PINES (Bemidji State University)
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The War Powers Resolution of 1973 and its Relevance in the “War on Terror”
No full textIn September of 2013, President Obama asked Congress to take a vote that would authorize the United States to use military drones against the Syrian army and provide support for the Syrian rebels. This action by President Obama raised the question that many have been wondering since the creation of our country, who has the power to declare war and initiate hostilities against those who threaten the United States? My thesis focuses on the War Powers Resolution of 1973 and the arguments surrounding its Constitutionality, specifically the arguments supporting the Executive or Legislative branches. For my research supporting the argument for the Executive branch, I focus primarily on John C. Yoo’s The Continuation of Politics by Other Means: The Original Understanding of War Powers which gathered a lot of attention for his controversial interpretations. The critiques of Yoo’s War Powers argue that his research misinterprets the original intentions of the Framers’ and that they actually intended for Congress the right to declare war considering that they had just finished the American Revolution because the British King held too much power. The research gathered will provide the different situations that the President is authorized to use military forces against our Country’s opposition
Challenges and Opportunity of Online Learning In Developing Countries with Specific Focus on Liberia.
No full textTo explore online learning in developing countries with a particular focus on Liberia is 2 the focus of this paper. As it is being explored, the following questions will be addressed: How did online learning originate? What would be the advantages and disadvantages of online learning in developing countries? What are some of the unique circumstances faced by Liberia in online education
Understanding Keegan: Facilitating Peer Acceptance of Autistic Children
No full textCapstone submitted as a graduation requirement for the BSU Honors Program
Workforce Incentives that Increase the Efficiency of Organizations\u27 Workforce
No full textCapstone submitted as a graduation requirement for the BSU Honors Program
Use of Cast Nets and Seine Hauls to Estimate Abundance of Age-0 Yellow Perch
No full textKnowledge about fish population dynamics is essential for developing management plans and evaluating management success. In many lakes, yellow perch (Perca flavescens) are the main forage for many upper level predators and recreational fish species. To better manage recreational fisheries, an accurate estimate of prey abundance is necessary. The objectives of the study were to sample the littoral and limnetic zone to better estimate population of age-0 yellow perch, and obtain an estimate of the proportion of yellow perch being missed by traditional littoral seining methods. Littoral seines were conducted at three randomly selected locations in the south basin of Lake Bemidji. Starting points for cast net transects were chosen at random around the lake and transects were run from the shore to the deepest portion of the lake. A cast net was thrown 10 times at every 1.5 m depth interval throughout each transect. Analysis of the data indicated that traditional methods of estimating population using littoral seines were in fact missing a proportion of the population. Analysis of the data resulted in a population estimate of 3,851,254. The estimate using seine hauls and cast net transects showed an increase by 163% from the population estimate of 1,464,864 using just littoral seines. This more accurate estimate of age-0 yellow perch recruitment will result in better management decisions
Changing Body Condition in Walleye with Reference to Ideal Sample Size Requirements
No full textThe objective of this study was to determine if walleye Sander vitreus percent dry weight, a measure of condition, differed among summer months of 2014 on Maple Lake, Minnesota. A second objective was to determine if there was a relationship between condition and body temperature, total length, or wet weight. Between three and six walleyes were collected per month by hook and line methods. All fish had internal body temperatures taken at the time of capture and were oven dried in the laboratory at 80 °C in order to measure percent dry weight. There was no relationship between condition and wet weight, month, total length, or body temperature. Due to the lack of significant trends questions about small sample sizes arose. Ideal sample size was calculated with a power analysis. Widths of confidence intervals were plotted in relation to sample size. The inflection point of the plot provided evidence to suggest a minimum sample size of seven fish per month should have been collected to obtain more accurate result. Future studies attempting to detect trends in percent dry weight of walleye should use a sample size of 7-10 fish per treatment group in order to detect biologically meaningful differences
Humanity Hyper-Externalized
No full textCapstone submitted as a graduation requirement for the BSU Honors Program
Swedish Immigration: Why They Came to Minnesota
No full textCapstone submitted as a graduation requirement for the BSU Honors Program
The Political History of Sugarcane-based Ethanol in Brazil
No full textWith the Middle East putting an embargo on oil in 1973, oil prices ascended to levels that made importation of oil expensive. Brazil also faced another issue with sugar prices going down in 1973, putting much of their sugar supply on reserve. Brazil’s military government then made a decision to adopt the sugarcane-based ethanol program, Pro-Alcool. Pro-Alcool’s goal was to produce an alternative energy source to gasoline and take pressure off of oil importation. While initially intended to be a short-term fix, a second oil strike in 1979 pushed Pro-Alcool to higher levels. Oil industries were initially opposed to ethanol production, and the auto industry was hesitant to produce ethanol-based vehicles. Brazil would adopt democracy in 1985 which would lead to the end of Pro-Alcool in 1991. This would lead to a decline in ethanol production through the 1990’s. Ethanol would, however, find revitalization with new technology and a new coalition of advocates that would include the sugarcane industry, Petrobras, and the auto industry pushing ethanol production to a new level within Brazil
Implementation of Statway for Non-STEM Majors at Two-Year Community Colleges with Focus on the Teacher’s Experience
No full textA Research Paper Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS & COMPUTER SCIENCES In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN MATHEMATIC