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Optimizing Procurement Process: Addressing Inefficiencies and Gaps
No full textThis research touches on a case study of Alkaram Textile Mills (AKTM) and seeks to analyze the procurement process and look for ways in which efficiency can be improved through the adoption of information technology. Using semi structured interviews with AKTM personnel and industry reports, the study establishes important findings concerning the procurements challenges faced by the firm. As a result, key areas of concern identified include manual operations where there is overload such as Bill of Materials (BOM) creation and Request for Quotation (RFQ) processes. These problems are compounded by the fact that the current Oracle ERP system is not used optimally for these tasks, forcing employees to improvise with other systems to accomplish these tasks, which only adds to the burden. Also, information silos and slow marketing approval hinder lead time and hence procurement efficiency. The report recommends several strategic solutions: Automated BOM Creation: To avoid having to manually input data and also to create BOMs more efficiently, the organization should undertake an Oracle bulk item upload process. Integrated Information System: Optimizing decision-making and reducing dependence on manual reports through implementing a centralized dashboard for real-time visibility of inventory status, vendors, and project progress. Enhanced Communication Protocols: Defining procedures for the interaction between departments/cross-department data sharing to minimize delays due to misunderstandings. Training and Development: Offering extensive training to employees on the efficient use of the Oracle ERP system as well as all other tools acquired to enhance efficiency. These recommendations are intended to help AKTM redesign its procurement process by implementing digital solutions to improve data handling and streamline interactions between departments. It is forecasted that the application of those strategies would eventually enhance the performance of procurement activities, which in turn enable AKTM to strengthen its position in the international textile sector. So, it is possible to state that the adoption of the superior data management instruments and strengthening of interdepartmental cooperation are the main strategic factors that can further preserve AKTM’s competitive advantage. If implemented, the above solutions will help AKTM xi to deal effectively with the existing problems and pursue its objectives to make significant improvements in the procurement supply chain for the constant success and innovation of the textile sector
\u27Technological Ecosystem Holds Immense Potential\u27
No full textSindh Chief Minister Murad Ali Shah addressed IBA Karachi’s convocation, emphasizing the role of educational institutions in shaping Pakistan’s future. He urged graduates to embrace advancements in artificial intelligence, data science, and digital transformation. Shah also highlighted IBA’s upcoming 70-year milestone and its commitment to academic excellence, with 67% of faculty holding PhD degrees. He stressed the potential of Pakistan’s technological ecosystem and youth to contribute globally
Categorizing Online Learners’ Persistence and Dropout Factors and Examining More Knowledgeable Others (MKO) Impact on their Self-Efficacy and Self-Deterministic Beliefs
No full textThe rapid development and integration of social and educational technologies are reshaping modern education, with online learning becoming increasingly prevalent. Teachers and students embrace its convenience, accessibility, and innovative approaches. Technology facilitates access to resources and enables dynamic virtual interactions among learners and instructors, regardless of physical distance. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated this shift, positioning online learning as a widely accepted alternative to traditional education. However, online programs often face low completion rates, resulting in financial challenges for providers and reduced motivation among learners, which may discourage future enrolment. These issues hinder the full potential of online learning and impact all involved stakeholders. Addressing them is essential to ensure the continued growth and effectiveness of online education. While previous studies have explored persistence and dropout, fragmented frameworks and isolated analyses have limited their effectiveness. This research responds by developing a comprehensive framework in post-secondary education, organizing factors into logically cohesive categories. An extensive review of studies since 2001 was conducted using databases including Education Research Complete, ProQuest, ERIC,JSTOR, and PsycInfo, with further searches via Google Scholar and the snowball technique. After rigorous screening, relevant factors were identified and grouped using the Constant Comparative Method (CCM).The review highlights isolation, reduced engagement, low self-belief, and diminished motivation as major contributors to dropout. Therefore, the study further explores the impact of Vygotsky’s concept of More Knowledgeable Others (MKO) scaffolding on learners’ self-determination and self-efficacy, the two key psychological attributes influencing persistence. These were examined in relation to perceived learning and retention intention. Using Self-Determination and Self-Efficacy theories, a research model was proposed and validated through structural equation modelling (SEM).Within this study, the premise is established by introducing MKO intervention as contextual support. SEM analysis suggests that MKO intervention has a significant positive effect on the self-deterministic and self-efficacy beliefs of an online learner with p \u3c .001and p \u3c .1 respectively. This support positively influences the basic needs of the learner (p\u3c .001), ultimately leading to a significant enhancement of self-determined motivation (p\u3c .001). Positive influences of self-determined motivation are observed on perceived learning (p \u3c .1) and retention intention (p \u3c .1), the learning outcomes within the scope of this study. Furthermore, the analysis has also revealed that MKO intervention has significant effects on self-efficacy, thereby, leading to improved learning outcomes, that is, perceived learning (p \u3c .001) and retention Intention (p \u3c .01).This study acknowledges limitations, including potential CCM gaps, ethical restrictions on contextual depth, and the lack of standardized tools for evaluating MKO interaction quality. Future research could further explore additional factors such as resilience and peer support
Emotionscan: Facial recognization and mood detection system
No full textHuman emotions, as reflected through facial expressions, provide a vital medium for understanding psychological states and overall well-being. This research focuses on developing a real-time mood detection system utilizing advanced deep learning techniques, including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and the Dynamic Dual Attention Mixed Feature Network++ (DDAMFN++) model. By leveraging the AffectNet dataset, a comprehensive collection of annotated facial expressions, the system identifies emotions such as happiness, sadness, anger, and neutrality with remarkable accuracy. The DDAMFN++ model incorporates dynamic attention mechanisms to effectively analyze spatial and temporal features, while CNNs enable precise feature extraction from facial expressions. Integrated with OpenCV for real-time video processing and Spotify\u27s API for mood-based music recommendations, the system bridges cutting-edge technology with practical applications. A robust token management framework supports seamless integration with external services. This project represents a significant step toward creating responsive digital environments that enhance emotional well-being. By delivering accurate emotion detection and actionable interventions, it provides a novel solution for real-time mental health support and personalized user experienc
Mock Interviews
No full texthttps://ir.iba.edu.pk/career-development-center-gallery/1036/thumbnail.jp
Mock Interviews
No full texthttps://ir.iba.edu.pk/career-development-center-gallery/1051/thumbnail.jp
Feasibility study of EV charging stations for PSO: market potential and business viability
No full textPakistan is relatively a small market when it comes to the use of electric vehicles (EVs). However, this also spells a plethora of opportunities for potential investors in this sector. The Ministry of Climate Change has charted out a policy for EV in 2019, however, with the new government in place last year, The New Energy Vehicle Policy 2025-2030 being framed envisages an ambitious road map for the transportation sector in Pakistan. New targets have been set to facilitate 30% new EV sales in 2030 and 90% by 2040. This ambitious target offers a huge opportunity for the development of the charging infrastructure for the EVs in Pakistan. The report is aimed at evaluating the market potential for EV charging stations and explore their business viability in Pakistan. The study assesses the current demand for 4-wheeler electric vehicles in urban and suburban areas of Pakistan. The paper investigates the market segmentation, targeting, and positioning for EV charging solutions. It also analyzes consumer perceptions about EVs, potential demand hotspots, and explores the growth prospects. The study further evaluates the regulatory environment in Pakistan and what kind of policies are being framed to facilitate the progress of this sector. Some of these dimensions include analyzing the tariffs, incentives for green energy, and government support for EV adoption. The research further investigates economic factors such as the cost of electricity, subsidies for EV-related infrastructure, and financial incentives for businesses investing in green technologies
Examining factors leading to higher employee motivation and retention: a study of International Steels Limited
No full textThe study was conducted on International Steels Limited (ISL) with an aim to identify factors that are useful to motivate and retain employees of ISL apart from being promoted to higher designation. In addition to that, the other purpose of the study was to identify factors which can motivate high performers of the company to work. The study was conducted into two steps and the study was able to identify various factors which were then grouped into 5 major factors i.e. Organizational health climate, Work life balance, Effort reward imbalance, Discretionary HR practices and Organizational politics. These factors were then utilized for second stage of the research in which the quantitative data was collected from ISL’s employees, as a respond data was collected and interpreted in this study after analysis
Understanding shopper journey through eye tracking
No full textThe aim of this research is to determine how consumer’s preferences and buying behavior are influenced by various factors, specifically the interaction of psychological and social factors with the marketing mix, as observed through eye-tracking.
As a result of the geo-political conflict in the Middle East in the Gaza strip, there was a massive movement around the world to boycott brands and products of companies that were directly or indirectly supporting the cause of the conflict. The movement also gained momentum in Pakistan with consumers actively participating in the boycott of imported products. This study investigates the impact of the social boycott of products of international companies and brands in Pakistan on consumer’s buying decisions.
More specifically the research analyzes the consumer’s response to the social dilemma in the context of grocery shopping. It also examines how other factors such as brand loyalty, product attributes, etc., in conjunction with the social boycott take precedence over others during consumer’s decision-making process.
In conclusion, our research provides a comprehensive understanding of consumer behavior in grocery shopping, highlighting the complexity of consumer decision-making processes. The findings reveal that consumers\u27 purchasing decisions are influenced by a blend of habitual shopping patterns, brand loyalty, socio-political movements, pricing strategies, and marketing tactics. The study emphasizes the importance of considering a variety of factors, including emotional connections, family influences, and personal priorities, in understanding consumer behavior.
The qualitative approach, combining eye-tracking technology observations with in-depth interviews, allowed for a rich and nuanced exploration of the shopper journey. The identified themes illustrate the diverse and multifaceted nature of consumer behavior, offering valuable insights for academia and practical applications in the retail industry.
Overall, our study significantly contributes to the field of consumer behavior and neuromarketing, providing key insights into the factors that influence grocery shopping decisions and highlighting the need for retailers to adopt a holistic approach in their marketing strategies to cater to the varied preferences and priorities of consumers
Adoption of Digital Twin Technology at Engro | Opportunities & Challenges
No full textEngro Group is one of the leading conglomerates in Pakistan operating a mix of Fertilizer, Petrochemical, Energy, and chemical storage terminals contributing strongly to Pakistan’s economy and addressing the pressing needs through strong leadership commitment towards safety, efficiency, and innovation to drive the growth and become a benchmark for local and international competitors. The company has demonstrated a deep desire to improve the competitiveness of manufacturing and business operations by adoption of 4th industrial revolution and assembling a team of professionals to lead digital transformation in all subsidiaries. Machine learning has earned a significant position recently after the successful demonstration of several use cases in health care, aviation, and other domains while adoption of technology is relatively slow in manufacturing organizations due to associated business challenges. Engro Group, being an innovative organization, views a significant value in the adoption of Digital twin technology in manufacturing operations to improve productivity. The research conducted for this specific purpose shall help organizations leverage the opportunities and identify the challenges that pose resistance to the adoption of this technology. Through a multitier assessment, management views have been captured across the conglomerate to facilitate decision-makers in making the right decisions in the form of specific recommendations. Research has the potential to scale up the work and capture the local industry that can bring a paradigm shift in Pakistan’s economy and address the pressing issue of balance in payments and current account deficits