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From Movement to Learning: Leveraging VR Behavioral Metrics to Evaluate Cognitive Load and Curiosity
No full textVirtual Reality (VR) is increasingly used in education due to its immersive and interactive capabilities, but its impact on cognitive load and curiosity remains underexplored, particularly regarding real-time behavioral indicators of cognitive load and curiosity. This study investigates how VR behavioral metrics-specifically hand and head movement patterns-can serve as objective, synchronous indicators of cognitive engagement and intrinsic motivation. A controlled experiment was conducted with 125 medical students, who engaged in a neuroanatomy learning task within a VR environment featuring varying levels of interactivity. Behavioral data, including movement entropy, exploration patterns, and gesture dynamics, were analyzed in relation to self-reported measures of cognitive load, motivation, and engagement. Results indicate that while greater hand movement was associated with lower intrinsic motivation, higher head movement correlated positively with germane cognitive load and intrinsic motivation, implying deeper cognitive engagement. Additionally, movement entropy emerged as a predictor of curiosity-driven learning, suggesting its potential as an indicator of learning behaviors in VR environments. These findings contribute to a better understanding of how behavioral data can complement traditional assessments of learning experiences in VR. They also highlight the need for further research into integrating movement-based metrics with instructional design to support engagement and learning outcomes
Rôle des arts en santé Publique : opinion des étudiants de l'École des Beaux-Arts de Bordeaux
No full textArt and Public Health, though seemingly distinct, can intersect meaningfully. Art, as a creative expression, and public health, focused on collective well-being, can influence society together. However, the perception of this connection by artists remains understudied. This study aimed to explore how art students at the Bordeaux School of Beaux-Arts in 2024 perceive art's impact on public health, its potential collaboration with health professionals, and its influence on their artistic practices. Findings showed that 65% of respondents felt artistic freedom in France must respect ethical and legal limits. Additionally, 61% believed art could have both positive and negative public health impacts, noting harmful effects on vulnerable groups like youth. Most participants (61%) were open to collaboration with public health professionals. In conclusion, the study highlights art students' awareness of their work's public health implications and their willingness to contribute positively.L'Art et la Santé publique, bien que semblant à première vue être des domaines distincts, peuvent interagir. L'Art, en tant qu'expression créative, et la santé publique, dédiée au bien-être collectif, peuvent se croiser pour influencer la société. Cependant, la perception par les artistes de ce lien et du rôle potentiel de l’art en santé publique n'ont pas été étudiés. Ainsi, les objectifs de cette étude étaient de décrire la façon dont les étudiants en Arts se représentaient l’effet et le rôle que l’Art pouvait avoir en santé publique et la façon dont cela pouvait influencer leur pratique artistique, ainsi que les possibilités d’interaction, de collaboration entre art et santé publique. Une étude transversale a été réalisée auprès des étudiants de l’École des Beaux-Arts de Bordeaux en 2024 à l’aide d’un questionnaire en ligne. La majorité des répondant(e)s (65%) considéraient que la liberté d’expression artistique en France n’était pas absolue et devait respecter certaines limites éthiques et légales. De même, une majorité (61%) estimait que l’art pouvait avoir des impacts à la fois positifs et négatifs vis-à-vis de la santé publique. En particulier, des représentations positives de comportements à risque pour la santé pouvaient exercer une influence néfaste sur un public vulnérable comme les jeunes. La plupart des répondant(e)s (61%) se sont dit ouvert(e)s à collaborer avec des professionnels de la santé publique dans le cadre de projets artistiques. En conclusion, cette étude a mis en évidence la sensibilisation des étudiants en Arts sur les effets potentiel de leur pratique dans l’espace publique sur la santé publique et leur disposition à contribuer à l’améliorer
De la comunidad a la cooperativa y viceversa: ¿continuidades, rupturas o transiciones en proyectos de turismo de base comunitario en México?
No full textInternational audienceThe classical questioning of the articulation between «community» and «cooperatives» acquires a new relevance in the context of the ecosocial transition. Beyond the postulate of fit or alterity between both types of institutions, this article proposes a nuanced framework of analysis informed by field studies to reposition the issue on the social and solidarity economy research agenda. First, based on a selective literature review, some research avenues are proposed on the topicality of the community and cooperative debate in the context of current ecosocial transitions. Secondly, we propose a frameworkof analysis to understand the «community»-«cooperatives» relationship, which we will focus in the third section on the community-based tourism sector in rural and peasant areas in Mexico. The last section proposes to extend this analytical framework to other alternatives built in response to the challenges of the ecosocial transition.El cuestionamiento clásico sobre la articulación entre «comunidad» y «cooperativas» adquiere una nueva relevancia en el contexto de la transición ecosocial. Mas allá del postulado de adecuación o de alteridad entre ambos tipos de instituciones, se propone en este artículo un marco de análisis matizado e informado por estudios de campo, para reubicar el tema sobre la agenda de investigación en economía social y solidaria. Primero, basándonos en una reseña selectiva de la bibliografía, se proponen algunas pistas de investigación sobre la actualidad del debate sobre «comunidad» y «cooperativas» en el contexto de las transiciones ecosociales actuales. En segundo lugar, se propone un marco de análisis para entender la relación «comunidad»-«cooperativa», el mismo que enfocaremos en el tercer epígrafe, dedicado al sector del turismo comunitario en zonas rurales y campesinas en México. En el último epígrafe, se propone extender ese marco analítico a otras alternativas construidas en respuesta a los retos de la transición ecosocial
Charte d’accès aux Services d’IN-SYLVA France
No full textThis charter is intended for anyone wishing to carry out a project that requests Services from the Research Infrastructure (RI) IN-SYLVA France. It sets out the terms and conditions of such request. The best practices proposed in this charter will enable IN-SYLVA France to welcome and support projects.La présente charte est destinée à toute personne souhaitant porter un projet qui sollicite des Services de l’Infrastructure de Recherche (IR) IN-SYLVA France et en présente les modalités de sollicitation. Les bonnes pratiques proposées dans cette charte permettent à IN-SYLVA France de bien accueillir les projets et de les accompagner
Hydration of 3-Methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic Acid (MBTCA) Evidenced by Matrix-Isolation Infrared Spectroscopy
No full textInternational audienceHydration mechanism of 3-methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic acid (MBTCA), a relevant marker of secondary organic aerosol formation from the atmospheric oxidation of -pinene, has been investigating using matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy technique. The experimental results were supported by theoretical calculations. Monomers of MBTCA and heterocomplexes MBTCA-n(H2O) were identified. The presence of intramolecularly H-bonded monomers was experimentally identified in accordance with the calculations. Hetero-complexes i.e., aggregates with water, were found much more stable than homo complexes. The results clearly demonstrate the affinity of MBTCA carboxylic functions for water molecules and thus, its ability to form H-bond network leading to the solvation of the molecule. This is the first experimental observation evidencing the primary hydration stages of one relevant marker of SOA (Secondary Organic Aerosols) formation and ageing. Although fundamental, such a molecular study helps in a better understanding of critical steps in cloud condensation nuclei formation
Expert Study on Interpretable Machine Learning Models with Missing Data
No full textInherently interpretable machine learning (IML) models provide valuable insights for clinical decision-making but face challenges when features have missing values. Classical solutions like imputation or excluding incomplete records are often unsuitable in applications where values are missing at test time. In this work, we conducted a survey with 71 clinicians from 29 trauma centers across France, including 20 complete responses to study the interaction between medical professionals and IML applied to data with missing values. This provided valuable insights into how missing data is interpreted in clinical machine learning. We used the prediction of hemorrhagic shock as a concrete example to gauge the willingness and readiness of the participants to adopt IML models from three classes of methods. Our findings show that, while clinicians value interpretability and are familiar with common IML methods, classical imputation techniques often misalign with their intuition, and that models that natively handle missing values are preferred. These results emphasize the need to integrate clinical intuition into future IML models for better human-computer interaction
Miniaturised cooler-buncher for reduction of longitudinal emittance at IGISOL
No full textInternational audienceA new linear Paul trap section has been constructed to replace the existing bunching section of the radiofrequency quadrupole (RFQ) cooler-buncher at the IGISOL radioactive ion beam facility. The cooler-buncher is used to transform a continuous ion beam to temporally short bursts of ions. The new miniaturised cooler-buncher section produces significantly shorter bunches in time, required by the new Multi-Reflection Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer. In this article, we report on the longitudinal properties of the ion bunches and compare the results to an analytical model derived for axial distributions of ions confined in a harmonic trap at thermodynamical equilibrium with a heat bath. The new buncher configuration delivers <75ns full-width at half-maximum bunches with a longitudinal emittance of 200 eVns. The bunches have a full-width at half-maximum energy spread of 10 eV. Total transmission efficiency of 45%–65% has been measured from the isotope separator focal plane through the RFQ cooler-buncher, Multi-Reflection Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer and JYFLTRAP double Penning trap
Carbon and nitrogen stocks and distributions associated with different vegetation covers and soil profiles in Abisko, northern Sweden.
No full textInternational audienceThe composition of vegetation cover in Arctic environments is evolving due to climate change. This study focused on estimating carbon and nitrogen stocks in vegetation and soil for different Arctic habitats (i.e., sub-ecosystem environments) with contrasted plant communities and soil profiles, to better understand the spatial variation of these stocks and the relationships between aboveground vegetation and soil characteristics in these environments. Vegetation composition and soil characteristics were measured in different habitats in a mire and a heathland ecosystem in northern Sweden. Multivariate analyses were used to define dominant vegetation and soil profile types, and carbon and nitrogen stocks were computed and compared across these types. Shrub-dominated and graminoid-dominated vegetation types presented similar carbon stocks but different nitrogen stocks, and shrub-dominated environments presented significantly higher proportions of their stocks distributed in the long-lived (i.e., woody) compartment. Soil stocks varied considerably between ecosystems. However, no clear relationships could be established between current vegetation community composition and soil carbon and nitrogen stocks across environments. The increase in shrub or graminoid abundance may affect carbon and nitrogen cycles most through biomass distribution between plant compartments rather than through the absolute stocks they represent. Ultimately, in arctic and subarctic ecosystems experiencing climate change, the interactions between plant biomass composition and soil characteristics could have contrasted consequences for ecological functioning and C and N cycles
A semi-implicit exactly fully well-balanced relaxation scheme for the Shallow Water Linearized Moment Equations
No full textWhen dealing with shallow water simulations, the velocity profile is often assumed to be constant along the vertical axis. However, since in many applications this is not the case, modeling errors can be significant. Hence, in this work, we deal with the Shallow Water Linearized Moment Equations (SWLME), in which the velocity is no longer constant in the vertical direction, where a polynomial expansion around the mean value is considered. The linearized version implies neglecting the non-linear terms of the basis coefficients in the higher order equations. As a result, the model is always hyperbolic and the stationary solutions can be more easily computed. Then, our objective is to propose an efficient, accurate and robust numerical scheme for the SWLME model, specially adapted for low Froude number situations. Hence, we describe a semi-implicit second order exactly fully well-balanced method. More specifically, a splitting is performed to separate acoustic and material phenomena. The acoustic waves are treated in an implicit manner to gain in efficiency when dealing with subsonic flow regimes, whereas the second order of accuracy is achieved thanks to a polynomial reconstruction and Strang-splitting method. We also exploit a reconstruction operator to achieve the fully well-balanced character of the method. Extensive numerical tests demonstrate the well-balanced properties and large speed-up compared to traditional methods
Young Professionals Events at the 2024 European Microwave Week [Young Professionals]
No full textInternational audienceProvides society information that may include news, reviews or technical notes that should be of interest to practitioners and researchers