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Thermal and Ageing Characterizations of 55nm SiGe HBT
No full text#100International audienceIn this paper, the thermal model and dynamic stress of 55 nm Silicium Germanium Heterojunction BipolarTransistor (SiGe HBT) are investigated. The studied devices are all at emitter area AE = 0.2x5 μm². DC and pulsedmeasurements are performed to obtain the parameters representative to the thermal behaviour and feed the thermalmodel in HICUM/L2. The device is also stressed in DC and pulsed conditions to study their degradationmechanisms depending on the stress types. A comparison is realized between these two types of stress for VBE =0.75 V and V CE = 3.3 V observing a similar drift in I
État des lieux de la consultation de suivi de l’adolescent chez les médecins généralistes en Nouvelle-Aquitaine
No full textIntroduction: adolescence is a significant period of transformation in an individual's physical and psychosocial development. In France there are currently no collective screening recommendations. Materials and Methods: a descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted in Nouvelle-Aquitaine using self-administered questionnaires distributed to general practitioners. The primary objective was to estimate the topics’s prevalence addressed during adolescent follow-up consultations. Secondary objectives included gathering physicians' preferences regarding the consultation model wanted, the actual follow up and identifying differences in practice. Results: between November 2024 and March 2025, 267 general practitioners in Nouvelle-Aquitaine are surveyed. Some offer dedicated follow-up consultations, but adolescents are rarely seen alone. The most frequently addressed topics are Gardasil ® vaccine, and schooling, anthropometric data collection is frequently performed. In contrast, substance use, exposure to violence, and certain clinical examinations (Tanner staging, thyroid assessment) are rarely explored. Differences in practice are observed, primarily between male and female physicians. Most practitioners support the idea of an annual, mandatory follow up consultation lasting 30 minutes. Conclusion: this study highlights variability in the content of consultations, the frequency of certain screenings, and clinical examinations. Significant differences are observed based on the physician’s gender and other sociodemographic characteristics. Physicians appear to be engaged in the follow-up care of adolescents.Introduction : l’adolescence constitue une période clé du développement, marquée par d’importantes transformations physiques et psycho-sociales. En France, aucune recommandation de dépistage collectif systématique n’encadre actuellement le suivi de santé de cette population. Matériels et méthodes : une étude descriptive et transversale a été menée en Nouvelle-Aquitaine entre novembre 2024 et mars 2025. Un auto-questionnaire en ligne a été diffusé auprès de médecins généralistes installés. L’objectif principal est de décrire les thématiques abordées lors de la consultation de suivi de l’adolescent. Les objectifs secondaires visent à recueillir les préférences des médecins concernant l’organisation de cette consultation, le suivi actuellement réalisé et à analyser les variations de pratique. Résultats : 267 réponses complètes ont été analysées. Si certains médecins déclarent proposer des consultations dédiées, l’adolescent est encore rarement vu seul. Les sujets les plus abordés sont le vaccin Gardasil® et la scolarité, la prise des données anthropométriques est souvent effectuée. En revanche, les addictions, les violences et certains examens cliniques (stade de Tanner, thyroïde) sont peu explorés. Des différences de pratiques sont observées, notamment selon le sexe du médecin. La majorité des répondants se prononcent en faveur d’une consultation annuelle, obligatoire, d’une durée de 30 minutes. Conclusion : l’étude révèle une hétérogénéité des pratiques de suivi de l’adolescent en médecine générale, ainsi que des disparités associées à certains facteurs sociodémographiques. Les médecins apparaissent engagés dans le suivi des adolescents
À propos des effets d’une intervention fondée sur la pratique de la pleine conscience sur les troubles externalisés relevés chez des enfants d’âge scolaire
No full textInternational audienc
Approches solidaires dans l'accompagnement de femmes fragilisées et/ou victimes : étude anthropologique sur le rôle d’associations locales bordelaises
No full textThis research paper focuses on a study conducted with women supported by the associations Le Foyer and Insertion Femmes in Bordeaux. It examines the forms of solidarity that develop around vulnerable or victimized women. The observations and participations forming the basis of this approach were carried out with a diverse group of women: employees, volunteers, and aid recipients, during workshops, various activities, and an internship. Within the challenging context of violence and migration, the study aims to describe and analyze the solidarities observed, such as welcoming women victims andproviding support through listening and presence. It also seeks to examine the relationships between the different actors involved in this support, in order to reflect more broadly on the ethics of the accompanying role.Ce mémoire de recherche traite d'une enquête menée auprès de femmes accompagnées par les associations Le Foyer et Insertion Femmes à Bordeaux.. Il porte sur la question des solidarités se mettant en place autour de femmes fragilisées ou victimes. Les observations et participations sur lesquelles reposent cette approche ont pu être menées avec des femmes très différentes : salariées, bénévoles et bénéficiaires de l'aide, au cours d'ateliers, d'activités de formes diverses mais également d'un stage. Au sein d'un contexte difficile de violences et de migrations, il s'agit ici de faire état et d'interroger des solidarités observées, telles que l'accueil de femmes victimes, l'accompagnement par l'écoute mais aussi par la présence. Il s'agit également d'examiner les relations entre les différents acteurs impliqués dans cet accompagnement, afin de réfléchir plus largement à l'éthique de la posture d'accompagnement
When old maps step into the limelight in animated films
No full textInternational audienceAlthough fiction films, alongside novels, paintings, comic books in the field of still images, and video games in that of moving images, constitute spaces of artistic creation and narration that are of interest to geographers, studies specifically of animated films remain rare. But animated films are full of potential for geographic research and deserve our attention. The teams behind animated films do not just “reveal” a world; they design it, shape it, model it, draw it (whether in 2D or 3D). This article sets out in search of “cartes-mères,” maps that were clearly inspiring enough for animation teams to seize on them and make them appear in a meaningful way on screen: the map of the British Empire and portolan charts for the animated film (Lord & Newitt 2012) and the Roman map in the animated film Asterix: The Secret of the Magic Potion (Astier & Clichy 2018). The aim is to show how these famous maps become, in the hands of animation teams, actors in their own right in the two animated films, and to shed light on the story behind the artistic creation of Asterix’s “new map.
Discussion of Patricia Springborg’s latest book, Reading Hobbes Backwards. Leviathan, Papal Monarchy and Islam (2024)
No full textThis online colloquium is dedicated to discussing Patricia Springborg's book, Reading Hobbes Backwards: Leviathan, the Papal Monarchy, and Islam, published by Cambridge Scholars Publishers in October 2024. The discussion will commence with an introduction by Patricia Springborg followed by three critical commentaries, presented by Delphine Thivet, Jeffrey Collins, and Elad Carmel. Subsequently, the Professor Springborg will respond to her critics. We extend our gratitude to Cambridge Scholars Publishing for their support of this colloquium.Patricia Springborg is Honorary Professor in the Department of Government and International Relations at the University of Sydney, AustraliaInternational audience
A key to sustainable management of the grapevine downy mildew pathogen
No full textInternational audienceEurope is the historical cradle of viticulture, but cultivated grapevine has been increasingly threatened by pathogens of American origin. The invasive oomycete Plasmopara viticola causes downy mildew, one of the most devastating grapevine diseases worldwide. Current strategies for controlling P. viticola primarily relies on fungicide applications. Genetic analyses revealed that all invasive P. viticola populations stem from a single North American lineage associated with V. aestivalis. After its introduction into Europe, this lineage spread globally through secondary introductions, underscoring the importance of stricter regulation of international plant material movement to prevent further introductions of downy mildew [1]. As an alternative to fungicide-based control, we are exploring two strategies: deploying disease-resistant grapevine varieties and disrupting the pathogen’s sexual reproduction cycle.Our efforts have focused on understanding the dynamics of primary inoculum resulting from sexual reproduction, which play a critical role in initiating disease outbreaks. For the first time in oomycetes, the locus that determines mating types was described [2]. We then applied ddPCR to describe oospore distribution in vineyard soils. We found higher accumulation of oospores below vines than between rows, consistent with the distribution of grapevine leaf litter which accumulates at the base of the vines in autumn [3]. Finally, we found that removing grapevine leaves containing the pathogen’s oospores can significantly delay disease onset in the following season. Taken together, these results confirm that management strategies targeting the disruption of the pathogen’s sexual cycle could significantly enhance the control of downy mildew epidemics.The adoption of disease-resistant varieties (DRV) represents another promising innovation to significantly reduce fungicide use. However, while DRV are planted, P. viticola populations are demonstrating rapid adaptability, successfully overcoming the grapevine resistances [4]. Promoting sustainable resistance management therefore requires a deep understanding of the genetic interactions between the plant and the pathogen. We explore pathogen adaptation and provided the first description of candidate effectors of P. viticola involved in the interaction with 3 resistance factor of grapevine [5,6]. We discovered that strains overcoming Rpv3 and Rpv12 shared deletions that removed several effector genes. In contrast, the breakdown of Rpv10 appears to be driven by a dominant suppressor locus, likely introduced through a secondary introduction event of the pathogen into Europe. These findings illustrate the evolutionary diversity of virulence strategies used by P. viticola, from gene deletions to admixture-driven adaptation. The discovery of these avriulence loci has opened the door to the design of new molecular tools to monitor the evolution of grapevine downy mildew populations adapting to partial resistance of grapevine.[1] Fontaine et al. 2021. Current Biology, 31.10: 2155-2166.[2] Dussert et al. 2020. Current Biology, 30.20: 3897-3907 [3] Poyedebat et al. 2024. bioRxiv, 2024-07[4] Paineau et el. 2021. Phytopathology, 112.11: 2329-2340[5] Paineau et al. 2024. New Phytologist, 243.4: 1490-1505[6] Dvorak et al. 2025. bioRxiv, 2025-0
Geomorphological patterns and sedimentary facies in a modern mixed carbonate-siliciclastic lagoon (New Caledonia)
No full textInternational audienceThe New Caledonian lagoon is of particular interest for studying the controls on mixed carbonate-siliciclastic sedimentation. The large southwestern lagoon is bordered by a massive barrier reef only interrupted by few passes, while the narrower and shallower eastern lagoon is characterized by a more discontinuous barrier reef that is partially submerged to the South. Using bathymetric, backscatter imagery and seabed sampling, this study presents a sedimentary mapping at a 1/70,000 scale for four zones, using a harmonized facies classification and presented on a single panel (Main Map). This high-resolution mapping highlights the surface sediment distribution, the diversity of bioconstructed morphologies and the architecture of drainage networks. Our map suggests that the southwestern lagoon is more prone to fine-grained sedimentation than the southeastern lagoon. The latter shows meandering channels, in places parallel to the shore. These differences are likely due to inherited morphologies and to contrasted hydrodynamic conditions between both margins
Sous pression, l’Ukraine rétablit l’indépendance de ses agences anticorruption
No full textMoins de deux semaines après avoir restreint l’autonomie des agences anticorruption, le Parlement ukrainien a fait volte-face. Sous la pression de la rue et de Bruxelles, le parquet spécialisé anticorruption et le bureau national anticorruption, deux piliers institutionnels, retrouvent leur indépendance – un signal fort en écho aux aspirations de la révolution de Maïdan en 2014
