al-Burhān Journal of Qurʾān and Sunnah Studies
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مشكلة البطالة عند الشباب الأفغاني وسبل علاجها في ضوء السنة النبوية: Unemployment Problem Among Afghan Youth and Its Solution In light of the Sunnah
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يهدف البحث إلى دراسة مشكلة البطالة عند الشباب في دولة أفغانستان وسبل علاجها في ضوء السنة النبوية. حيث تعد هذه الظاهرة من المشاكل الكبرى التي يعاني منها الشعب الأفغاني. وقد رسم السنة النبوية المنهج الأمثل في حل ظاهرة البطالة، حيث علاج مشكلة البطالة من خلال الإرشادات والمبادئ العامة، تحريم الصدقة على غنى أوقادر على العمل، والهجرة في طلب الرزق الحلال، والمعالجة بتوجيهات خاصة بالترغيب في العمل، والمعالجة بالحث على مزاولة حرف وأعمال محددة. وقد سلك البحث المنهج الاستقرائي لجمع النصوص الشرعية من الكتاب والسنة ومن المصادر والمراجع ذات الصلة، كما اعتمد البحث المنهج التحليلي من خلال تحليل نتائج الدراسة الميدانية والتي هدفت إلى مقابلة أساتذة الجامعات والخبراء، وأجريت عينة الدراسة في أفغانستان وشملت (173) مشاركًا (168 من ذكور و5 من الإناث) وجمعت البيانات باستخدام استبيان وتم تحليل نتائج الاستبيان من خلال تقنية حساب النسب (SPSS). وقد خصلت الدراسة إلى جملة من النتائج من أبرزها: أن هناك سبل لحل مشكلة البطالة حيث جاء في المرتبة الأولى الفقرة التي تنص على (إنهاء الحروب المستمرة، والسعي وراء الخطة السلام الأفغانية الحقيقية) بنسبة المؤوية (88.6). وجاء في المرتبة الثانية الفقرة التي تنص على (التنمية الزراعية والاقتصاد الزراعي) ونسبة المؤوية (87.4). فيما جاء في المرتبة الأخيرة التي تنص على(صناعة السياحة ودورها في خلق فرص العمل) ونسبة المؤوية (77.6). ويكون نتيجة هذا المحور (أي من الطرق التالية لحل مشكلة البطالة يمكن أن تكون فعالة في القضاء على البطالة؟) حيث نسبة المؤوية (83.8). فنقول يكون هذه النتيجة مرتفع. وفي ضوء هذه النتائج أوصت الدراسة بتوجيه الطلاب إلى التخصصات الصحيحة والمطلوبة في سوق العمل كما أوصت الدراسة بدعوة مراكز التدريب إلى إيجاد برامج مفيدة وتأهيل متميز يتوافق مع احتياج سوق العمل.ABSTRACT
This research aims to study the problem of unemployment among young people in Afghanistan and ways to solve it in light of the Sunnah of the Prophet. This phenomenon is a major problem for the Afghan people. The Sunnah of the Prophet charted the best approach in solving the phenomenon of unemployment. The problem of unemployment was addressed through general and special guidelines and principles. Among the general prophetic instructions in this regard are; the prohibition of charity on the rich or the one who is able to work, and the pursuit of a halal livelihood. Among the special prophetic directives in addressing this problem are, encouragement to work, urging certain crafts and professions. The research adopted the inductive methodology for collecting texts from authors, relevant sources, and references. The research also followed the analytical method to analyze the field study results, which aimed to get the experts opinions from university professors and other professionals. The study sample was conducted in Afghanistan and consisted of 173 participants (168 males and 5 females) and data were collected using a questionnaire. The results of the questionnaire were analyzed through the technique of SPSS. The study concluded with several results, the notable of which include the following: Among the main reasons for the rise in unemployment are the ending of the ongoing wars and pursuing the real Afghan peace plan, which came in the first place with 88.6%. Secondly, the Agricultural development and economy stands with 87.4%. Thirdly, the tourism industry and its role in job creation stands at 77.6%. In light of these results, the Sunnah of the Prophet recommends the effective measures to solve the problem of unemployment; such as job placement, trade, agriculture, adopting various occupations. This is to ensure safety, happiness, and a blessed life for all; to save religion, belief, and morality from possible threats; and to preserve the individual, the family, and society from the corruptions and vices that unemployment may create in life. In light of all this, the study recommends directing students to the suitable disciplines that possess high demand in the job market. The study also recommends that the training centers need to invent useful programs and offer outstanding qualifications that correspond to the needs of the job market
வாழும் உரிமை: பௌத்த ‘பானாதிபாதா’ மற்றும் ‘கத்ல் அல்-நப்ஸ்’ ஓர் பகுப்பாய்வு: The Right to Life: An Analysis of the Buddhist Panathipatha and the Quranic Qatl al-Nafs
No full textமதங்களது புனிதக் கிரந்தங்கள் வாழும் உரிமையினை உத்தரவாதப்படுத்துவதாகவே அமைந்துள்ளது. அது எந்த மதத்தை பின்பற்றக் கூடியவர்களாக இருப்பினும் சரியே. பௌத்தமும் இஸ்லாமும் வாழும் உரிமை சம்பந்தமாக வித்தியாசமான அமைப்பிலே தெளிவான வழிகாட்டல்களை குறிப்பிட்டிருந்தபோதிலும் சமகால உலகில் பௌத்தர்களினதும் முஸ்லிம்களினதும் சந்திப்பானது பல சந்தர்ப்பங்களில் சர்ச்சையாகவும் முரண்பாட்டாகவும் இருந்து வருகிறது. எனவே, இந்த ஆய்வினுடைய நோக்கமானது வாழும் உரிமை சம்பந்தமாக பௌத்த பானாதிபாதா மற்றும் குர்ஆனிக் கதல் அல்-நப்ஸ் என்ற கோட்பாடுகளின் ஊடாக விளக்குவதாக அமைகிறது. இதன் மூலம் பௌத்தர்களுக்கும் முஸ்லிம்களுக்கும் மத்தியில் நல்லதொரு மத புரிந்துணர்வினை ஏற்படுத்த முடியும் என்று நம்பப்படுகிறது. இந்நோக்கத்தை நிறைவேற்றுவதற்கு ஆய்வானது ஒப்பிட்டு, விவரண ஆய்வு முறையினை கையாண்டுள்ளது. இவ் ஆய்வுக்குரிய முதன்மைத் தரவுகளாக முடியுமான அளவு பௌத்த - இஸ்லாமிய மார்க்க மூலக் கிரந்தங்களில் இருந்து பயன்படுத்தப்பட்டுள்ளது என்பது குறிப்பிடத்தக்கது. இந்த ஆய்வின் முடிவானது, இஸ்லாமும் பௌத்தமும் இருவேறுபட்ட வித்தியாசங்களைக் கொண்ட மதங்களாக இருப்பினும் வாழும் உரிமை விடயத்தில் இரண்டு மதங்களும் மனிதநேயத்தோடும், மனிதாபிமானத்தோடும் நடப்பதற்கான வழிகாட்டல்களை வழங்கி இருப்பதனை அவதானிக்கலாம். எனவே இதனால் பௌத்தர்கள் இஸ்லாத்தின் மீதுள்ள தப்பபிப்பிராயத்தினையும் முஸ்லிம்கள் பௌத்தர்கள் மீதுள்ள தப்பபிப்பிராயத்தினையும் நீக்க முடியும் நம்பப்படுகிறது.Religious scriptures guarantee the right of life for every human being, whether they are followers of that religion or not. Although Buddhism and Islam contain detailed explanations on the protection of life in a unique manner, but the encounters of Buddhists and Muslims are most often portrayed as violent confrontations in the modern world. The objective of this paper is to analyse and understand the concept of protection of life through the ideas of Panathipatha in Buddhism and Ḥifẓ al-Nafs in Islam to promote interreligious understanding. This research applies a library-based qualitative methodology, in which the researchers undertook textual analysis on written materials such as books, journal articles, and internet sources. The research found that both religions share a similar scope on the protection of life which prioritize humanity as its main standard. This study serves to eliminate misunderstandings about religions: Buddhism and Islam, and to facilitate in a process of understanding and for nonviolent commitment among diverse religious groups. To this end, this paper examines to what extent Buddhist Panathipatha tenets are similar to the concept of Ḥifẓ al-Nafs, paving the way for interreligious dialogue for peace drawing on some fundamental commonalities between Buddhism and Islam
مولانا محمد علی جوہر اور انکی دینی وعلمی خدمات: Muhammad Ali Jauhar and His Religious and Educational Contributions
No full textاس مضمون میں ہندوستانی سرزمین پر ایک پرجوش مسلم مفکر، عالم اور آزادی پسند جنگجو، محمد علی جوہر (۱۸۷۸ – ۱۹۳۱) اور نوآبادیاتی دور میں مسلم کمیونٹی کے احیاء کے لیے ان کی کوششوں پر بحث کی گئی ہے۔ ہندوستان میں برطانوی راج کے خلاف ان کی بہادری اور جدوجہد کی گونج دنیا بھر میں گونجی۔ مزید برآں، انہوں نے ایک بہترین تعلیمی نظام اور خواتین کے تعلیم کے حق کے لیے آواز بلند کی۔ اس طرح اس نے لارڈ کرزن کی تعلیمی پالیسیوں کی سخت مخالفت کی۔ ان کا پختہ یقین تھا کہ تعلیمی نظام کو بحال کرنے اور سماجی ہم آہنگی قائم کرنے کے علاوہ آزاد ہندوستان ممکن نہیں ہے۔ یہ تحقیق ان کے کچھ نظریات پر نظر ڈالتی ہے جو بالعموم اسلامی تعلیم پر اثر انداز ہوتے ہیں اور خاص طور پر قرآن و سنت کی تعلیم پر۔This article discusses an enthusiastic Muslim thinker, scholar and freedom fighter on Indian soil, Muhammad Ali Jauhar (1878-1931) and his efforts to revive the Muslim community during the colonial period. The echo of his bravery and struggle against British rule in India resonated worldwide. Additionally, he raised his voice to develop an excellent academic system and women’s right to education; thus, he strongly opposed Lord Curzon’s education policies. He firmly believed a free India was not possible except by reviving the education system and establishing social harmony. This research looks into some of his ideas that affect Islamic education in general, and the Qurʾan and Sunnah education in particular
الدلالة عند العرب وأثرها في فهم النصوص القرآنية: Semantics According to the Arabs and Its Impact on the Understanding of Quranic Texts
No full textيتناول البحث نشأة علم الدلالة كعلم مستقل الذي جد الاهتمام بها اللغويون الغرب في العصر الحديث قبل أن يهتم بدراستها اللغويون العرب. ومع ذلك، قد استخدم مصطلح الدلالة عند قدماء العرب مما يطرح السؤال هل هي علم جديد أسسها الغربيون أو قد وضع بذورها العلماء العرب في ميادين مختلفة، استخدموها في فهم النصوص القرآنية. استعمل الباحثون المنهج الوصفي الاستقرائي في هذه الدراسة واستقرأوا كتب اللغة وأصول الفقه، وتطبيقات علم الدلالة في فهم النصوص القرآنية. وقد توصل الباحثون إلى عدد من النتائج أهمها: إن الدلالة قد نشأت لدى الأصوليين وأسهموا في بيان معاني النصوص القرآنية التي لا تقتصر على الدلالات اللغوية المعروفة، الصرفية والنحوية والبلاغية فحسب، بل تتجاوز ذلك مما جعل فهم النصوص القرآنية يتم بشكل أتم وأشمل.This research studies semantics as an independent science which the Western linguists gave attention to in the modern period before Arab linguists. However, terminologies related to semantics were used by the ancient Arabs, which raises the question whether this science was established by Western scholars, or the foundations of this science were discovered by Arab scholars in different fields as they used them to understand Qur’anic texts. This issue is addressed by the researchers using qualitative methods. The researchers adopted a descriptive inductive approach in their study of language books and the principles of jurisprudence (Uṣūl al-Fiqh) and the application of semantics in understanding Qur’anic texts. This study concludes that scholars of Uṣūl al-Fiqh were familiar with semantics, and this contributed to explaining the meanings of Qur’anic texts that are not limited to linguistic connotations known as: morphological, grammatical, and rhetoric, but also went beyond that, which made the understanding of Qur’anic texts more holistic and comprehensive
Scrutinising Historical Narrations: Between Ibn Khaldūn and the Scholars of Ḥadīth Criticism
No full text‘Abd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad ibn Khaldūn al-Ḥaḍramī is a renowned Muslim scholar who has been considered by many researchers as the founder of the modern discipline of historiography. The uniqueness of his method of scrutinising historical narrations gives his works wide recognition. This paper intends to explore Ibn Khaldūn’s principles of scrutinising historical narrations and make a comparison between his principles and the principles of validating narrations in ʿUlūm al-Ḥadīth, to figure out the extent to which Ibn Khaldūn has been influenced, in his discourse, by the principles of the scholars of ḥadīth. This paper represents a library-based research, hence, the qualitative method has been adopted. This study has revealed the fact that Ibn Khaldūn’s approach towards the scrutiny of the narrations is an extension of the previous principles laid down by the scholars of ḥadīth. However, the major difference between both parties lies in the fact that the principles of the scholars of ḥadīth address all types of the narrations, whether historical or non-historical narrations, without giving preference to the historical ones above the others, while Ibn Khaldūn was the first Muslim scholar who concentrated purely and strictly on scrutinising historical materials.‘Abd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad ibn Khaldūn al-Ḥaḍramī is a renowned Muslim scholar who has been considered by many researchers as the founder of the modern discipline of historiography. The uniqueness of his method of scrutinising historical narrations gives his works wide recognition. This paper intends to explore Ibn Khaldūn’s principles of scrutinising historical narrations and make a comparison between his principles and the principles of validating narrations in ʿUlūm al-Ḥadīth, to figure out the extent to which Ibn Khaldūn has been influenced, in his discourse, by the principles of the scholars of ḥadīth. This paper represents a library-based research, hence, the qualitative method has been adopted. This study has revealed the fact that Ibn Khaldūn’s approach towards the scrutiny of the narrations is an extension of the previous principles laid down by the scholars of ḥadīth. However, the major difference between both parties lies in the fact that the principles of the scholars of ḥadīth address all types of the narrations, whether historical or non-historical narrations, without giving preference to the historical ones above the others, while Ibn Khaldūn was the first Muslim scholar who concentrated purely and strictly on scrutinising historical materials
Patterns and Trends in Tarannum Qurʾān Studies from 2011-2018: A Thematic Review in the field of Tarannum al-Qurʾān
No full textTarannum al-Qurʾān is the art of reciting the Qurʾan. It is one of the Qurʾanic branches which emphasises the method of reciting the Qurʾan with a melodious voice. This research paper aims to: recover, synthesize, and integrate the existing body of literature on Tarannum. This research provides ready references to the existing studies on Tarannum that will benefit the researchers in this area. Due to the lack of a comprehensive literature review in Tarannum , a systematic review and analysis were conducted from a data pool consisting of computerized bibliographic databases (i.e., Proquest, Scopus, Mendeley literature search, and Google Scholar database). This study systematically reviewed the literature, thus providing a more comprehensive analysis and synthesis of twenty-five studies from 2011 to 2018. Major findings include that there are ten thematic reviews discussing Tarannum; and the most common themes discussed are Tarannum figures, followed by KKQ (Kelas Khas Kemahiran Membaca dan Menghafaz Al-Qurʾān), then articles that discussed about Tarannum rules and other variety of Tarannum themes.Tarannum al-Qurʾān is the art of reciting the Qurʾan. It is one of the Qurʾanic branches which emphasises the method of reciting the Qurʾan with a melodious voice. This research paper aims to: recover, synthesize, and integrate the existing body of literature on Tarannum. This research provides ready references to the existing studies on Tarannum that will benefit the researchers in this area. Due to the lack of a comprehensive literature review in Tarannum , a systematic review and analysis were conducted from a data pool consisting of computerized bibliographic databases (i.e., Proquest, Scopus, Mendeley literature search, and Google Scholar database). This study systematically reviewed the literature, thus providing a more comprehensive analysis and synthesis of twenty-five studies from 2011 to 2018. Major findings include that there are ten thematic reviews discussing Tarannum; and the most common themes discussed are Tarannum figures, followed by KKQ (Kelas Khas Kemahiran Membaca dan Menghafaz Al-Qurʾān), then articles that discussed about Tarannum rules and other variety of Tarannum themes
دلالة النعت المرفوع في سورة البقرة: دراسة وصفية تحليلية: The Significance of al-Naʿt al-Marfūʿ (U-Case Adjective) in Sūrah al-Baqarah: A Descriptive and Analytical Study
No full textيعالج هذا البحث مشكلة قلة البحوث العلمية التي اهتمت بدراسة دلالة التوابع في السور القرآنية، والتي اتجهت أغلبها إلى دراستها في القرآن كله، فجاءت في أكثرها دراسات غير متعمقة. لذا كانت فكرة هذا البحث هي تعميق دراسة النعت المرفوع وتركيزه على سورة البقرة. ويهدف البحث إلى إثبات أن للنعت المرفوع دلالات تختلف نظرًا للسياقات التي ترد فيها، ما يجعلها مادة مهمة للدراسات النحوية. كما يسهم هذا البحث بطريقة مباشرة وغير مباشرة لمتخصصي اللغة العربية خاصة والمجتمع عامة في الفهم الصحيح للآيات القرآنية. وقد اتبع الباحثون في هذه الدراسة المنهج الوصفي باستقراء النعت التي وردت في سورة البقرة من أولها إلى آخرها. ثم جمعوا البيانات والمعلومات وتقسيمها من حيث مواقعها الإعرابية. كما اتبعوا المنهج التحليلي حيث قام الباحثون بتحليل البيانات تحليلا علميا. وخلص الباحثون في نهاية البحث إلى أن هناك علاقة متينة بين علم النحو وعلم التفسير لأجل فهم الآيات القرآنية بطريقة صحيحة. كما أن لعلماء التفسير دور كبير في إبراز معاني الكلمات المتعلقة بالنعت، ومناسبة مواقعه في الآية.This study addresses the problem of the lack of scientific research on the significance of tawābiʿ in Quranic sūrahs. The focus of this research is to study sūrah al-Baqarah. The aim of the research is to prove that al-naʿt al-marfūʿ semantics varies due to the contexts, making it an important material for grammatical studies. It also directly and indirectly contributes to the learners’ and public understanding of Quranic verses in Arabic. The researchers adopted a descriptive approach and extrapolated al-naʿt al-marfūʿ mentioned in sūrah al-Baqarah from its beginning until the end. The data and information were collected and divided in terms of their grammatical roles. The researchers also employed the analytical method where the data were analyzed scientifically. The researchers concluded at the end of this study that there is a strong relationship between grammar and tafsīr (interpretation of Quranic verses) in understanding meaning of Quranic verses. The scholars of Quranic exegesis were influential in highlighting the meanings of words related to al-naʿt al-marfūʿ
ISLAMIC ETHICS OF BUSINESS: A MAQĀṢIDIC ANALYSIS
Full text linkIslamic Sharīʽah includes all affairs of human life. An important part of Sharīʽah is related to human transactions. Conducting business is considered an important transaction, which has existed since the beginning of human life and until today. Presently, committing unethical activities in conducting businesses has increased both among Muslims and non-Muslims all over the world. These unethical activities cause a Muslim to lose blessings of Allah Subḥānahū wa Taʽālā (SWT) in his income and make his earnings haram, which leads to unacceptance of his worship by Allah (SWT). It also causes harm to other people. This ultimately will be an important reason for him to be not successful on the Day of Judgment. To make a Muslim successful in this world and the life hereafter, Islam provides rules and guidelines to be followed. Among them are the rules and guidelines for conducting businesses sincerely and righteously. These rules and guidelines are called Islamic ethics of business. These ethics can be divided into two types: first, some attributes which must be possessed by a businessman; second, several forbidden things which must be avoided by him. This paper aims to analytically discuss the second type of these ethics and strives to investigate how committing these forbidden things causes to violate different types of maqāṣid (objectives) of Sharīʽah. An important finding of this research paper is that Islamic ethics of business have been prescribed by Allah (SWT) in a way that they maintain significant balance between dīn and dunyā and cause a Muslim to be successful both in this world and next world.  
The Status of the Sunnah according to the Qurʾan and the Arguments Against it Amongst the Qurʾan-Absolutists
No full textFrom the Islamic point of view, there are two major groups of sources of sharīʿah which are the primary sources and the secondary sources. In this regard, the sunnah of the Prophet is recognised as the second primary source of sharīʿah after the Qurʾan. In other words, many verses of the Qurʾan and the texts of the Prophetic ḥadīths have stated that the Qurʾan is the direct speech of Allah, whereas the Sunnah is the indirect one. Hence, it is very obvious that there is a strong link between the Qurʾan and the Sunnah. On the contrary, some people have argued that the Qurʾan is already perfect and complete; in which it contains every necessary law and regulation of the sharīʿah. Hence, this group of people believe that it is not compulsory and sensible to follow the Sunnah of Prophet PBUH. Moreover, according to the anti-Hadith movement, depending on the Sunnah apart from the Quran for legislation is equal to believing in other Gods besides Allah, or assigning partners to Allah. Therefore, this paper is aimed at clarifying and removing the confusions among true Muslims about these misleading arguments. In this regard, this paper argues that relying on the Sunnah together with the Qurʾan in Islamic legislation is definitely not equal to ascribing another partner to Allah or committing shirk. The people who follow the Sunnah besides the Qurʾan are following the commands of Allah to obey the Prophet PBUH. Additionally, this paper would also attempt to present the Qurʾan and the Sunnah as two undivided foundations of the religion of Islam.From the Islamic point of view, there are two major groups of sources of sharīʿah which are the primary sources and the secondary sources. In this regard, the sunnah of the Prophet is recognised as the second primary source of sharīʿah after the Qurʾan. In other words, many verses of the Qurʾan and the texts of the Prophetic ḥadīths have stated that the Qurʾan is the direct speech of Allah, whereas the Sunnah is the indirect one. Hence, it is very obvious that there is a strong link between the Qurʾan and the Sunnah. On the contrary, some people have argued that the Qurʾan is already perfect and complete; in which it contains every necessary law and regulation of the sharīʿah. Hence, this group of people believe that it is not compulsory and sensible to follow the Sunnah of Prophet PBUH. Moreover, according to the anti-Hadith movement, depending on the Sunnah apart from the Quran for legislation is equal to believing in other Gods besides Allah, or assigning partners to Allah. Therefore, this paper is aimed at clarifying and removing the confusions among true Muslims about these misleading arguments. In this regard, this paper argues that relying on the Sunnah together with the Qurʾan in Islamic legislation is definitely not equal to ascribing another partner to Allah or committing shirk. The people who follow the Sunnah besides the Qurʾan are following the commands of Allah to obey the Prophet PBUH. Additionally, this paper would also attempt to present the Qurʾan and the Sunnah as two undivided foundations of the religion of Islam