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Interaction Research and Interaction Design in a Complex World : A Critical Reflection on Wicked Problems and Methods to Tackle Them
Full text linkThe field of human-computer interaction offers a huge portfolio of methods for interaction research—particularly for understanding the current situation and evaluating designs—and interaction design for envisioning and creating designs. However, there is little literature on the nature of the design situation and particularly its complexity, structure, and dynamics, as well as their influence on the choice of methods. This paper contributes a thorough analysis of methods for interaction research and interaction design as well as a systematic classification of those methods with respect to the complexity of the design situation and design circumstances. This will help researchers and designers get a better understanding of how to apply those methods for current and future research and design activities
Biomarkers of inflammation and improvement in depressive symptoms in type 1 and type 2 diabetes : differential associations with depressive symptom clusters
No full textBetween Left-Authoritarians, Sympathy for Russia, and Political Discontent : The Correlates of Voting for the Bündnis Sahra Wagenknecht (BSW)
Full text linkA new party has entered the German political landscape: The Bündnis Sahra Wagenknecht (BSW). After years of debate that her former party, The Left, had become “too liberal,” one of Germany’s most prominent politicians, Sahra Wagenknecht, founded her new party in January 2024. The BSW is described as blending socioeconomic leftist and sociocultural conservative positions, potentially attracting voters by positioning itself as a “left-authoritarian” party. Additionally, the BSW holds pro-Russia stances and anti-elitist sentiments. The party made a significant impact in 2024, achieving 6.2% in the European elections and securing third place in the state elections of Saxony and Thuringia. This raises the question: What underlying factors are drawing individuals to support the BSW? Using wave 26 of the German Longitudinal Election Study Panel, which includes the BSW, this article compares intended vote choice within Germany to actual votes cast in the 2024 European elections. Drawing on theories related to policy considerations and protest motivations in supporting new parties, three key findings emerge: First, left-authoritarian and pro-Russia attitudes are positively associated with support for the BSW. Second, populist attitudes and dissatisfaction with the federal government also drive individuals toward the BSW. Third, this might, however, be largely overshadowed by a strong impact of the favorability toward Sahra Wagenknecht.Eine neue Partei ist in die politische Landschaft Deutschlands eingetreten: Das Bündnis Sahra Wagenknecht (BSW). Nach jahrelangen Debatten darüber, dass ihre vorherige Partei Die Linke „zu liberal“ geworden sei, gründete Sahra Wagenknecht, eine der prominentesten Politiker:innen Deutschlands, im Januar 2024 ihre neue Partei. Das BSW wird als eine Mischung aus sozio-ökonomisch linken und sozio-kulturell konservativen Positionen beschrieben, das möglicherweise Wähler:innen anzieht, indem es sich als „links-autoritäre“ Partei positioniert. Daneben vertritt das BSW pro-russische Positionen und eine anti-elitäre Haltung. Mit 6.2% bei den Europawahlen und dem dritten Platz bei den Landtagswahlen in Sachsen und Thüringen hat die Partei 2024 große Erfolge erzielt. Dies wirft die Frage auf: Welche Faktoren sind es, die Menschen dazu bewegen, das BSW zu unterstützen? Unter Verwendung von Welle 26 des German Longitudinal Election Study Panels, welcher das BSW beinhaltet, vergleicht dieser Artikel die beabsichtigte Wahlentscheidung innerhalb Deutschlands mit der tatsächlichen Stimmabgabe bei der Europawahl 2024. Ausgehend von Theorien, die sich auf thematische Erwägungen und Protestmotive bei der Unterstützung neuer Parteien beziehen, ergeben sich drei zentrale Erkenntnisse: Erstens sind linksautoritäre und russlandfreundliche Einstellungen positiv mit der Unterstützung für das BSW verbunden. Zweitens: Populistische Einstellungen und Unzufriedenheit mit der Bundesregierung treiben die Menschen ebenfalls zum BSW. Drittens wird dies jedoch möglicherweise weitgehend durch einen starken Einfluss der Sympathie für Sahra Wagenknecht überlagert
Using Hybrid Techniques for Resource Description and Selection in the Context of Distributed Geographic Information Retrieval
Full text linkThe amount of media items on the web is increasing tremendously, especially regarding personal media items. To effectively collaborate over and share these massive amounts of media objects, there is a strong need for adequate indexing and search techniques. Trends like social networks, large-storage mobile devices and high-bandwidth networks make peer-to-peer (P2P) information retrieval systems of deep interest.
Hence, resource selection based on compact resource descriptions is used to efficiently determine promising peers w.r.t. a query. To design effective media search applications, multiple search criteria need to be addressed. Subsequently, besides text or visual media content, geospatial data is frequently used.
We propose techniques to summarize and select collections of georeferenced media items in P2P systems. Generally, these summarization techniques can be divided into geometric and space partitioning approaches. This paper presents and evaluates techniques of a third category, hybrid approaches that combine features of geometric and space partitioning techniques
Winning and losing with Artificial Intelligence : What public discourse about ChatGPT tells us about how societies make sense of technological change
Full text linkPublic product launches in Artificial Intelligence can serve as focusing events for collective attention, surfacing how societies react to technological change. Social media provide a window into the sensemaking around these events, surfacing hopes and fears and showing who chooses to engage in the discourse and when. We demonstrate that public sensemaking about AI is shaped by economic interests and cultural values of those involved. We analyze 3.8 million tweets posted by 1.6 million users across 117 countries in response to the public launch of ChatGPT in 2022. Our analysis shows how economic self-interest, proxied by occupational skill types in writing, programming, and mathematics, and national cultural orientations, as measured by Hofstede’s individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and power distance dimensions, shape who speaks, when they speak, and their stance toward ChatGPT. Roles requiring more technical skills, such as programming and mathematics, tend to engage earlier and express more positive stances, whereas writing-centric occupations join later with greater skepticism. At the cultural level, individualism predicts both earlier engagement and a more negative stance, and uncertainty avoidance reduces the prevalence of positive stances but does not delay when users first engage with ChatGPT. Aggregate sentiment trends mask the dynamics observed in our study. The shift toward a more critical stance regarding ChatGPT over time stems primarily from the entry of more skeptical voices rather than a change of heart among early adopters. Our findings underscore the importance of both the occupational background and cultural context in understanding public reactions to AI
AI Narratives : What Can They Tell Us About Individuals’ AI Literacy and Emotional Attitude Toward AI Assistants?
Full text linkHow individuals understand Artificial Intelligence (AI) affects whether they can interact with AI assistants appropriately. To foster the appropriate use of AI assistants, individuals require realistic perceptions of what AI can or cannot do. However, perceptions (which we refer to as AI narratives) depend on individuals’ AI literacy and their emotional attitudes regarding AI assistants. To investigate how literate individuals are and their emotional attitudes when dealing with AI assistants, we suggest developing a better understanding of their different AI narratives. Through a qualitative online survey, we explore differences in AI narratives among individuals with positive, ambivalent, or negative emotional attitudes regarding AI and among those with low, medium, or high levels of AI literacy. This work provides two research-guiding propositions on an individual’s AI understanding and two recommen-dations for managing realistic AI perception-building
Unschuld des Werdens : Erlösung als Erlöstsein in Goethes Faust
No full textDissertation, Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg, 202
Real-Time Conversational Gaze Synthesis for Avatars
Full text linkEye movement plays an important role in face-to-face communication. In this work, we present a deep learning approach for synthesizing the eye movements of avatars for two-party conversations and evaluate viewer perception of different types of eye motions. We aim to synthesize believable gaze behavior based on head motions and audio features as they would typically be available in virtual reality applications. To this end, we captured the head motion, eye motion, and audio of several two-party conversations and trained an RNN-based model to predict where an avatar looks in a two-person conversational scenario. We evaluated our approach with a user study on the perceived quality of the eye animation and compared our method with other eye animation methods. While our model was not rated highest, our model and our user study lead to a series of insights on model features, viewer perception, and study design that we present