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Assessment of pesticide exposure among french agricultural workers throughout the year: preliminary results
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French recommendations for assessing and managing the risk of cancer before the initiation of targeted therapies for chronic rheumatic inflammatory diseases
No full textInternational audienceObjectiveChronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases (CIRDs) are associated with a higher risk of cancer due to persistent inflammation, immune dysregulation, and immunomodulatory therapies. The growing use of targeted therapies necessitates systematic cancer risk assessment prior to treatment initiation.ObjectiveTo develop practical recommendations for cancer risk assessment and management before initiating targeted therapies in patients with CIRDs, while balancing therapeutic benefits with oncologic safety.MethodsConducted under the French Society of Rheumatology, this initiative followed standardized procedures. A multidisciplinary task force was established, including rheumatologists, oncologists, pulmonologists, gynecologists, and patient representatives. Two systematic literature reviews (2005–2024) were performed to assess cancer risk in CIRD patients under conventional and targeted DMARDs. Recommendations were formulated based on evidence synthesis and expert consensus, with multiple voting rounds to establish levels of agreement.ResultsThe task force proposed three overarching principles and eight evidence-based recommendations. It advocated the application of general population cancer screening programs, adapted to the specific needs of immunocompromised patients with CIRDs. These adaptations may involve earlier and/or more frequent screening. Recommendations also support systematic risk assessment before initiating therapies, reinforced preventive strategies like HPV vaccination and smoking cessation, and at least one dermatologic evaluation during follow-up. Decisions regarding higher-risk therapies, such as JAK inhibitors and abatacept, should involve multidisciplinary discussions.ConclusionThese recommendations provide a practical, individualized framework for cancer risk assessment in CIRD patients. By integrating adapted screening, prevention, and shared decision-making, they aim to optimize patient safety while preserving disease control
Lipid droplets : New actors of the plant virus infection ?
No full textInternational audienceLipid droplets (LDs) are universal organelles found in most of organisms from archaea to eukaryotes. They are composed of a phospholipid monolayer embedding various proteins surrounding a neutral lipids core. They are essential for the cell lipid metabolism, in the energy storage in seed but also in vegetative tissues and in biotic and abiotic stresses. It has been shown that LDs are hijacked by some of animal positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses for the replication. Like animal viruses, plant positive-strand RNA viruses have to reroute host proteins, intracellular membranes, and lipids to create an optimized lipid/membrane microenvironment for their efficient viral replication compartment (VRC) assembly. However, the possible involvement of LDs in plant virus infection process has not been explored. In this study, we monitored LD biogenesis upon infection by the turnip mosaic virus (TuMV, potyvirus) in Aarabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana benthamiana. Using the confocal microscopy, we revealed that infection by TuMV induces LD biogenesis and a relocalisation of them close to VRCs. We also showed that, when ectopically expressed in N.benthamiana leaves the TuMV- 6K2 (the small transmembrane viral protein that induced ER-derived vesicles crucial for replication and movement) is sufficient to induce LD formation and to recruit LDs to those vesicles. Interestingly, we also showed that other potyviral species such as potato virus A and virus belonging to another genus, barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV, luteovirus) can also induce an increase of LDs number during N.benthamiana infection
Integration of Lateral Si/SiGe HBTs on Advanced FD-SOI Technology: Process Development and Challenges
No full textInternational audienceThis paper presents an integration of a lateral SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistor (LHBT) device on an advancedFully-Depleted-Silicon-On-Insulator (FD-SOI) CMOS process flow accompanied by a TCAD study. The analysis is based on physics principles, explaining the behavior of the LHBT device. Although the simulated device shows significantly high performance (fMAX), there are serious challenges in achieving the same performance on silicon. These challenges in creating highperformance devices in FD-SOI are presented.</p
Exploring the Reactivity of α-Halo Ethers with 2,3′-Anhydrothymidine and 2,2′-Anhydrouridine Derivatives
No full textInternational audienceAn efficient and simple procedure for direct halogenation of nucleoside furanose rings is developed using commercial α-halo ether reagents. The methodology enables simultaneous protection of the N 3-pyrimidine and halogenation of the ribose ring, starting from the corresponding readily accessible anhydro nucleosides. Several 2′- or 3′-halo-nucleoside derivatives are prepared in good yields under very mild reaction conditions
Interpreting Variability, Diversity, and Alterity in the Hominin Fossil Record
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Autour de l’estuaire girondin, à la charnière de l’ère chrétienne : un « paysage monétaire » renouvelé
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La prise en charge des erreurs : un angle d’analyse des pratiques enseignantes au regard des inégalités scolaires
No full textPerformance Evaluation of Neuromorphic Visual Attention Based on Proto-Objects
No full textInternational audienceHuman beings detects saliency in a visual scene using different mechanisms experimentally studied over the years, such as the detection of "proto-objects", i.e. salient regions in the visual scene where an object could plausibly be. Proto-object saliency-based models' ability to be both stable and adaptable to any scenario has caught the eye of researchers from both traditional and neuromorphic computer vision, who have often applied bio-inspired visual attention mechanisms to optimise their model. We introduce protoNVA, a novel neuromorphic model for end-to-end saliency detection in event-based visual scenes, drawing inspiration from perceptual grouping mechanisms. Our simulation results show that this model is both more efficient in terms of memory usage and energy consumption, as well as outperforms the saliency detection realised by the state-of-theart neuromorphic model for proto-objects detection. In addition, protoNVA achieves a better trade-off between architecture weight and saliency detection performance than existing neuromorphic models for visual attention, farther from biology and more suitable for hardware implementation.</div