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Screening Of Antibacterial Activity Of Nepeta Ciliaris Benth. Against Respiratory Tract Pathogens
No full textThe aim of present study was to evaluate the antibacterial potential of various extracts (petroleum ether, acetone, methanol and aqueous) of Nepeta ciliaris against selected respiratory tract pathogens. The extracts from the aerial parts of N. ciliaris at concentration of 200 mg/ml were screened against three gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 1144, Streptococcus pneumoniae MTCC 655 and Streptococcus pyogenes MTCC 442) and one gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 2474) bacterial pathogens. The agar well diffusion method was adopted to examine antibacterial and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of most effective extracts against the susceptible bacteria. Erythromycin was used as positive control to determine the sensitivity of the strains. Out of the four bacterial species tested, S. pneumoniae was the most susceptible. The acetone extract exhibited maximum activity against all the tested microorganisms while methanol extract showed activity against P. aeruginosa. The MIC values ranged from 40 to 50 mg/ml for all the organisms. The N. ciliaris is potentially a good source of antimicrobial agents
Climate Change And Glacial Retreat In The Himalaya: Implications For Soil And Plant Development
Get PDFWhile there is abundant literature on Himalayan glaciations and glaciers, including glacier retreat, there is limited information on soil development and plant succession in deglaciated Himalayan terrain. This paper reviews current knowledge on soil development and plant succession in deglaciated environments around the world. Implications of plant succession in deglaciated environments, particularly as Himalayan glaciers shrink due to climate change, are discussed. Understanding the effects of climate change on Himalayan soil and vegetation dynamics is crucial for assessing impacts on mountain livelihoods, as well as for implementing effective conservation strategies
Particle Velocity Measurement In Swirl Flow, Laboratory Studies
Get PDFThis paper presents the laboratory studies of particle velocity measurement in highly swirl conditions similar to turbine flow in curved path. It includes a brief description of the developed test rig, concept of critical diameter of particle inside a Francis turbine and experimental analysis. When a particle is flowing in swirl flow, drag force and centrifugal force are two major forces influencing the particle equilibrium. The equilibrium of these two forces provides a critical diameter of the particle. While, a particle larger than the critical diameter move away from the centre and hit the wall, a particle smaller than the critical diameter flows along with the water, and ultimately sinks. For critical diameter, the particle continues to rotate in the turbine. Different shapes and sizes of particles were tested with the same operating conditions and found that triangularly shaped particles were more likely to hit the suction side of the guide vane cascade. Furthermore, this study supports the concept of separation of particles from streamlines inside the test rig, which led to the development of an operating strategy for a Francis turbine processing sediment-laden water. This study also permitted experimental verification of the size and the shape of a particle as it orbits in the turbine, until either the velocity components are changed or the particle became smaller
Spatial And Temporal Variation Of Ambient Pm2.5: A Case Study Of Banepa Valley, Nepal
Get PDFThe study comprised of air quality monitoring during the day time at three municipalities of Banepa, Dhulikhel and Panauti in Kavre district of Nepal. In each of the municipalities three air monitoring stations were established representing industrial, commercial and residential areas. Particulate Matter (PM2.5) has been estimated from air sampling programme which spanned 7 months and a total of 126 days reflecting all the three seasons. The study found that during winter season the concentration of PM2.5 was more and among the areas commercial area noted highest level pollution. The seasonal trend in pollution levels show that winter > pre-monsoon > monsoon. The pollution concentration trend noted among the areas was commercial > industrial > residential on almost all the occasions except at pre-monsoon season between industrial and residential area in Banepa. This finding concludes that, commercial area of Banepa is more defined and is associated with higher particulate matter concentration compared to other areas
Evaluation Of Some Locally Available Inks In Nepal For Staining Arbuscular Mycorrhiza
Get PDFTwo inks locally available in Nepal (Chelpark permanent black and Chelpark washable royal blue) were tested for staining arbuscular mycorrhiza. Both the inks stained all structures (arbuscules, vesicles and internal hyphae) successfully. The tested inks are economically feasible and thus may encourage research activities related to arbuscular mycorrhiza in Nepal
Survey Paper On “Web Page Content Visualization”
Get PDFThe paper is a survey of a work done in the field of web page content vuisualization. The paper start with summary of the semantic graph. Then it describe the process of generation of semantic graph by natural language processing and machine learning techniques and then enriching text with RDF/OWL Encoded Sense as the enhancement of the existing enrycher text conversion and ends with the possible future direction and conclusion
A Review On Partial Infilled Frames Under Lateral Loads
Get PDFMasonry infilled walls are provided within the reinforced concrete structures without being analyzed as a combination of concrete and brick elements, though in reality they act as a single unit during earthquakes. The performance of such structures during earthquakes has proved to be superior in comparison to the bare frames in terms of stiffness, strength and energy dissipation. There are plenty of researches done so far for infilled frames, however partially infilled frames are still the topic of interest. Though it has been understood that the infills play significant role in enhancing the lateral stiffness of complete structure, the past experience in various earthquakes have proved that the partially infilled framed structures somehow are affected adversely. This paper intends to highlight the need of knowledge on partially infilled frames and the composite action. It also summarizes the findings till date done by various researchers on the behavior of partial infilled frames under lateral loads
Development Of Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet In Air
Get PDFIn this paper, an atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) in air that is expected to be useful for polymer surface modification has been reported. The plasma jet was produced by applying (10 - 30) kHz, (0 - 20) kV AC source. The electrical and optical measurements have also been reported. The use of solenoid as an external electrode has been found to be more effective in boosting the jet to a distance up to 30 mm even with a small flow rate of air. The characteristic of the proposed APPJ was investigated by measuring the effect of treatment on a PE film on the jet for different exposition time and distance from the nozzle. It has been confirmed that the jet can modify polymer film with a work distance of over 25mm. This plasma jet can be useful for the treatment and cleaning of objects having large structures and could be used in wider areas of application
On Trans-Sasakian Manifolds
Get PDFIn this paper we study the geometry of trans-Sasakian manifold when it is projective Ricci-semi-symmetric, pseudo-projectively flat and pseudo-projectively semi-symmetric
In Vitro Regeneration Of Brahmi (Bacopa Monneiri (L.) Penn.) - A Threatened Medicinal Plant
Get PDFIn vitro regeneration of memory enhancing plant Bacopa monneiri was observed by using nodal explant. In present study, shoot initiation was best seen in MS media in 3mg/l BAP concentration. Combination of BAP and IAA (1mg/l+3mg/l concentration) was best suited for root initiation. The rooted plantlets were hardened and successfully established in soil