Journal of Architecture, Planning and Construction Management
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Intergration Of Local And Islamic Architecture In Traditional Minangkabau
No full textMosque architecture is an important part in the process of Islamizing societies whose civilizations have had influences from another system of belief prior to the conversion into Islam. The mosque provides a new substitute for a place of ritual and signifies a change in the welsthanchauung where the alien concept of mosque is integrated in the new Muslim community through the incorporation and reinterpretation of local traditional symbols and architectural designs. A fieldtrip, accompanied by a local guide, to ancient Minangkabau mosques, on the Sumatera Island, Indonesia sought to examine examples of Islamicization in mosque architecture. Interview with locals were conducted, photographs were captured and observations made were cross-referenced with available literature to validate interpretation. In these mosques, old designs, thought to be of Hindu-Buddhist origin, such as the stupa (mound-like structure), gunungan (mountain-like feature) and makara (mythical sea-creature) have been retained and incorporated in mosque designs and given new Islamic interpretation. Non-religious designs with strong local affinity such as floral and vegetal motifs using local flower and plant as inspiration are utilized to increase the aesthetic value of mosque. Other examples, like the radiant sun motifs that is peculiar only to Malay mosque, is thought to carry symbolic Islamic meaning whereas gonjong roof (buffalo horn-shaped roof), is incorporated for both cultural identity and functional purposes. In addition, new components, symbols and designs were introduced from other Islamic civilization; examples include features such as crescent and na’al (sandal) motifs
Impacts Of Highland Management Practices Of Local Authorities On The Public Scenic Preferences And Scenic Beauty Of Cameron Highlands, Malaysia
Get PDFHighland environment is significant due to the tourism implication, where scenic beauty of such landscape can be an asset that attracts tourists. The study assessed the impacts of highland management practices (HMPs) on scenic beauty and public scenic preferences of Cameron Highlands. Comparison of preferences between local and foreign tourists and correlations between components of HMPs (e.g. naturalness, management activities and land use) and preferences were elucidated. A photographic questionnaire survey (n = 439) was the primary instrument used to measure tourists’ scenic preferences using coloured photographs. Scenic preferences were identified using a rank order of twelve. The survey also measured the impacts of HMPs on scenic beauty using a five-point likert scale. A semi-structured interview (n = 10) of local residents on similar measures supported these primary data using content analysis.
Result indicates the tea land use received the highest ratings (rank 1), while several naturalness components also received high ratings; hill (rank 2), waterfall (rank 3) and natural forest (rank 4). This suggests that the naturalness of Cameron Highlands should be sustained, due to its scenic quality, while the tea plantation remains the scenic icon of Cameron Highlands. A commercial land use received the lowest ratings (rank 12). Results also show that the components of HMPs contributed impacts on scenic beauty of Cameron Highlands. The study confirms the patterns of scenic preferences of Cameron Highlands between tourists and local residents yield close similarity in results and both instruments (e.g. questionnaire survey and interview) show high convergence of results. The hypotheses which stated that foreign tourists were more likely to agree to the effect of HMPS on the scenic beauty preferences than the local tourists were not fully supported in this study.
The correlation results show the components of HMPs had positive relationships with scenic preferences. The study has numerous implications to the District Council and Land Office of Cameron Highlands. These implications include consideration of scenic beauty in the highland management decisions and public participation in the planning process and preservation and protection of scenic value
Study the Thermal Impact of Massive Waste Material to Building
Get PDFThis study has been focused on the recycling of massive waste materials and their thermal impact to the building which then adapt the indoor thermal environment. It is observed that the role of construction materials modify the building interior and regulates the indoor thermal environment and focus on the reduction of energy consumption at large.The rapid growth of energy consumption and use has raised concerns over problems in worldwide. This has caused for mainly the exhaustion of energy resources. Efficient employs of energy plays a vital role in minimizing energy usage. Having in mind the aim to seek for contextual alternative building material from waste to obtain continuing improvement in building energy performance, this study has been designed to do experiments on locally available massive waste material (end-of-life tyres, or ELTs) for its thermal impact on indoor energy management.In that reason we needed to set up an experiment to observe the role of ELT for thermal comfort in tropical climate and that compare with conventional construction materials and other waste. The experimental setup has been installed in IIUM- Gombak campus, Malaysia. This contribution mainly focused on the literature and a proposed methodology
Assessment of Window and Lighting Design in Office Buildings Under Daylight of a Hot-Humid Climate Malaysia
Get PDFOffice buildings in Malaysia can be characterised as being highly depended on electric lighting despite of the brightness and high availability of daylight. Generally, daylight has not been taken full advantage of, largely because the problem of glare giving rises to visual discomfort. Highly tinted solar glazing and shading devices are therefore used to protect office interiors from sunlight and glare, and so this reduces daylight.The general aim of the study is to explore the potential use of daylight in the office environment, thus, to reduce the dependency on electric lighting and to create the potential for a more pleasing daylit environment. The thesis firstly reviews the development of window and lighting design in office buildings in Malaysia in comparison to western countries. It reviews the theory of visual comfort and the characteristics of Malaysian daylight.The thesis has investigated glare, seating orientations, window design, preference of lighting, lighting and visual comfort regulation, visual comfort and visual performance and computer simulation on glare in Malaysian offices. It has developed tools for assessing the visual environment in offices (in the field), focusing on the Malaysian conditions of daylight in office design. Specifically, it has investigated the current window and lighting application in office buildings through office workers’ assessment using a questionnaire survey. It has assessed the current window and lighting application in office buildings based on field measurements. It has assessed visual and lighting condition and visual task performance using a Landolt Ring chart under a daylit office environment. Finally, it has analyzed glare of a daylit office using computer simulation, Radiance.The major findings of the thesis show that a daylit office can be successfully used to provide an acceptable visual environment and reduce electric lighting within. However, there are some qualifications to this conclusion. Firstly, it has been found that daylight should be controlled either using tinted glazing or shading devices. Secondly, the acceptable of a daylit environment depends to a certain extent on seating positions relative to windows. Interestingly, the best rated seating position reported by subjects is the least productive for visual task performance. Finally, it appears that glare calculation used in the advanced computer program is not suitable to calculate glare for Malaysian daylight condition. The western guidelines for visual comfort can be applied as general guidelines, with caution that Malaysian daylit conditions are expected to include a wider range of daylight levels
Access Audit in Religious Building and Public Spaces in Old Damascus City Syria
Get PDFThe significant of this book edited by Asiah Abdul Rahim presents title Access audit in religious buildings and public spaces in Old Damascus City Syria. The book was published in 2012 with five (5) chapters of an inclusive of four (4) case study building, authored by Ismawi Zen, Asiah Abdul Rahim, Aniza Abu Bakar and Fadzidah Abdullah. Heritage buildings in the Islamic Era have been known due to its significant contribution and heritage trails of previous Islamic rulers of its time. The typology of these heritage buildings are according to function and usage but most of it are consider public building that accommodates the livelihood of traders and merchants during the trades era. Damascus is the capital of the first Islamic empire namely the Umayyad after the seat of government was moved Madinah al Munawarah
Study on the Functions of Mihrab in the Selected Malaysian Mosques
Get PDFMihrab and Qibla wall are two significant elements exist in any mosques. All aspects in designing the form of Mihrab on the Qibla wall should be taken into study so that the functions will not be misapprehended. Muslim world seizes Mihrab on the Qibla Wall of mosques as a space for Imam (the congregational leader). Archeological evidence confirmed on the existence of earliest Mihrab in the form of semi circular concaved niche used during the Umayyad Dynasty and then shape and form of Mihrab evolves throughout the centuries and across cultures. If the Mihrab is actually used for the Imam to lead the congregation, Mihrab should always remain within the same dimension according to normal human anthropometry in comfort and should fit a single prayer rug in the niche, regardless the size of mosque. The objective of the paper is mainly to observe the functions and usages of selected Malaysian Mosques Mihrabs. Typological analysis done reveals that the Mihrabs under study are sized and shaped differently. This concluded that the function of Mihrab in Malaysian mosques is not restricted to be an area for Imam leading the congregational prayers but it is more as an indicator of Qibla direction
Collections of Views from Stakeholders on Public Facilities in Kajang: An Islamic Guide
Get PDFThe paper attempts to discussion the provision of public facilities in the Kajang Local Plan 2020 based on the views and perspectives of the stakeholders. The research on development plan implementation issues was inspired during Town Planning Day Conference 2012 that was organized by Malaysia Institute of Planners when some of the speakers have highlighted the weakness of Malaysia development plan implementation due to (i) constant complaint of inefficient local plan implementation as development blue print, (ii) Lack of awareness of other government agencies and (iii) the review of local plan is timely in order to make the plan as strategic plan. Throughout the literature review process, researchers has found out that the implementation topic has receive less attention from the researcher, practitioner as well as decision maker compared to the preparation of plan or public participation issues. MPKJ Local Plan 2020 was selected due to its status as the latest gazette local plan in Selangor. The data collected was analyzed by using SPSS software and several analysis methods were adopted to generate the findings. From research findings, some recommendations will be generated based on the Islamic Planning principles. In general, the result shows that most of public facilities type in MPKJ Local Plan was successfully provided and able to cater the current needs of the local community. However, the provision of public facilities policies in the local plan need to be revise in order to cater the demand of Kajang rapid population growth