OJS (Univerzity Mateja Bela v Banskej Bystri)
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Stress urinary incontinence in young nulliparous sportswomen
No full textRecent research points to the fact that urinary incontinence (UI) is not just a problem in elderly women and women after childbirth. UI is present also in young nulliparous sportswomen. The aim of this overview is to systematize the scientific evidence that assessed the prevalence of urinary incontinence in young nulliparous sportswomen. We have performed a search of cross-sectional studies, metanalyses, and systematic reviews of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) published in the ten last years. Data were collected from Medline, Pubmed, and EBSCO databases. The higher risk of UI prevalence in young nulliparous sportswomen was supported by the data. There is a need of more studies about the prevalence and type of sport on the influence of UI on larger groups of sportswomen.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24040/sjss.2020.6.2.72-7
Percentage of subcutaneous fatty tissue as an indicator of the physical status of volleyball players
No full textSubcutaneous adipose tissue (skin folds) is a disruptive factor in many sports thatovercome the force of gravity, including volleyball. In the field of volleyball, it isimperative to identify the anthropometric constitution, where the amount ofsubcutaneous adipose tissue plays a significant role. The study included 18 activeplayers of the women's volleyball club Jahorina from Pale (BH=173±8.77cm;BW=66.04±9.09kg; BMI=22.03±2.19kg/m2, age=19.11±2.63), a member of thevolleyball Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina with the main goal to analyzeand determine the percentage of adipose fat as an indicator of physical status. Yuhaszskinfold test (Biceps skinfold, Triceps skinfold, Subscapular skinfold, Suprailiacskinfold, Abdomen skinfold, Front thigh skinfold, Rear thigh skinfold) was appliedto assess skin folds. Measurements were performed with a skin fat measuringinstrument (Caliper GIMA-model Plicometro, Italy) in accordance with the ISAKprotocol. Statistical data processing included central and dispersion parameters andPearson's correlation coefficients. Based on the obtained results, it can be concludedthat 30% of significant ICC p<,05;p<0,01;p<0,001 were achieved. The percentage of skinfolds of Jahorina volleyball players in body weight is 16.16% (12 kg), and body fatmass is 54.04 kg. Based on the obtained results, the amount of adipose tissue can beconcluded that our sample is within the allowed values recommended for thispopulation, and that amount is lower compared to previous research.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24040/sjss.2021.7.1.64-7
Effects of slackline training on elements of physical fitness: a systematic review with meta-analysis
No full textBackground: A slackline is a form of balance training proposed by AdamGrabowsky and Jeff Ellington, which the main goal is to balance on a 2-2,5 cm widetape, anchored and taut between two points, for example, trees. Previous researchsuggests that slacklining training improves postural stability and concentration. Thissystematic review aimed to analyze and synthesize the evidence on the efficacy ofslackline training on elements of physical fitness (jump performance and balancemaintenance) compared with conventional training.Methods: From a total of 16 records, 5 studies met the inclusion criteria forqualitative analysis. At the end of the process, 3 studies remained for quantitativeanalysis.Results: We assessed improvements in jump performance (SMD = 1.05; CI 95% 0.17to 1.92 I2 = 53%) in favor of slackline training compared to the conventionaltrainings. No significant differences were found between Slackline and conventionaltraining for learning balance maintenance in tandem position (SMD = -0.10 CI 95%-0.63 to 0.42 I2 = 0%), standing on the left leg (SMD = -0.33 CI 95% -1.31 to 0.65I2 = 70%) and on the right leg (SMD = -0.44 CI 95% -1.71 to 0.82 I2 = 81%).Conclusions: The results of this study suggests the efficacy of slackline training andits application for jump performance in healthy young adults.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24040/sjss.2021.7.1.25-3
The training stress in 50-kilometre racewalking divided in to the applied training loads
No full textThe results achieved by 50-kilometreracewalkers during thegreatest sports events confirm the theory that the “limits of humancapabilities” are boundless.Achieving such excellent results is possible thanks to thesystematic development of knowledge about the functioning of thehuman system. This allows to conduct trainings in a smart andeffective way, thus adapting an athlete to higher training stress. Thecombination of sports theory, industrial technique and great trainingorganization can bring the desired success.Systematic training makes an athlete a champion. It should bearranged according to a specific structure. Said structure shouldinclude carefully selected training loads, which are to be used in thetraining process. The choice of the loads, and also their size andappropriate proportions between them, must be assessedindividually for each contestant.The publication presents the training stress in 50-kilometreracewalking divided into the applied training loads. Training unitscompleted in year-long training cycles of 50-kilometre racewalkershave been put under analysis. The research material includes twofour-year-long Olympic cycles from the years 2009-2012 and 2013-2016. In total, eight one-year cycles have been analysed.
Type and direction of laterality vs the choice of the stick of ice hockey players
No full textEfficient functioning of the nervous system and the high enough levelof coordination skills are basic elements enabling athletes to performcomplex motor activities which constitute the discipline they practise.The main aim of this work was to establish the relationship betweenthe type and direction of laterality of athletes and the type of thehockey stick used by them during the game. The analysis wasperformed by means of selected statistical tests. The results revealeda statistically significant correlation between the dominant hand andthe types of stick handling of particular players
Sports associations - the organisations of students sports in Hungary
No full textThe Hungarian Parliament adopted the resolution (65/2007) on the“National Sports Strategy XXI” which declared the long-term (2007-2020) aim of the state in terms of sports development. The visionidentified in the Sports Strategy has been shaped to allow Hungaryto becoming a sporting nation within the foreseeable future, whilepreserving its status as a sports nation. From this point of viewyounger generations are very important. Sporting opportunities forprimary-, high-school and university students are provided mostly bysports associations in Hungary. In my study I present theestablishing process, the financial resources and the structuralscheme of sports association
50km race walking tactics at world championships and olympics
No full textThis study is an attempt at determining the tactics of 50 km racewalking in the most important sport events, based on the analysis of5km lap times. The analysis covers lap times of finalists at the WorldChampionships in Moscow and Beijing well as the Olympics Gamesin London and in Rio de Janeiro, and also distribution of lap times ofthe gold medallist from the Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro, MateiToth, during the analysed four competitions. Findings: Theconducted analysis indicates that the speed at which a distance iscovered generally increases until 40 km, while the last 10 km haveno major impact on changes in the final classification. Attention hasbeen paid to the very important role played by mental resilience. Theauthors anticipate, based on the presented findings and trends thatoccur in contemporary sport, that the distance will be changed to 45km at the next Olympics in Tokyo
Identification of chronotype and diurnal performance
No full textThe aim of the study was to compare the chronotype and diurnalperformance from the point of view of explosive leg – musclestrength of lower limbs. The experimental sample consisted offemale and male university students (n = 18) attending various studyprogrammes and study fields at faculties of Matej Bel university inBanská Bystrica during the academic year 2014/2015. Thechronotype was identified and assessed by standardisedchronotype´s questionnaire (Horne & Ostberg, 1976). The parameterof the diurnal performance (the morning and the eveningperformance) was the explosive leg – muscle strength of lower limbs.Variations of explosive leg – muscle strength of lower limbs weredetected by the vertical jump –countermovement jump (CMJ) by thedevice Myotest PRO (Myotest, Switzerland). The morning and theevening performance were evaluated as the mean performance offive morning and five evening measurements which were realizedduring the week. The significant difference in diurnal performancewas not detected in the sample (p < 0.05). The results of thechronotype´s questionnaire showed that 13 probands tended to bethe intermediate chronotype (n = 13), moderate morning chronotypewas identified in three probands (n = 3) and the moderate eveningchronotype was identified in two probands (n = 2). Definitely morningand definitely evening chronotype were not identified
Comparison of response parameters of the organism to the load in sports karate disciplines kata and kumite
No full textAs part of the grant project VEGA 1/0414/15, we have decided tosummarize the findings of the variability in the level of loading, insports Karate-do disciplines Kata and Kumite, as the possibilities ofusing diagnostic load in the elite sports training. Sports Karatebelongs to the group of combat, strength-speed sports where theload structure of sports performance is characterised by irregularinterval oscillations of load intensity. Load intensity in both of itsdisciplines, however, ranges from medium to maximum duration andthe time during which the load continues in one duel in Kumite is 3min. for males, and 2 min. for females. In Kata, the average durationof one combat routine is 2 min. During such kind of load, themetabolic coverage of energy in the form of ATP-CP, anaerobicglycoses and aerobic phosphorylation takes place in both cases. Wehave measured the heart rate by means of a telemetry system Polarteam 2 during sports performance in kata and kumite under trainingconditions. It was found that on average, the cardiovascular systemunderwent higher load in kumite. The average maximum heart ratevalues for kumite were higher by 4 n.min-1. Furthermore, theaverage HR values for kata were 188 n.min-1 while in kumite itreached 192 n.min-1. By measuring the blood lactate concentrationusing the the Biosen C-Line Lactate Analyser device, we found outthat the average maximum LA values immediately after load werehigher for kata competitors than kumite competitors, reaching adifference of 2.3 mmol.l-1. A comparison of maximum and minimumaverage LA values span during load showed that the differencebetween the maximum and minimum was higher for kataperformance (9.8 mmol.l-1), while for kumite it amounted only to 5.7mmol.l-1
Testing selected movement patterns using the ohmbelt
No full textOver the last two decades, interest and the resulting need for objectification has grown steadily in the regulation of intra-abdominal pressure, coactivation of trunk muscles and biomechanics of stabilization of the lumbar region. Raising awareness of the research issue contributes to improving the prevention and therapy of various pathologies related to core stabilization. The aim of the study was to evaluate the usability of Ohmbelt in practice with complex movement patterns to accelerate the diagnosis of stabilization strategy of the lumbar region. The Ohmbelt system is a relatively new, non-invasive method for examination intra-abdominal pressure. In our study, we found that the use of the Ohmbelt system is possible in the examination of the stabilization strategy of the lumbar region in both static and dynamic positions. Based on our results, it is possible to use Ohmbelt for other complex movement patterns.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24040/sjss.2024.9.1.3-1