in war-time posters and the persuasion mechanism in propaganda posters were examined through gender roles

    A new methodology for determining the long-term behavior of earth surface deformations from InSAR results

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    The InSAR method is an effective method of presenting the temporal change and behavior characteristics of surface deformations to users and monitoring deformations. In general, it is possible to determine the spatial distribution and magnitude of surface deformations using InSAR analysis results. However, more detailed analyses should be performed to reveal and interpret the long-term behavior of deformations from these results. It is especially important to classify deformation velocities and present the temporal change and behavior characteristics of deformations by analyzing the densities of these classes and their periodic changes. This study developed a new methodology and software to present the temporal change and behavior characteristics of deformations to users. With the new methodology and software developed, values such as time-dependent increasing/decreasing trend of deformations, continuity, velocity value and class, and areal ratio/density can be determined and long-term behavior characteristics of deformations can be revealed. It is possible to make more reliable predictions of future behavior by considering the current increasing or decreasing trend of deformation behavior. The methodology and software developed were used to monitor surface deformations at the dump site of Kangal/Kalburçayırı open-pit coal mine, and the results were discussed. Owing to the method developed, deformation behavior was determined, and the prospective support heel precaution was taken. The new situation and deformation behavior that occurred as a result of this precaution were examined with the same methodology and software, and the success of the support heel was discussed

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