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Ethical Challenges for Human-Agent Interaction in Virtual Collaboration at Work
Full text linkIn virtual collaboration at the workplace, a growing number of teams apply supportive conversational agents (CAs). They take on different work-related tasks for teams and single users such as scheduling meetings or stimulating creativity. Previous research merely focused on these positive aspects of introducing CAs at the workplace, omitting ethical challenges faced by teams using these often artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled technologies. Thus, on the one hand, CAs can present themselves as benevolent teammates, but on the other hand, they can collect user data, reduce worker autonomy, or foster social isolation by their service. In this work, we conducted 15 expert interviews with senior researchers from the fields of ethics, collaboration, and computer science in order to derive ethical guidelines for introducing CAs in virtual team collaboration. We derived 14 guidelines and seven research questions to pave the way for future research on the dark sides of human–agent interaction in organizations
Perzeptrons programmieren und explorieren im Rahmen der Open Roberta Lernumgebung
Full text linkDie Lowcode Robotics Platform OpenRoberta Lab wurde um Bausteine zur Programmierung von Perzeptronen erweitert. Damit wird die Möglichkeit geschaffen, dass Kinder dieGrundprinzipien des maschinellen Lernens als Generalisierung über Beispiele direkt umsetzen und interaktiv explorieren können
Transforming architectural heritage documentation : developing integrated European recommendations for safeguarding and preservation
No full textWinning and losing with Artificial Intelligence : What public discourse about ChatGPT tells us about how societies make sense of technological change
Full text linkPublic product launches in Artificial Intelligence can serve as focusing events for collective attention, surfacing how societies react to technological change. Social media provide a window into the sensemaking around these events, surfacing hopes and fears and showing who chooses to engage in the discourse and when. We demonstrate that public sensemaking about AI is shaped by economic interests and cultural values of those involved. We analyze 3.8 million tweets posted by 1.6 million users across 117 countries in response to the public launch of ChatGPT in 2022. Our analysis shows how economic self-interest, proxied by occupational skill types in writing, programming, and mathematics, and national cultural orientations, as measured by Hofstede’s individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and power distance dimensions, shape who speaks, when they speak, and their stance toward ChatGPT. Roles requiring more technical skills, such as programming and mathematics, tend to engage earlier and express more positive stances, whereas writing-centric occupations join later with greater skepticism. At the cultural level, individualism predicts both earlier engagement and a more negative stance, and uncertainty avoidance reduces the prevalence of positive stances but does not delay when users first engage with ChatGPT. Aggregate sentiment trends mask the dynamics observed in our study. The shift toward a more critical stance regarding ChatGPT over time stems primarily from the entry of more skeptical voices rather than a change of heart among early adopters. Our findings underscore the importance of both the occupational background and cultural context in understanding public reactions to AI
XAI in Healthcare : Analysis and Evaluation of XAI Tools and Legal Liability for Neural Networks : A Case Study on Tumor Image Classification
No full textLoss of Vocabulary Growth during Lockdown? : Stability in Language Trajectories among bi- and monolingual Children during the School Closures 2020/2021
Full text linkTheories of language acquisition suggest that primary school constitutes a pivotal source of majority-language exposure, which is particularly important for bilingual children. During the periods of school closures caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, this source of language input was reduced or even entirely unavailable for several months, raising the question of how the language competences of mono- and bilingual children developed during this time. This study examines the German receptive vocabulary development of mono- and bilingual primary school children in Germany at the time of the COVID-19 school closures, using data from the Newborn Cohort of the German National Educational Panel Study from 2015 to 2021. Contrary to the theoretical expectation of exacerbated educational disparities, our findings reveal no significant widening of the existing vocabulary gap between mono- and bilingual children during the pandemic. Despite the potential for reduced German language exposure, particularly among bilingual children, vocabulary trajectories remained surprisingly stable in both groups, with bilingual children even showing signs of a slight but significant catch-up effect. Additional analyses to examine potential growing vocabulary gaps by migration background or parental education yielded no evidence of a widening achievement gap in vocabulary. These findings may be attributed to the well-documented stability of receptive vocabulary, as well as to various other factors outlined in the discussion. Our study contributes to the body of differentiated research on educational impacts of the pandemic and highlights the importance of careful examination regarding the relationship between school and competence development in the context of social inequalities
Ungehorsam! : Queeres Leben in der Methodistischen Kirche in den USA
Full text linkZwischen Segnung und Sanktion, Gemeindealltag und Kirchenrecht entstanden seit den 1970er Jahren queere Erfahrungsräume innerhalb der Methodistischen Kirche in den USA. Der Beitrag richtet den Blick auf das Leben queerer und LGBTQ+affirmativer Pfarrpersonen und beleuchtet die Spannungen zwischen offizieller Doktrin und gelebter Praxis. Im Zentrum stehen individuelle Möglichkeitsräume, Handlungskonflikte, der Umgang mit institutionalisierter Ausgrenzung sowie Strategien des Widerstands und der Selbstbehauptung. Auf der Grundlage historischer Egodokumente rekonstruiert der Beitrag innerkirchliche Machtverhältnisse im Spannungsfeld von Glauben, Identität und sozialem Wandel
