Kathmandu University Open Journal Systems
Not a member yet
415 research outputs found
Sort by
Two dimensional temperature distribution model in human dermal region exposed at low ambient temperatures with air flow
Get PDFThis paper deals with thermo-regulation in human dermal part in a cold atmosphere with significant air flow. The mathematical model involving bio-heat equation has been solved using finite element method and Crank-Nicolson technique to numerically investigate two dimensional temperature distributions. The natural three layers of dermal part – epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue are considered for the study. The important parameters like blood mass flow rate, metabolic heat generation rate and thermal conductivity are taken distinct in each layer according to their distinct sub-regional activities. The human subject is assumed in static condition. The wind speed is considered in the range from the start of forced convection (? 0.2 m/s) and up to 5 m/s. The loss of heat from the skin surface to the environment is taken due to convection, radiation, and insensible perspiration
Electrical characterization of aluminum (Al) thin films measured by using four- point probe method
Get PDFThis paper reports the results of electrical characterization of aluminum thin films. Uniform Al thin films were deposited by physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique on glass substrates. The electrical resistivity of the films as a function of film thickness was studied. These parameters have been measured by four-point probe method. The electrical resistivity was obtained by the measurement of current (in mA) and voltage in (mV) through the probe. The results showed that resistivity of the film decreases linearly with the film thickness in the range of the thickness studied in this work
Differences between male and female growth and sexual maturation in tilapia (oreochromis mossambicus)
Get PDFIn tilapia, growth during critical periods of the life cycle varies at different ages of development and is influenced by sexual maturation. The mechanisms controlling gametogenesis and how growth affects this process are poorly understood. This study indicates that tilapia exhibit a sexually dimorphic growth pattern in which males grow faster and bigger than females. During critical periods of development growth patterns of tilapia vary between males and females as they increase in age and sexual maturation. In this study interactions between growth and reproductive development were examined by monitoring and comparing growth rates and reproductive histology. Female growth rate peaked at the very early stages of reproductive development during the cortical alveolar stages and male growth rate peaked after complete sexual maturation during spermiogenesis. The accumulation of cortical alveoli in the oocyte in females and spermiogenesis in males was determined to be the critical developmental periods of tilapia effecting growth rates.
Kathmandu University Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 8, No. II, December, 2012, 57-6
Ethno-veterinary Medicinal Preparations of Tribals from Shirpur Tahsil, Dhule District, Maharashtra, India
Get PDFEthnobotanical surveys can potentially bring out many different clues for the development of safe, effective and inexpensive indigenous remedies. Present study has been focused on tribals of Shirpur Tahsil Dhule district of Maharashtra, India. Field surveys of this area were carried out during 2010–2011 through several field visits and interviews. The aim of the present study was primarily to evaluate and inventory ethno-veterinary medicinal uses of the plants known to tribals and to encourage preservation of their culture, conservation and sustainable utilization of the plant wealth. After such survey made 21 plant species of angiosperms are found useful against the various common diseases occurring among the domestic animals of the tahsil. The plants used by the tribe are arranged alphabetically followed by family name, herbarium number, local name, parts used, method of preparation and mode of administration of the drug
On the Inverse Laplace Transform
Get PDFIn this work, we demonstrate that the Tuan-Duc formula employed for inverting the Laplace transform is equivalent to the expression provided by Post-Widder
A Generalization of Contraction Principle on Partial Metric Spaces
Get PDFIn this paper we have proved fixed point theorem using continuous and monotonically non-decreasing mapping ∅, Ψ: [ 0, ∞) -> [ 0, ∞) with ∅ (0) , Ψ (0) = 0
On T-Curvature Tensor in LP-Sasakian Manifolds
Get PDFSome results on the properties of T -flat, quasi- T -flat, ξ - T -flat, φ - T -flat, T -semi-symmetric, φ - T - Ricci recurrent and T - φ -recurrent LP-Sasakian manifolds are obtained. It is also proved that an LP-Sasakian manifold satisfying the condition T. S = 0 is an η -Einstein manifold
Land tenure in hydropower development: A review
Get PDFLand tenure issues such as tenure forms and its allocation and land acquisition procedure are not extensively considered in hydropower development. As a result hydropower projects are not sustainable. The main aim of the study is to find the role of land tenure in hydropower development. Desk study is carried out and is followed by the scientific literature review. The study reveals that the concession with broader negotiations and agreements is carried out for interfering the land rights for the construction of hydropower project in Norway because of which the Aurland hydropower project got successful. The capability and economical willingness to include land and environmental issues from the start of the project to operation stage made the development successful while concession is practiced in China without broader negotiations and public participation as in Nu river project. Therefore, a Chinese hydropower concession is controversial. Many of the proposed dam is situated in UNESCO world heritage site and in the conservation area. Nu river project affects number of distinct ethnic groups who maintain their religious and cultural tradition. Resettlement is not possible on this ethnic group because of integration into population of various customs, languages and agricultural tradition. In case of Nepal in general, concessions is not practiced during hydropower development. Transparency in information dissemination, decision making, involvement of key stakeholders on key issues and time bound solution can hardly be found during hydropower development. Mostly, land is expropriated for the development of the hydropower project. The study finds that Land tenure has very important role in hydropower development. Therefore, it should be extensively considered for sustainable development of the hydropower projects.
Kathmandu University Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 8, No. II, December, 2012, 101-10
Assessment of Detection Efficacy of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Sputum Samples by Real-Time PCR-Based Method
Get PDFTuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in Nepal and ranks as one of the most prevalent communicable diseases throughout the country. In Nepal, 45% of the total population is infected with TB, and 40,000 people get TB every year. Twenty thousand new sputum-positive cases are seen annually, with 5000-7000 people dying each year from TB. Thirty sputum samples were collected from Sukraraj Tropical and Infectious Disease Hospital, Teku, Kathmandu, Nepal, and a comparative study of Acid-fast Bacilli (AFB) test and Real-time PCR was conducted separately with the culture test, regarded as the gold standard by WHO. Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis through the use of Real-time PCR was found to be higher compared to AFB and culture. The Real-time PCR test showed higher sensitivity (100%) and specificity (94.11%) compared to the AFB test, with sensitivity of 84.61% and specificity of 88.24%. The positive predictive value was found to be 84.61% and 92.86% for AFB and Q-PCR, respectively. The negative predictive value was found to be 88.24% for AFB and 100% for Q-PCR. Our statistics clearly show that TB diagnosis by Q-PCR is highly efficient and reliable over conventional methods of diagnosis, and we recommend its use in the hospitals and clinics of Nepal
Role of Herbs, Papain, and Microorganisms in Digestion
No full textThe treatment of Ayurveda is totally based on natural herbs, and most importantly, each herb has certain medicinal value or property. Various herbs have various effects on our body. Herbs work by supplying different nutrients to the body. Some herbs work as a general tonic that cleanses, nourishes, and rebuilds on a cellular level. Enzymes are extremely active components in the digestion systems of all animals. Papain is used as an enzyme which helps in digestion, and it's usually produced as a crude, dried material by collecting the latex from the fruit of the papaya tree. The latex is collected after scoring the neck of the fruit. A purification step is necessary to remove contaminating substances. This purification consists of the solubilization and extraction of the active papain enzyme system through a government-registered process. This purified papain may be supplied as powder or as liquid. Microorganisms are also present in the digestive systems of all animals. Their main role is to break various components down in order to facilitate absorption. These findings highlight the importance of various herbs and papain enzyme, as well as different types of microorganisms, in digestion