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Unveiling cognitive disengagement syndrome: A hidden challenge in children with epilepsy
No full textBackground: In our study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children with epilepsy and to identify the associated factors. Method: The study included 62 patients with epilepsy aged 6–18 and 51 healthy controls. Sociodemographic data, epilepsy characteristics, and medication usage were collected. Psychiatric evaluations used various structured interviews and scales. Results: The mean ages for patients and controls were 9.7 and 9.9 years, respectively. CDS was present in 76 % of patients with epilepsy compared to 26 % of controls (p < 0.01). Patients with epilepsy scored higher on Barkley Child Attention Scale (BCAS) and Turgay DSM-IV Disruptive Behavior Disorders Symptom Screening Scale (T-DSM-IV-S). CDS prevalence was higher in patients without seizure control and those over age 12. Linear regressions demonstrated that age predicted BCAS-sluggish scores (R2: 0.284, p < 0.001) and T-DSM-IV-S hyperactivity scores (R2: 0.065, p: 0.023). The number of antiseizure medications (R2: 0.065, p: 0.023) and the duration of antiseizure medication usage (R2: 0.079, p: 0.014) predicted T-DSM-IV-S oppositional scores. Conclusion: Our study is the first study in this field. Our study findings highlight the need for further research to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying CDS in epilepsy and to develop targeted interventions
Comprehensive bibliometric analysis and perspectives on therapies targeting colon cancer stem cells over a 40-year period
No full textThe presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is one of the primary causes of recurring therapy resistance because they have two main capacities: self-renewal and avoiding apoptotic pathways. Despite their relevance, no full bibliometric analysis has yet been done in this topic. The goal of this work is to use bibliometric analysis to map the fundamental and emergent areas in therapeutics targeting colon cancer stem cells. To perform bibliometric analysis on colon cancer stem cells (CCSCs) literature, spanning roughly the last 40 years, in order to establish a firm base for future projections by emphasizing the findings of the most notable research. All information pertinent to CCSCs was accessed from Web of Science Core Collection database. In order to identify and analyze the research hotspots and trends related to this topic, Biblioshiny (RStudio) and VOSviewer were utilized to ascertain the countries/regions, institutions, journals, authors, references, and keywords involved. The targeted time span covered 1735 research-, and review articles. The most frequent keywords were “colorectal cancer,” “cancer stem cells,” and “colon cancer,” while the most trending keywords in the last few years were “protein stability,” “spheroid formation,” “ubiquitination,” “exosomes,” “patient-derived organoids,” and “gut microbiota.” Over the past 40 years, there has been a significant advancement in researchers' understanding of colon cancer stem cells. In addition, the cluster map of co-cited literature showed that colon cancer stem cell research has emerged as a research hotspot. It was also anticipated that the main focus of the future efforts appears to involve clinical applications of cell-targeted colon cancer therapy. These results provide researchers with a comprehensive understanding of this field and provide insightful ideas for further research
Covalently Bonded 1D Chains and 2D Networks From Si-Doped CL-20: Computational Study
No full textTo discover high-energy-density materials with characteristics superior to current models, it is necessary to study a wide range of potential structures. A promising representative of new derivatives of the class of high-energy compounds is silicon-substituted molecules CL-20, which have a reactivity and kinetic stability close to pure CL-20 but have a higher density and energy release. Low-dimensional covalent SiCL-20 nanostructures based on silicon analogue of the classical CL-20 high-energy molecule are considered in this work. Covalent nanostructures may have advantages over molecular crystals due to their special properties, such as higher packing density and kinetic stability. It has been established that silicon-substituted CL-20 molecules can connect through CH2 molecular bridges into covalent structures. Geometrical parameters, energy characteristics, electronic properties, and quantum chemical reactivity descriptors for several representatives of 1D and 2D systems based on Si5CL-20 have been calculated using density functional theory. The skeleton of each silicon fragment of the CL-20 system undergoes small changes when combined into covalent chains and networks. Still, the systems retain their consistency, and the effective diameter of the silicon frameworks in the nanostructure takes average values from 4.300 to 4.462 Å. The binding energy of nanostructures increases with the number of silicon CL-20 fragments in the system. The binding energies for a single silicon molecule CL-20 and a double chain SiCL-20 consisting of 12 fragments are 3.846 and 4.077 eV/atom, respectively. Thus, the silicon nanostructures become more thermodynamically stable with increasing the size and dimension of the compound. The study of electronic characteristics made it possible to establish that the value of the HOMO-LUMO gap decreases with an increasing number of fragments in the system, and the considered SiCL-20 covalent molecules can be classified as wide-gap semiconductors, like their classical CL-20 analogues. For example, the values of the HOMO-LUMO gaps for silicon derivatives of CL-20 with dimensions 1 × 1, 6 × 1, 6 × 2, and 4 × 3L are 5.601, 4.378, 4.004, and 3.882 eV respectively. Despite their highly stressed skeleton, they are stable enough to be considered for energy applications and are promising candidates for building blocks of high-energy materials and fuels
Sanat Terapisinin Özel Eğitim Sınıfı Düzeyindeki Öğrencilere Katkısının Duygusal Zeka Bağlamında İncelenmesi
No full textÇalışanların İş Tatmini ve İşten Ayrılma Niyetlerinde Bireysel Farklılıkların Etkisi: Demiryolu Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma
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Removal of lead ions (Pb2+) from aqueous solution using chitosan/starch composite material: Experimental and density functional theory findings
No full textTreatment of wastewater has become vital to prevent environmental pollution in recent years. Adsorption is an easily applicable, low-cost and efficient method and is the subject of this study. In this study, an adsorbent was synthesized to be used in heavy metal removal using chitosan and starch. The composite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometry, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. It was determined that the composite had an amorphous and compact structure. Adsorption experiments were carried out under the optimized parameters such as solution pH, concentration, adsorbent amount, equilibrium time, and temperature. It shows that during adsorption, with the increase in pH, the adsorption efficiency and adsorption capacity first increase and then a fluctuation occurs. The highest adsorption efficiency and Q value were reached at pH 3.46 as 78% and 0.038 mol/kg, respectively. Moreover, the adsorption capacity (Q) reached its highest value with a value of 0.067 mol/kg in the presence of 30 mg adsorbent. Equilibrium experiments were validated by the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models. To investigate the adsorption mechanism, pseudo-first-order (PFO) and pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetic models were used. It was determined that the adsorption process followed the D-R isotherm (R2 = 0.99) and PSO (R2 = 0.99). Therefore, the existence of chemical adsorption can be mentioned. Thermodynamic parameters enthalpy (∆H), Gibbs free energy (∆G) and entropy change (∆S) were investigated. The adsorbate-adsorbent interactions were studied by density functional theory (DFT)
Can disease activity be detected with serum biomarkers in ankylosing spondylitis?
No full textAims: The inflammation in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients is crucial regarding disease activity and progression. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic significance of inflammatory markers in assessing disease activity in AS. Methods: Seventy-six patients meeting the criteria were retrospectively evaluated between January 2024 and June 2024. Inflammatory markers such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, Systemic Inflammatory Index (SII), and uric acid-to-HDL cholesterol ratio (UHR) were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups as active and inactive AS according to the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index score. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to investigate the diagnostic role of UHR and SII in indicating active disease. Results: In the active disease group, parameters indicating inflammation, such as NLR (p=0.003), SII (p=0.001), and UHR (p=0.008), were found to be significantly elevated statistically. Positive statistically significant correlations were observed in correlation analysis between disease activity score and SII (r=0.36, p=0.006) and UHR (r=0.46, p=0.0001). ROC analysis revealed that UHR and SII have a high diagnostic role in indicating active disease. Conclusion: NLR, SII, and UHR are considered to have a diagnostic role in indicating inflammation and active disease in AS patients
Interfacial Mechanisms of O-O Type Chelating Collectors in the Flotation of Copper Minerals: A Density Functional Study
No full textFlotation is a widely used separation technique in mineral processing that relies on surface chemistry to recover valuable metals from low-grade ores. This study presents a theoretical evaluation of O-O type chelating collectors in the selective flotation of copper minerals, emphasizing their interactions at the colloidal and interfacial levels. Using advanced computational methods, key surface chemistry parameters—including adhesion mechanisms, electron density distributions, and binding energies—were analyzed to assess the efficiency and selectivity of these collectors. The findings demonstrate that O-O type chelating collectors establish strong and specific interactions with copper mineral surfaces, enhancing hydrophobicity and improving attachment to air bubbles. Among the studied collectors—Cupferon, Neocupferon, 2-nitroso-1-naphthol, 2,4-pentanedione, Octyl hydroxamate, and 2-Acetyl-acetanalid—Octyl hydroxamate exhibited the highest stability and affinity for Cu²⁺ ions, while 2-Acetyl-acetanalid showed the weakest performance. This study provides fundamental insights into the interfacial mechanisms governing flotation efficiency and offers guidance for optimizing reagent selection. By contributing to the design of more selective and sustainable collectors, these findings support advancements in mineral processing, environmental technologies, and interfacial science
