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Law and Legality in Pirates of the Caribbean and Contemporary Counter‐Piracy : More Guidelines than Rules?
No full textGefährdetes Leben : Impulse für neutestamentliche Anknüpfungspunkte im Gespräch mit Judith Butler
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Aspects of Adaptivity in P2P Information Retrieval
Full text linkPeer-to-Peer networks are comprised of multiple independently administered computers (peers) that cooperate via a common protocol in order to achieve a goal common to the peers. Helping the user find relevant information in a P2P network is the subject of the field of Peer-to-Peer IR.
In order to be successful, a P2P-IR system needs to be adaptive in several respects. It has to adapt both to the user and to its environment. Within this article we detail the motivations and challenges of P2P-IR, as well as the ways in which P2P-IR systems adapt and where improvement is needed in order to achieve adaptive multimedia retrieval
What to do when there is nothing to do? : Toward a better understanding of idle time at work
Full text linkIdle time at work is a phase of involuntary downtime during which employees experience that they cannot carry out their work tasks. In contrast to breaks, interruptions, procrastination, or withdrawal behavior, employees cannot work because of the absence of work-related tasks. Based on action regulation theory, we develop an integrative conceptual model on the antecedents and consequences of the subjective experience of idle time. We propose that work constraints (i.e., regulation problems) have negative effects on occupational well-being and task performance, and that these effects are mediated by subjective idle time. The strength of these effects is further assumed to be influenced by individuals’ use of proactive (i.e., prevention) and adaptive (i.e., coping) strategies. Results of a supplemental qualitative study, for which we interviewed 20 employees from different occupations, provided preliminary support for the propositions. Finally, we develop theory on how individual, situational, and organizational characteristics may influence the proposed effects on and of idle time. Overall, this conceptual development paper contributes to a better theoretical understanding of idle time at work by extending its definition and applying action regulation theory to this practically important phenomenon
Posttraumatic stress disorder and diabetes-related outcomes in patients with type 1 diabetes
Full text linkMental comorbidities in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) are common, and can have a negative impact on acute blood glucose levels and long-term metabolic control. Information on the association of T1D and comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with diabetes-related outcomes is limited. The aim was to examine the associations between a clinical diagnosis of PTSD and diabetes-related outcomes in patients with T1D. Patients with T1D and comorbid documented PTSD from the DPV database (n = 179) were compared to a group with T1D without PTSD (n = 895), and compared to a group with T1D without comorbid mental disorder (n = 895) by matching demographics (age, gender, duration of diabetes, therapy and migration background) 1:5. Clinical diabetes-related outcomes {body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin A1c (hbA1c), daily insulin dose, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), hypoglycemia, number of hospital admissions, number of hospital days} were analyzed, stratified by age groups (≤ 25 years vs. > 25 years). Patients with comorbid PTSD aged ≤ 25 years compared with patients without PTSD or patients without mental disorders had significantly higher HbA1c (8.71 vs. 8.30 or 8.24%), higher number of hospital admissions (0.94 vs. 0.44 or 0.32 per year) and higher rates of DKA (0.10 vs. 0.02 or 0.01 events/year). Patients with comorbid PTSD aged ≤ 25 years compared with patients without PTSD had significantly higher BMI (0.85 vs. 0.59) and longer hospital stays (15.89 vs.11.58 days) than patients without PTSD. Patients with PTSD > 25 years compared with patients without PTSD or without any mental comorbidities had significantly fewer hospital admissions (0.49 vs. 0.77 or 0.69), but a longer hospital length of stay (20.35 vs. 11.58 or 1.09 days). We found that PTSD in younger patients with T1D is significantly related to diabetes outcome. In adult patients with T1D, comorbid PTSD is associated with fewer, but longer hospitalizations. Awareness of PTSD in the care of patients with T1D should be raised and psychological intervention should be provided when necessary
Comparing Deep Learning and MCWST Approaches for Individual Tree Crown Segmentation
Full text linkAccurate segmentation of individual tree crowns (ITC) segmentation is essential for investigating tree-level based growth trends and assessing tree vitality. ITC segmentation using remote sensing data faces challenges due to crown heterogeneity, overlapping crowns and data quality. Currently, both classical and deep learning methods have been employed for crown detection and segmentation. However, the effectiveness of deep learning based approaches is limited by the need for high-quality annotated datasets. Benefiting from the BaKIM project, a high-quality annotated dataset can be provided and tested with a Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Mask R-CNN). In addition, we have used the deep learning based approach to detect the tree locations thus refining the previous Marker controlled Watershed Transformation (MCWST) segmentation approach. The experimental results show that the Mask R-CNN model exhibits better model performance and less time cost compared to the MCWST algorithm for ITC segmentation. In summary, the proposed framework can achieve robust and fast ITC segmentation, which has the potential to support various forest applications such as tree vitality estimation
Searching Multiple Artifacts : a Comprehensive Framework for Complex Search Situations
Full text linkThe paper presents a comprehensive search framework that deals with different types of artifacts and therefore is suitable for situations where the information need behind a search request is sketchy. Such situations are characteristic for the product development domain, on which our research is focused. To support design engineers, various search concepts for specific computer aided engineering (CAE) document types, like e.g. 3D shape similarity methods, have been proposed. Although these methods might be beneficial for certain situations, there is a strong demand for a more generic approach that enables goal-oriented as well as exploratory searching for multiple artifacts such as products, documents, and materials. Hence, we base our framework on the ideas of faceted search, ranking, query-by-example, and parallel coordinates. Furthermore, we extend these concepts by artifact type hierarchies facilitating the generation of artifact type-specific facet data and the adaptability of this integrated approach for other domains as well
An Approach towards Unsupervised Text Simplification on Paragraph-Level for German Texts
Full text linkText simplification as a research field has received attention in recent years for English and other languages, however, German text simplification techniques are lacking thus far. We present an unsupervised simplification approach for German texts using reinforcement learning (self-critical sequence training). Our main contributions are the adaption of an existing method for English, the selection and creation of German corpora for this task and the customization of rewards for particular aspects of the German language. In our paper, we describe our system and an evaluation, including still present issues and problems due to the complexity of the German language, as well as directions for future research
