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First absolute wind measurements in Saturn’s stratosphere from ALMA observations (Corrigendum)
No full textInternational audienceNo abstract availabl
Étude prospective, monocentrique sur la prévalence de Mycoplasma penetrans dans les échantillons anaux
No full textWe conducted a prospective, single-centre study of the prevalence of Mycoplasma penetrans in anorectal specimens collected at the Bacteriology Laboratory of the University Hospital of Bordeaux between July and November 2022, for which screening for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae was prescribed. A total of 377 patients were included in the study. The prevalence of M. penetrans was 6.4% (24/377). All M. penetrans-positive patients were men who have sex with men, and 75% (18/24) had a positive HIV serological result, compared with 61.9% (216/349) of M. penetrans-negative patients (non-significant difference). Almost 70% (16/23) of patients whose anorectal swab was PCR positive for M. penetrans reported at least one sexually transmitted infection in the 12 months prior to enrolment, compared with only 36.4% (108/297) of patients whose M. penetrans PCR was negative. We found no significant association between the detection of M. penetrans and the presence of anorectal symptoms. The impact of this mycoplasma on human health needs to be investigated in further studies.Nous avons réalisé une étude prospective et monocentrique sur la prévalence de Mycoplasma penetrans dans les échantillons anorectaux collectés au laboratoire de Bactériologie du CHU de Bordeaux entre juillet et novembre 2022, pour lesquels une recherche de Chlamydia trachomatis et de Neisseria gonorrhoeae par PCR était prescrite. Au total, 377 patients ont été inclus. La prévalence de l’infection à M. penetrans était de 6,4% (24/377). Tous les patients positifs à M. penetrans étaient des hommes ayant des rapports sexuels avec des hommes et 75% (18/24) avaient un résultat positif à la sérologie du VIH, contre 61,9% (216/349) des patients dont la PCR M. penetrans était négative (différence non significative). D’autre part, 70% (16/23) des patients dont l'écouvillon anorectal était positif en PCR pour M. penetrans rapportaient au moins une infection sexuellement transmissible (IST) dans les 12 mois précédant l’inclusion dans l’étude, alors que ce n'était le cas que pour 36,4% (108/297) des patients dont la PCR M. penetrans était négative. Nous n’avons pas mis en évidence de lien significatif entre la détection de M. penetrans et la présence de symptômes anorectaux. L’impact de ce mycoplasme sur la santé humaine reste à explorer par des études ultérieures
Intimate partner psychological violence and children’s sleep difficulties up to 5 years of age: an ELFE birth cohort
No full textInternational audienceTo examine the association between intimate partner psychological violence (P-IPV) from before pregnancy to 2 years after the child’s birth and child’s sleep patterns, i.e. sleep onset difficulty (SOD), nighttime awakenings (NA), and nighttime sleep duration (NSD) between 2 and 5 years of child’s age. Data come from the population-based French birth ELFE cohort launched in 2011. P-IPV was assessed before and during pregnancy, at 2 months and 2 years post-partum. Children’s sleep patterns were measured at 2, 3, and 5 years of age. Group-based trajectory modelling was used to identify trajectories of P-IPV and each child’s sleep patterns. Associations between P-IPV and children’s sleep trajectories were assessed by weighted multivariate logistic regressions. Five P-IPV trajectories were identified: minimal (64%), prenatal (14%), decreasing (9%), increasing (8%), and persistent (5%). Two trajectories of SOD (few 65% and many 35%), three trajectories of NA (few 49%, decreasing 24%, and many 23%), and three trajectories of NSD (short 21%, medium 56%, and long 23%) were identified. About 9513, 9512, and 9499 children were included in comparative analyses, respectively, focused on SOD, NA, and NSD. Increasing and persistent P-IPV trajectories were both associated with the trajectory of many SODs [odds ratio (OR) = 1.53, 95% confident interval (CI) = 1.24–1.91; and OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.31–2.22, respectively] and the trajectory of many NA (OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.29–2.13); and (OR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.42–2.69, respectively). Associations between persistent P-IPV and decreasing and many NA were significant among girls (OR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.12–2.75 and OR = 2.27, 95% CI = 1.39–3.71, respectively), but not among boys. Family interventions in response to IPV should pay particular attention to sleep patterns of children exposed to IPV
Prise en charge de la dermatite atopique au comptoir et innovations thérapeutiques
No full textAtopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition with a continuously increasing incidence. This thesis explores the crucial role of community pharmacists in its management, with an emphasis on therapeutic innovations. By examining recent advances in treatment, such as biotherapies and JAK inhibitors, the research highlights how these new approaches have transformed the management of severe forms of the disease. As a key player in therapeutic education, the pharmacist advises on skin hygiene, emollient use, and maintaining a healthy skin barrier. They recommend suitable products, explain triggering factors, and promote preventive measures. Their support is essential for topical treatment adherence, guiding application, frequency of use, and monitoring potential side effects. The pharmacist explains these new treatments, their administration, and ensures follow-up. Beyond medical treatment, the pharmacist supports patients in understanding their disease, assessing its psychological impact, and offering compassionate listening that contributes to improving their quality of life.La dermatite atopique est une affection cutanée inflammatoire chronique dont l'incidence ne cesse de croître. Cette thèse explore le rôle crucial du pharmacien d'officine dans sa prise en charge, en mettant l'accent sur les innovations thérapeutiques. En examinant les avancées récentes dans le traitement, telles que les biothérapies et les inhibiteurs de JAK, la recherche souligne comment ces nouvelles approches ont transformé la gestion des formes sévères de la maladie. Acteur clé de l'éducation thérapeutique, le pharmacien conseille sur l'hygiène cutanée, l'utilisation des émollients et le maintien d'une barrière cutanée saine. Il recommande des produits adaptés, explique les facteurs déclenchants et promeut des mesures préventives. Son accompagnement est essentiel pour l'observance des traitements topiques, guidant l'application, la fréquence d'utilisation et surveillant les effets secondaires potentiels. Le pharmacien explique ces nouveaux traitements, leur administration et assure leur suivi. Au delà du traitement médical, le pharmacien accompagne le patient dans la compréhension de sa maladie, en évaluant son impact psychologique et en proposant une écoute bienveillante qui contribue à améliorer sa qualité de vie
Target motion analysis using angular measurements and underwater sound pressure levels
No full textInternational audienceThis paper addresses the problem of target motion analysis using data acquired by sonars operating in passive mode. Most theoretical and applied studies rely solely on bearing information, and various filtering algorithms, especially particle filter methods, have demonstrated strong performance in this context. To improve upon existing approaches, bearing information is combined with received underwater sound pressure levels. This method requires no additional sensors compared to bearings-only trackings, as hydrophones — already used for beamforming — can also measure sound pressure levels. Additionally, underwater transmission losses can be estimated through simulations based on commonly available environmental data. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated using simulated data, showing improved performance — especially in scenarios without observer maneuvers. To increase realism, the impact of replacing bearing measurements with conical angle measurements is also investigated. These measurements account for both elevation and bearing angles, thereby providing a fairly comprehensive characterization of bottom-bounce paths commonly encountered under real-world conditions. This enables exploration of scenarios with different immersion levels for both target and observer. The results further emphasize the benefits of incorporating sound pressure levels measurements into the tracking process
VUV threshold photoelectron spectroscopy of SiS
No full textInternational audienceSilicon monosulfide (SiS) is an important molecule in astrochemistry likely linked to dust production through the formation of sulfide particles. This work presents the vacuum ultraviolet photoionisation of SiS formed in situ in a discharge flow reactor, in particular the threshold photoelectron spectrum covering the first three electronic states of the SiS+ cation. The rich vibronic structure is assigned with the support of ab initio calculations and a spin orbit coupling constant of −323 ± 41 cm−1 is measured for the ground state. Adiabatic ionisation energies (10.453 ± 0.003, 10.515 ± 0.003 and 13.802 ± 0.003 eV for the ground, first and second excited state, respectively) and vibrational frequencies are also extracted from the spectra, and combined with the existing thermochemical values yields the SiS+ dissociation energy (4.09 ± 0.01 eV)
Comparative study of data processing techniques for pancreatic islets in Organ-on-Chip applications
No full textInternational audienceOrgan-on-chip technology presents a promising platform to study complex physiological processes in a controlled environment. However organ-on-chip devices bring considerable constraints to online monitoring instrumentation. This study investigates methods for leveraging data from organ-on-chip systems designed for diabetic studies by processing recorded extracellular signals from pancreatic islets. The signal processing techniques used are designed to address the inherent constraints of microfluidics, particularly to provide online (real-time) readings and operate effectively in low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) conditions. This study assesses the performance of different algorithms using several detection approaches. Synthetic and experimental data were utilized to evaluate algorithm robustness to best account for biological variability. Among the algorithms tested, those based on frequency and time-frequency methods performed best when compared to conventional filtering and thresholding approaches, especially regarding robustness to noise and biological variability
Genotype-Phenotype Correlations in Denys-Drash Syndrome in Children
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction: Denys-Drash syndrome (DDS) is a rare disease typically associated with a triad of early onset nephrotic syndromes (NS), susceptibility to Wilms tumor (WT), and genitourinary structural defects. DDS is caused by Wilms’ tumor suppression gene (WT1) variants, with the most frequent variants in exons 8 and 9. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term clinical outcomes and genotype-to-phenotype correlations in a large, multicenter cohort of children with typical DDS. Methods: We conducted a national retrospective study of all children diagnosed with a pathogenic variant in WT1 exons 8 or 9 in France between 2000 and 2022. Results: Fifty-eight children with DDS and variants in exons 8 (n = 23) and 9 (n = 35) of the WT1 gene were identified. Half of the children presented with NS (57% congenital, median age at presentation 0.3 years [interquartile range, IQR: 0.0–0.6]). Twenty-nine percent of children developed WT at a median age of 1.2 (0.5–2.2) years. Children with a variant in exon 8 developed NS much earlier than those with a variant in exon 9 (P = 0.0048), regardless of the type of genetic variation, leading to earlyier kidney failure (KF) (0.3 vs.1.4 years respectively; P = 0.0001) and higher mortality (35% vs 9%, P = 0.02). More than 90% of the truncating variants were located in exon 9 and were significantly associated with the occurrence of WT compared with the DNA-binding-site variants (P < 0.0015). Conclusion: In our cohort, children's DDS clinical trajectory was associated with exon localization. In the era of genomic newborn screening, depicting genetic risk is of utmost importance for personalized patient care. © 2025 International Society of Nephrolog
Les consultations sans prescription écrite médicamenteuse : ressenti et vécu des médecins généralistes
No full textIntroduction: the overconsumption of medicines in France, was exacerbated by the 2022 health crisis, and has created supply problems. In parallel, a pattern of underconsumption is emerging, with patient’s reluctance to take drugs. Overprescription appears to be the result of the misconception that patients consistently expect medication, but the practice no longer meets current expectations. Method: this qualitative study explores the general practitioner’s feelings about consultations without a written prescription. Assisted by an interpretative phenomenological analysis, thirteen general practitioners working in the Lot et Garonne and Gironde responded to a semi-directed individual interview between February 2023 and May 2024. An axial coding and a thematic analysis with Nvivo software were applied. Results: the doctors concerned experienced consultations without a prescription as an achievement, and were satisfied and relieved when a relationship of trust appeared established. However, such consultation can also be stressful and lead to feelings of frustration and guilt in the face of patients’ dissatisfaction. Patient information has the ability to transform a paternalistic relationship into a therapeutic alliance, making the patient the ‘actor’ of his health. Physicians view this development as a positive outcome of their therapeutic education. Yet the informed patient can also be perceived as demanding, impatient and requesting a prescription. This metamorphosis of the patient into a “doctor” through information is experienced as an affront and defiance. Discussion: this study explores the dynamics underlying the consultation without prescription, and calls for further investigation, including quantitative research, to assess the long-term impact of prescribing policies.Introduction : la surconsommation médicamenteuse en France, exacerbée après la crise sanitaire de 2022, fait face à des tensions d’approvisionnement. En parallèle, la sous-consommation émerge, avec une réticence aux médicaments. La surprescription semblant résulter de l'idée erronée que les patients attendent systématiquement des médicaments, ne correspond plus aux attentes actuelles. Méthode : cette étude qualitative explore le ressenti des médecins généralistes face aux consultations sans prescription médicamenteuse écrite. S’inspirant d’une analyse interprétative phénoménologique, treize médecins exerçant dans le Lot et Garonne et en Gironde ont répondu à un entretien individuel semi-dirigé entre février 2023 et mai 2024. Un codage axial puis une analyse thématique avec le logiciel Nvivo ont été appliqués. Résultats : les consultations sans prescription sont vécues comme une victoire par les médecins, satisfaits et soulagés quand une relation de confiance semble établie. Toutefois, elles peuvent être stressantes et entraîner frustration et culpabilité face à l’insatisfaction des patients. L’information du patient, clef à l’acceptation de l’absence de prescription écrite, permettrait de délaisser la relation paternaliste, et de se tourner vers une alliance thérapeutique, rendant le patient acteur de sa santé. Les médecins voient cette évolution avec satisfaction, comme le fruit de leur éducation thérapeutique. Pourtant, le patient informé est aussi perçu comme exigeant, impatient et demandeur d’une prescription. Cette métamorphose du patient en “médecin” est vécue comme un affront et une défiance. Discussion : cette étude explore les dynamiques sous-jacentes à l’absence de prescription médicamenteuse, mais appelle toutefois à une réflexion poussée par de futures recherches, notamment quantitatives, afin d’évaluer l’impact à long terme des politiques de déprescription
Metallic mean Wang tiles I: self-similarity, aperiodicity and minimality
No full text60 pages, 24 numbered figures. v2: small change in title, fixed few typos, moved images of tilings at the end of introductionInternational audienceFor every positive integer n, we introduce a set T n made of (n + 3)^2 Wang tiles (unit squares with labeled edges). We represent a tiling by translates of these tiles as a configuration Z 2 → T n . A configuration is valid if the common edge of adjacent tiles have the same label. For every n ≥ 1, we show that the Wang shift Ω n defined as the set of valid configurations over the tiles T n is self-similar, aperiodic and minimal for the shift action. We say that {Ω n } n≥1 is a family of metallic mean Wang shifts since the inflation factor of the self-similarity of Ω n is the positive root of the polynomial x 2 -nx -1. This root is sometimes called the n-th metallic mean, and in particular, the golden mean when n = 1 and the silver mean when n = 2. When n = 1, the set of Wang tiles T 1 is equivalent to the Ammann aperiodic set of 16 Wang tiles