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High-resolution morpho-sedimentary and paleoenvironmental evolution of Akka Wadi (Drâa Basin, Morocco) from Late Pleistocene to Holocene
No full textInternational audienceThe fluvial evolution of southern Morocco during the Late Quaternary, particularly in non-Mediterranean basins such as the Wadi Akka, a tributary of the Drâa, remains poorly documented. This study presents the first chronostratigraphic framework for the Wadi Akka formations, based on a high-resolution reconstruction of fluvial dynamics and paleoenvironmental changes since the end of the last interglacial period. The analysis follows a multiproxy approach, combining geomorphological, sedimentological, and geochemical data, and is supported by 13 radiocarbon and four optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages. Nine main stratigraphic units reveal alternating phases of aggradation, pedosedimentary stability, and incision, associated with climatic fluctuations from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5b (~82 ka) to the late Holocene. During MIS 3 (~40 ka cal BP), a low-energy hydromorphic environment prevailed, marked by fine sedimentation and soil development under relatively humid conditions. The early African Humid Period (11.400-9.700 cal BP) is characterized by fluvio-lacustrine settings, peat layers, and tufa deposits, indicating stable, wet environments. Conversely, arid phases are marked by significant incision and sedimentary hiatuses, particularly between 9.500-8.500 and after 6.000 cal BP. Alluviation phases are also dated to around 7 200 and 656-579 cal BP. The presence of tuf deposits and travertine dams indicates peaks in humidity, especially during the beginning of Little Ice Age. Finally, comparison with other regional archives has allowed for the reconstruction of Upper Pleistocene and Holocene paleoenvironmental conditions at both regional and supra-regional scales, highlighting the correspondence between phases recorded in the Akka Plain and broader climatic events in the region
Un monnayage d’imitation au type Élaia (Éolide d’Asie) ? L’apport des analyses élémentaires dans le classement des monnaies d’argent de la cité
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Une résurgence de Boko Haram et de l'Iswap ? [PODCAST]
No full textAnalyse de Vincent Foucher, docteur en science politique et chercheur au CNRS, et invité de Keisha Mougani à Africa MatinLes attaques se multiplient dans le nord et le nord-est du Nigeria. Si certaines sont le fait de bandes armées, d’autres ont été commises par le mouvement terroriste Boko Haram et sa faction ISWAP, qui opèrent également au Niger, au Tchad et au Cameroun. Vincent Foucher, docteur en sciences politiques et chercheur au CNRS, était l’invité d’Africa Radio ce vendredi 30 mai
Eloge prononcé par Lionel Larré à l'occasion de la remise du titre de docteure honoris causa à Joy Harjo
No full textInternational audienceOn November 24, 2025, Joy Harjo, Mvskoke author, Poet Laureate of the United States from 2019 to 2022, received an honoris causa doctorate from Bordeaux Montaigne University. This speech is a tribute to her work.Le 24 novembre 2025, Joy Harjo, autrice mvskoke, Poet Laureate des Etats-Unis de 2019 à 2022, a reçu le titre de docteure honoris causa de l'Université Bordeaux Montaigne. Un éloge de son oeuvre fut prononcé lors de la cérémonie
Book Review: Residual Governance: How South Africa Foretells Planetary Futures
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Rapport final de l'ANR ELIPS
No full textThe introduction to the Research Companion on Personal Status Laws and Equality examines the persistence of legal pluralism in matters of personal status across 33 countries in Africa and Asia, as well as in Greece. Although the coexistence of multiple personal status laws may appear incompatible with the modern principle of equality before the law, it remains a defining feature of the legal systems governing the private lives of over one billion people. The volume investigates the tension between, on the one hand, constitutional and international guarantees of equality and non-discrimination, and, on the other, the continuing application of differentiated family law regimes based on religious affiliation.Seeking to fill a major gap in comparative legal scholarship, the Research Companion adopts a multi- and trans-disciplinary approach that integrates legal theory, history, sociology, and anthropology. It advances the concept of a “socio-historical jurisprudence” to connect plural legal orders with evolving understandings of equality and citizenship. Developed within the Equality and Law in Personal Status (ELIPS) project funded by the French National Research Agency (ANR), the work brings together scholars from several French and international research institutions.The first part of the volume lays the conceptual and methodological foundations for analyzing personal status laws. It explores their historical (often colonial) origins, identifies borderline cases that blur the boundaries of legal pluralism, illustrates the praxeological method through the study of interfaith marriages in Indonesia, and proposes a dynamic typology of legal systems informed by social movements and reform debates, notably in Lebanon and India.The second part comprises detailed country studies based on fieldwork, court decisions, and interviews with legal practitioners, activists, and citizens. Collectively, these analyses illuminate the complex relationship between legal diversity and equality, providing tools for reflection on reform pathways that reconcile respect for religious and cultural pluralism with the universal ideal of equality before the law.L'introduction du Research Companion on Personal Status Laws and Equality examine la persistance du pluralisme juridique en matière de statut personnel dans 33 pays d'Afrique et d'Asie, ainsi qu'en Grèce. Bien que la coexistence de multiples lois sur le statut personnel puisse sembler incompatible avec le principe moderne d'égalité devant la loi, elle reste une caractéristique déterminante des systèmes juridiques régissant la vie privée de plus d'un milliard de personnes. Cet ouvrage examine la tension qui existe entre, d'une part, les garanties constitutionnelles et internationales d'égalité et de non-discrimination et, d'autre part, l'application continue de régimes de droit familial différenciés fondés sur l'appartenance religieuse.Cherchant à combler une lacune importante dans la recherche juridique comparative, le Research Companion adopte une approche multidisciplinaire et transdisciplinaire qui intègre la théorie juridique, l'histoire, la sociologie et l'anthropologie. Il développe le concept de « jurisprudence socio-historique » afin de relier les ordres juridiques pluriels à une conception évolutive de l'égalité et de la citoyenneté. Développé dans le cadre du projet Égalité et droit dans le statut personnel (ELIPS) financé par l'Agence nationale de la recherche (ANR), cet ouvrage rassemble des chercheurs de plusieurs institutions de recherche françaises et internationales
La tragédie du viol. Un cas classique d’invisibilisation
No full textInternational audienceLa tragédie est un genre où le viol semble un sujet attendu, puisque capable de provoquer crainte et pitié, de mettre en scène la violence et sa déploration. Partout en Europe où ce genre, ressuscité par les humanistes de la Renaissance, s’est imposé comme un genre de référence, on trouve des tragédies qui traitent du viol. Partant, les dramaturges ont dû répondre à deux questions : d’une part, il leur fallait résoudre un problème esthétique de représentation : comment représenter sur scène le viol, crime sexuel et donc d’une certaine façon plus obscène que les crimes de sang ? D’autre part, comment faire entrer le viol dans le corpus des sujets tragiques, alors que la tragédie est un genre noble, censé traiter d’enjeux politiques avec de vastes perspectives morales ? En comparant plus particulièrement Scédase ou l’hospitalité violée, l’une des tragédies qui a le plus contribué à la renommée d’Alexandre Hardy et La Très Lamentable Tragédie romaine de Titus Andronicus de William Shakespeare, nous verrons comment les choix opérés par les dramaturges en disent beaucoup sur la littérature, comme production culturelle mais aussi comme fait de société
La grâce et la douceur dans l’art épistolaire de la Renaissance française :une quête d’autonomie ?
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Sounds of Life: A FAIR Platform to Unlock the Potential of ioacoustic Data for Discovery and Interoperability
No full textInternational audienceContext and motivation Ecoacoustics is an emerging discipline that studies environmental sounds across spatial and temporal scales to understand biodiversity and ecosystem dynamics, from species behaviour to landscape-level change (Sueur and Farina 2015). Soundscapes encompass biological, abiotic, and anthropogenic acoustic sources, providing a comprehensive and dynamic view of ecosystems. Despite the increasing abundance of recordings collected worldwide, environmental acoustic data remain scattered, inconsistently described, and difficult to reuse due to the absence of shared international standards and interoperable workflows (Sugai et al. 2019). To unlock this latent wealth into actionable biodiversity knowledge, structuring and interoperability are essential. The Sounds of Life initiative Launched in 2023, Sounds of Life (SoL) unites over a dozen French institutions bridging ecology, ecoacoustics, geography, and information sciences. Coordinated by CNRS-UMR Passages and labelised by Huma-Num, the French national infrastructure for digital humanities, SoL aims to build a shared FAIR framework (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) for environmental acoustic data. The initiative brings together research groups across France such as CEFE, ISYEB, CESCO, INRAE, Lab-STICC, and others, combining biodiversity expertise with data science and infrastructure design. At the heart of the project is a FAIR-by-design platform that operationalizes the full pipeline: ingest, enrich, annotate, and publish. Through a web-based user interface (Homo et al. 2025), users can import audio files from local or cloud sources. A CSV mapping step lets users attach a first layer of structured metadata on upload, while built-in validators check required and recommended fields for GBIF-ready publication. These imported records are shared in a library, enabling collaboration in workspaces. Vocabulary services power autocomplete and normalization. A customizable spectrogram viewer Fig. 1 enables users to annotate precise time-frequency regions, add comments and provenance. Sets of records, called datasets, can be defined with mappings to Darwin Core terms and packaged as Darwin Core Archives (DwCA) with GBIF compliance indicators. Support for persistent identifiers in publication workflows is planned for the near future. Lessons learned from the pilot Building SoL around the FAIR principles revealed key lessons in representing acoustic data within biodiversity standards such as Darwin Core. A first challenge concerned multi-species soundscapes, which are difficult to represent within models that assume a single occurrence per recording. While Darwin Core handles single-taxon recordings well, real soundscapes often include several species and non-biological sounds. In our GBIF/TDWG-aligned profile, each recording is modeled as an Event and each detection as an Occurrence linked to that Event, with the media held via the Simple Multimedia extension. Time-frequency annotations are stored alongside detections, and exports reference the same media record. This design remains GBIF-compatible but reveals friction when publishing dense, multi-species scenes, highlighting the need for a community pattern or lightweight extension supporting multi-label audio. Another key finding concerned vocabulary load. Beyond the about 190 Darwin Core terms, more than 60 additional fields from 10 domain vocabularies were required for taxonomy, geography, devices, and traits. To keep forms usable, we applied progressive field display strategy (required or optional), use-case presets, and GBIF-ready validation. A minimal acoustic profile (about 25 fields) complemented by an extended layer could provide a practical balance between expressiveness and usability. We also faced structural challenges with the lack of a central schema enforcing consistency between Event, Occurrence, and MeasurementOrFact cores. We added consistency rules and export checks to reduce hidden errors. Documenting such patterns in a concise TDWG guidance note would help others align acoustic workflows with existing biodiversity standards. Overall, these lessons underline that interoperability is as much about design and usability as it is about technical standards. Shared profiles, cross-field validation rules, and clear community guidance will make FAIR acoustics both achievable and sustainable at scale. Collaboration, AI-readiness, and next steps Beyond technical design, SoL enables collaborative curation between ecologists, data specialists, and sound engineers, aligning vocabularies and improving reproducibility across studies, supporting the growing use of environmental sound as a measurable ecological signal. While the current pilot focuses on metadata management and annotation, it is intentionally AI-ready. Consistent, well-structured, and traceable data are prerequisites for automated detection, soundscape classification, and large-scale monitoring. Recent syntheses (e.g., Hoefer et al. (2023)) in passive acoustic monitoring emphasize the need for standardized, comparable datasets to enable robust cross-site analyses. Looking ahead, SoL aims to scale carefully beyond its pilot phase and contribute back to the TDWG/GBIF community through shared profiles and reference datasets. In the short term, through mid-2026, we are seeking input from TDWG and GBIF experts, ecoacoustics researchers, and data publishers to review our Darwin Core profile for acoustic data (Event/Occurrence + Multimedia) and controlled vocabularies for sound types and scenes; test end-to-end exports (DwC-A to IPT/GBIF) using real multi-species soundscapes; contribute pilot datasets across biomes to evaluate FAIRness, traceability, and reusability; and co-design AI-ready benchmark corpora with clear licensing, balanced labels, and robust metadata. review our Darwin Core profile for acoustic data (Event/Occurrence + Multimedia) and controlled vocabularies for sound types and scenes; test end-to-end exports (DwC-A to IPT/GBIF) using real multi-species soundscapes; contribute pilot datasets across biomes to evaluate FAIRness, traceability, and reusability; and co-design AI-ready benchmark corpora with clear licensing, balanced labels, and robust metadata. Our goal is to align these efforts with European and global infrastructures so that acoustic evidence becomes durable and comparable at scale