PhilArchive
Not a member yet
119355 research outputs found
Sort by
Conceptual Logic, Language, and Culture: A Philosophical Framework for Clarifying Meaning in the Age of AI
No full textHuman reasoning can be divided into two fundamental forms: mathematical logic and conceptual logic. While the former operates through abstract symbols and universal rules, the latter relies on language—a tool shaped by cultural values and communicative preferences. This paper explores the interplay between logic, language, and culture, and argues that the essence of both logical systems lies in clarifying what is equal and what is not. Special attention is given to the power and risks of conceptual logic, which—unlike mathematics—allows for ambiguity in definitions. As artificial intelligence increasingly engages not only with numbers but also with language, the responsibility of philosophers to define concepts precisely becomes more urgent than ever
On the Rule of the Subject's Existence in Eternity
No full textThe essay examines the ethical implications of Nietzsche's concept of eternal recurrence. Keywords: Nietzsche, ethics, eternal recurrence, eternal return, morality, eternity, Dostoevsky, conscience, Zarathustra
弦群共振的兼容与排斥：玄-弦模型下文明冲突与融合的本体论机制
No full text摘要：本文立足“先天/后天”两界存在论与“玄-弦”本体模型，承接前文文明精神传承的
理论框架，将研究视域拓展至文明互动的核心议题——冲突与融合，构建一种全新的
文明互动本体论机制。本文主张，文明冲突的本质并非文明精神内核的先天对立，而
是不同“弦群共振共同体”的高能弦振动模式在互动中产生的“共振排斥”；文明融合的本
质则是不同弦群振动模式通过后天互动实现的“共振兼容”，最终形成更高层次的“复合
弦群共振共同体”。论文首先梳理人类文明冲突与融合的经验现象及传统理论局限；继
而基于“玄-弦”模型建构文明冲突与融合的本体论基础，界定“共振排斥”与“共振兼容”的
核心内涵及作用机制；通过“不同文明弦群的跨时空互动”思想实验，具象化论证文明冲
突向融合转化的条件与路径；最后通过与文明冲突论、文明共生论等相关理论的批判
性对话，彰显本理论的解释优势。本文的结论是，文明互动的终极走向并非永恒冲
突，而是通过后天互动消除共振排斥、强化共振兼容，实现不同文明弦群的和谐共
生。这一认知为理解当代文明互动的复杂现象提供了全新的本体论视角，也为构建人
类命运共同体提供了切实的理论支撑与实践路径
Modelos contemporáneos de autoridad
No full textEl problema de la autoridad es omnipresente y transversal en nuestros discursos teóricos y prácticos, en particular en la esfera jurídica. La inmensa importancia que posee en nuestras prácticas, sin embargo, ha sido acompañada por pocos estudios comprehensivos en filosofía del derecho acerca de qué hablamos exactamente cuando hablamos de autoridad y qué tipo de discursos estamos llevando adelante. Más aún, muy poca atención ha sido dedicada a si hay una relación entre lo que la autoridad es y lo que debe ser, a qué metodología usamos para analizarlo, y si nuestros discursos sirven para dar cuenta de autoridades reales.
Este libro se propone reconstruir y analizar críticamente algunos modelos de discurso acerca de la autoridad que han sido ofrecidos en el ámbito de la teoría y la filosofía del derecho contemporáneas. En este marco, pretende ser una contribución a la clarificación tanto del concepto de autoridad como de las características de algunos de los modelos contemporáneos de discurso que lo incluyen como concepto de relevancia central.
El libro se estructura en tres partes. La primera, metodológica, ofrece un planteo de los problemas relacionados con la autoridad, herramientas analíticas para el análisis del concepto, tipos de autoridad y campo semántico del término. La segunda, metateórica, ofrece una reconstrucción y análisis crítico de tres modelos de discurso: el modelo raziano de Joseph Raz, el modelo normativista de John Finnis y el modelo empirista de Karl Olivecrona. Además, explora el debate sobre la existencia de un deber general de obediencia al derecho. La tercera, teórica, ofrece un balance comprehensivo del análisis crítico de estos modelos y evalúa las formas más adecuadas para abordar la complejidad del fenómeno de la autoridad, tanto desde una perspectiva descriptiva como normativa, en el marco del fenómeno jurídico contemporáneo
Expressivism and the Agreement Account of Expression
No full textAccording to expressivism, normative sentences express desire-like states of mind. But what is the expression relation? In this paper, I defend an underexplored account of the expression relation that I call ‘the agreement account’. I begin by identifying three constraints that an expressivist account of expression must satisfy. I then argue that extant accounts of the expression relation fail to satisfy these constraints. I then outline the agreement account of expression, according to which a sentence S expresses a mental state M if and only if and because M is part of the agreement conditions of S. I defend this account against objections and conclude that the agreement account is a promising expressivist account of expression
Who is Afraid of Free-Range Knowledge? How academia buries its head to avoid the unsanctioned
No full textWho is Afraid of Free-Range Knowledge? is a multimodal poetic thesis explicitly critiquing academic gatekeeping and epistemic domestication. Through poetry, multilingualism, and visual epistemology, it illustrates how traditional academic structures actively constrain knowledge into sanctioned forms, excluding innovative epistemologies and multidisciplinary approaches. This work explicitly positions epistemic gatekeepers as fiduciaries with ethical, epistemic, and legal obligations to embrace epistemic plurality and facilitate inclusive knowledge practices
Understanding Extension Support Services Provided for Rice Farmers by the Local Government Unit (LGU) in Alangalang, Leyte, Philippines
No full textThis study aims to elucidate the extension support services for rice farmers provided by the Local Government Unit (LGU) in Alangalang, Leyte, Philippines. A total of 108 rice farmers selected at random were the respondents of this study. A structured questionnaire was employed to collect the needed information, and descriptive measures were used to analyze and interpret the collected data. Based on the data, the result revealed that the beneficiaries of the subsidies were highly satisfied with the rice seed subsidy, fertilizer subsidy, and crop insurance, while in farm advisory and training, the farmers are moderately satisfied with the services provided. In addition, rice farmers in the area face various challenges in support services programs, including delayed distribution, unfair service distribution, irregular evaluation, a limited number of extension workers, and poor input supply, which are described as serious problems. Moreover, the lack of information updates and limited funding support are considered very serious problems. Conclusively, the LGU should have training seminars and workshops focusing on modern rice farming techniques and sustainable farming practices to help farmers in times of need. The study suggests that farmers must be provided with enough agricultural extension agents by the LGU to help them solve their problems and obtain sustainability
What kinds of computations can young children perform over non-symbolic representations of small quantities?
No full textDefending Critical Epistemology: The Case of Christian Nationalism and Christofascism
No full textChristian nationalism and Christofascism theorists have surrendered the discursive floor to their empiricist critics. A flurry of recent research has asserted that critical paradigms within the sociology of religion are ideologically committed and empirically invalid. In this reply to Jesse Smith’s “Old Wine and New Wineskins” (2024), I contend several things: 1. Christian nationalism and Christofascism research is based in empirical validity, 2. claims of “conceptual slippage” are irrelevant given the sociopolitical context, 3. rejection of the critical perspective reifies the unjust power structure through a normative appeal to rational-legal scientific authority, and 4. critical epistemology in the sociology of religion remains a crucial tool in combating authoritarian slippage. It is my hope that this reply sparks further reflection and debate into the role of sociology and the nature of sociological praxis