Yanbu Journal of Engineering and Science (YJES)
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Experimental Study of Micro Thermoelectric Cooler Module
No full textMicro thermoelectric cooler (μTEC) modules have recently attracted significant attention due to their compact size, effective heat dissipation, and rapid thermal response. These characteristics make them highly suitable for applications in electronics, telecommunications, and healthcare. The present study focuses on evaluating the cooling performance of a μTEC module under varying operating conditions. A comprehensive experimental setup was developed to measure critical parameters such as temperature difference, cooling capacity, and coefficient of performance (COP). Experimental results were compared with theoretical predictions, revealing a strong correlation, particularly at lower temperature differences and moderate current levels. However, deviations were observed at higher currents, primarily attributed to increased Joule heating and contact resistance. Overall, the agreement between experimental data and the theoretical model supports its validity while also highlighting areas for potential refinement. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of μTEC efficiency and support future enhancements in thermoelectric cooling system design
Development of a Novel Liquid Level Measuring and Monitoring Sensor Based on the Polymer Optical Fiber
No full textThis paper outlines developing and applying a multi-point liquid level measuring and monitoring sensor by utilizing polymer optical fiber (POF). Traditional liquid-level sensors often face limitations of susceptibility to corrosion and electromagnetic interference. The proposed POF based sensor offers advantages, including immunity to electromagnetic interference, flexibility, durability, and multi-points measurement. Through advanced fabrication techniques and sensor design, this paper presents to create a reliable, cost-effective, and versatile solution for measuring and monitoring liquid levels for various industrial and environmental applications. The research in this paper involves the fabrication of the POF sensor, optimization of its performance characteristics, and demonstration of its effectiveness through experimental testing. The resulting sensor have the potential to revolutionize liquid-level monitoring systems, offering improved accuracy, longevity, and adaptability to diverse environments. This research developed a reliable, efficient, and cost-effective solution to simultaneously measure liquid levels at multiple points, leveraging the unique properties of POF for sensing applications
NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF CONVECTION-DIFFUSION EQUATION BY CHEBYSHEV SPECTRAL METHOD VIA LIE GROUP METHOD
No full textThe numerical solution of convection-diffusion equation is presented by using Chebyshev spectral method based on El-Gendi method via Lie group analysis. Firstly, we apply Lie symmetry group analysis for the convection-diffusion equation. This method yields convection-diffusion equation to a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Secondly, this system is solved numerically by using Chebyshev spectral method. The numerical results obtained by this way are compared with the exact solution
HEAT DISSIPATION ANALYSIS OF A FIN WITH HEXAGONAL PERFORATIONS OF ITS ONE SIDE PARALLEL TO THE FIN BASE
No full textFinite element method (FEM) is among important numerical techniques used in thermal engineering analyses. Usually elements are sub-divided uniformly in FEM to obtain temperature distribution in a fin or plate. In this paper heat transfer dissipation from a horizontal rectangular fin embedded with hexagonal perforations is computed numerically using one dimensional finite element technique. The orientation of the hexagonal perforations makes two sides of it parallel to the base and tip of the fin. The body of the fin is discretized into the sufficient finite elements. The number of these elements can be altered as required according to the automatic mesh generation. The heat dissipation of the perforated fin is computed and compared with that of the solid one of the same dimensions and same thermal properties. The comparison refers to acceptable results and heat dissipation enhancement due to certain perforation
THE COMPRESSION EFFECT ON AERODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF DIANA SUBMARINE SWIMSUIT
No full textAerodynamics is considered as one of the decisive factors in elite sports competitions. By streamlining the athlete\u27s body configuration in fluid, aerodynamic or hydrodynamic resistance can considerably be reduced. In swimming, it is claimed that by utilising the full body swimsuit, the performance can be enhanced. However, there is not enough scientific data to support this. Moreover, it is not clear how a swimsuit can minimise drag. Therefore, the main objective of this work was to study the microscopic effect of swimsuit materials on aerodynamic behaviour under various stretched conditions of a commercially available swimsuit material. The study was conducted experimentally for a range of Reynolds numbers using a cylindrical methodology to quantify the effects of swimsuit materials on aerodynamic properties in wind tunnel environment. The microscopic analysis of swimsuit materials indicated a correlation between the aerodynamic properties and the swimsuit surface structure
SPEECH DATA COMPRESSION BASED ON A SPEEDUP ALGORITHM USING VECTOR RUNLENGTH CODING
No full textThis paper proposes a new speech data compression technique based on a new speedup algorithm using Vector Runlength Coding (VRLC). VRLC is proposed and software implemented for speech speedup based on some speech specific properties both in the temporal and transform domains. The successful implementation of VRLC for real-time secure speech transmission system for multimedia applications is described. In this paper, there are two main objectives which are speech data compression and secure transmission for the compressed (speedup) speech by making the transmitted signal completely imperceptible using a lower complexity algorithm compared to other similar methods in the speech coding literature to compare with. Therefore, the reconstructed received speech signal would be as much as possible of a good perceptual quality. The algorithm is applied in both temporal domain and one dimensional discrete cosine transform (1D_DCT) domain. The simulation results show the superiority of applying the new algorithm in transform domain over temporal domain, in terms of the achieved total imperceptible compressed speech transmitting signal and the intelligibility of the reconstructed speech at the receiver
CLASSIFICATION OF PARTIAL DISCHARGE FAULTS BASED ON SIGNAL PEAKS AND LOCATIONS
No full textDiagnosis of the partial discharge (PD) faults protects the insulation of the high voltage equipment from the breakdown issues. Many techniques are used to capture and analyse the PD signals that emit in the case of PD faults. In this work, a new application of the peak-finder algorithm is employed to classify among the PD faults that result from different PD sources. The artificial defects are made in different types of high voltage insulation such as mica and the cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation of the power cable in the laboratory to capture PD data using Portable PD Analyzing System (LDS-6). The high accuracy is obtained for the classification of the PD signals that developed from different PD sources, which is 93.34% of mica insulation and 86.67% for XLPE insulation for power cable. The results of the PD type classification accuracies refer to the high performance of the proposed technique to extinguish among the different sources of PD
HEAVY-LIGHT MESONS IN THE SYMMETRIES OF EXTENDED NONRELATIVISTIC QUARK MODEL
No full textIn present work, the modified Schrödinger equation (MSE) is analytically solved. The Heavy-Light Mesons (HLM) under modified nonrelativistic quark-antiquark potential, are extended to the symmetries of noncommutative quantum mechanics (NCQM), using the generalized Bopp\u27s shift method. The energy a spectrum of HLM has been investigated in the framework of the perturbative quantum chromodynamics (PQCD) extended nonrelativistic quark model. The new energy eigenvalues and the corresponding Hamiltonian operator are calculated in the 3-dimensional noncommutative real space phase (NC: 3D-RSP) symmetries. The masses of the scalar, vector, pseudoscalar, and pseudovector for (B, Bs, D and Ds) mesons have been calculated in (NC: 3D-RSP). Moreover, using the perturbation approach, we found that the perturbative solutions of discrete spectrum can be expressed by the parabolic cylinder functions function 0 Gamma function (v), the discreet √22 atomic quantum numbers (j, 1, s, m) of the QQ state and (the spin independent and spin dependent) parameters (a, b, g, h), in addition to noncommutativity parameters (and). Furthermore, we have shown that the total complete degeneracy of new energy levels of HLM was changed to become equals to the new value 3n² instead to the old values n² in ordinary quantum mechanics. Our obtained results are in good agreement with the already existing literature in NCQM
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM AGRICULTURAL WASTE BY MICROWAVE IRRADIATION
No full textIn this study, activated carbon was prepared by microwave radiation from dates pits using three chemical activators namely, zinc chloride, phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid. Different preparation conditions like activator type, power and time of microwave radiation were assessed. The efficiency of prepared activated carbon was evaluated by adsorption of methylene blue. The prepared activated carbon was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform IR (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and elemental analysis. The pore size distribution and the surface area were also determined. Based on the results, the optimum conditions for AC preparation were high power of microwave, and activation for 12 minutes of radiation with zinc chloride as the chemical activator. Under these conditions, the adsorption capacity of MB was 61 mg/g. The activation process has enhanced to a great extent the surface of the precursor by increasing its porosity and its surface area. Most of the pores formed on the surface were macropores which work as conduits to meso and micropores
SIMULATION OF GPR SYSTEM DESIGN USING CST MICROWAVE AND MATLAB
No full textGround Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a radar system used to detect objects buried underground. The GPR system consists of an antenna which will be used as a sensor device in detecting microwave signal generated by it, which called monostatic or two antennas used as transmitter and receiver antenna known as bistatic GPR system. In the development of a GPR system, it is wise to simulate the GPR system using simulation software such as CST microwave software in order to reduce errors in determining the parameters of the system such as antenna\u27s dimension and signal processing system. The design of the simulation system of the GPR system in this study started from designing an antenna, where the microstrip patch antenna has been chosen. The simulation of the design antenna was then upgraded by the designing of the ground material in front of the antenna to create a medium of transmission such as sandy soil. In order to observe the capability of the designed antenna as the GPR antenna system as well as the signal processing system, the buried material in the ground has been added. As the consideration of the GPR system is on the bistatic GPR system, the antenna will be paired between the transmitting and receiving antenna. Based on the commercial GPR system, the simulation of the GPR system will also be interpreted as a 2 dimensional image using MATLAB software