Revistas UNIFOR-MG
Not a member yet
913 research outputs found
Sort by
Contexto epidemiológico e intervenções fisioterapêuticas para prevenção de quedas em idosos: uma revisão integrativa: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW.
No full textIntroduction: Senescence is a progressive, inherent process in all living organisms. Following the adult phase, individuals commence a structural and physiological decline marked by the loss of adaptability to the environment, a decrease in sensorimotor capacity, and alterations in neural responsiveness. When coupled with a deficiency in knowledge and infrastructure, these elements collectively constitute risk factors for falls. Objective: The principal aim of this study is to conduct an integrative literature review, examining the epidemiological milieu and the contribution of physiotherapy in preventing falls among the elderly. Method: This entails an integrative literature review, encompassing searches conducted across the following data platforms: LILACS, PubMed, and SciELO, spanning the years 2018-2022, in both English and Portuguese languages. Results: Following the application of designated descriptors and methodological criteria, this inquiry incorporates 28 articles. These articles elucidate the contextual and epidemiological attributes of elderly subjects experiencing falls, along with detailing the physiotherapeutic interventions employed for fall prevention within this demographic. Conclusion: The analysis suggests that elderly individuals, primarily of the female gender, characterized by advanced age, limited educational attainment, lower socioeconomic status, presence of physical and functional impairments, and utilization of medication, exhibit an elevated propensity for falls, predominantly within domestic settings.
Keywords: Physiotherapy, Falls, Prevention, Elderly, Epidemiological Context.Introdução: A senescência é um processo progressivo inerente a todos os seres vivos, após a fase adulta o indivíduo inicia um declínio estrutural e fisiológico, caracterizado pela perda da capacidade de adaptação ao ambiente, redução da capacidade sensoriomotora e alterações na resposta neural, que somado a falta de conhecimento e de infraestrutura formam os fatores de risco para quedas. Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo principal, analisar por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura o contexto epidemiológico e a atuação da fisioterapia na prevenção de quedas em idosos. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com buscas realizadas nas seguintes plataformas de dados: LILACS, PubMed e SciELO, entre o ano de 2018-2022, no idioma inglês e português. Resultados: Após a aplicação dos descritores, bem como dos critérios estabelecidos pela metodologia, foram incluídos, nesta pesquisa, 28 artigos que apresentaram o contexto e as características epidemiológicas dos idosos que sofreram quedas e as intervenções fisioterapêuticas utilizadas para prevenção de quedas em idosos. Conclusão: Infere-se que idosos predominantemente do sexo feminino, com idade mais avançada, menor nível de escolaridade, baixa classe econômica, com presença de alterações físicas e funcionais e que fazem o uso de medicação, tem maior ocorrência de quedas, que ocorre principalmente no ambiente domiciliar.
Palavras-chave: Fisioterapia, Quedas, Prevenção, Idosos, Contexto epidemiológico
Parâmetros laboratoriais para indivíduos transgênero ou com diversidade de gênero em uso hormonal: revisão narrativa
Full text linkIntroduction: The increase in clinical care for transgender or gender diverse individuals using hormones indicates the need to make adjustments to monitor the development of sexual characteristics and identify adverse effects and possible significant changes in laboratory parameters. Objective: to investigate laboratory parameters of transgender or gender diverse individuals. Methodology: Narrative review of the literature regarding laboratory data on transgender or gender diverse individuals using hormones. Articles published between 2012 and 2023 were selected in the PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar databases, focusing on individuals aged 8 to 55 years using hormone therapy. Results: Hematocrit approaches a mid-range value between the male and female reference value after the start of THAG in both cases (THF or THM). Creatinine, studies have shown that THM increases physiological serum values as THF decreases. Changes in sex steroid concentrations, body composition and laboratory values begin to occur within 3 months of starting hormone therapy and recommend that the reference range to be used should be the gender affirmation range of the individual\u27s choosing, except for exams dependent on organs specific to the sex at birth. Conclusion: More studies are needed on specific reference intervals that consider gender identity with the use of hormone therapy and other aspects related to the health of these individuals.Introdução: O aumento dos atendimentos clínicos de indivíduos transgêneros ou com diversidade de gênero em uso de hormônios indica a necessidade de realizar ajuste para monitorar o desenvolvimento das características sexuais e identificar efeitos adversos e possíveis alterações significativas nos parâmetros laboratoriais. Objetivo: investigar parametros laboratoriais de indivíduos transgênero ou com diversidade de gênero. Metodologia: Revisão narrativa da literatura referente a dados laboratoriais em indivíduos transgêneros ou com diversidade de genero em uso hormonal. Foram selecionados artigos publicados entre 2012 e 2023 nas bases de dados PubMed, Science Direct e Google Scholar, focando em indivíduos de 8 a 55 anos em uso deterapia hormonal. Resultados: Hematócrito aproxima-se de valor meio-termo entre o valor de referência masculino e feminino após o início da THAG em ambos os casos (THF ou THM). Creatinina, os estudos demonstraram que a THM aumenta os valores fisiológicos séricos ao compasso em que a THF diminui. As mudanças nas concentrações de esteroides sexuais, composição corporal e valores laboratoriais começam a ocorrer dentro de 3 meses após inicio da terapia hormonal e recomendam que o intervalo de referência a ser utilizado deve ser a de afirmação de gênero de escolha do indivíduo, exceto para exames dependentes de órgãos específicos do sexo de nascimento. Conclusão: Mais estudos são necessários acerca dos intervalos de referência específicos que considerem a identidade de gênero com uso da terapia hormonal e outros aspectos relacionados à saúde desses indivíduos
A relevância dos fatores genéticos associados aos linfócitos infiltrantes no câncer de mama triplo negativo
Full text linkIntroduction: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is aggressive and heterogeneous, affecting 10-20% of breast cancer cases. Its presence is more common in premenopausal women and those with mutations in the BRCA-1 gene. High infiltration of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is associated with a favorable prognosis, but the reasons for the discrepancies are still unknown. Objective: To analyze the main genetic aspects related to TILs in TNBC and evaluate their clinical impact. Methodology: The research, using specific descriptors, reviewed 140 articles on the relationship between genetic factors and infiltrating lymphocytes in triple-negative breast cancer. Thirteen articles were selected using the JBI Appraisal Tools. The methodology followed the PRISMA protocol, including descriptive statistical analyses. Results: Breast cancer involves malignant cells in breast tissues. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are crucial in the cancer response and can be enhanced by chemotherapy. Studies highlight the association between TILs and a better response to therapy in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Stratifying TNBCs into molecular subtypes influences treatment choices. The heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in TNBC suggests personalized therapeutic strategies. Conclusion: Research on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) highlights the complex interconnection between genetic, immunological, and molecular factors. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) play a crucial role, improving the effectiveness of chemotherapy and predicting treatment responses. Deep understanding is crucial to personalize effective treatments in TNBC, with the ongoing need for research for optimal approaches and better patient outcomes.Introdução: O câncer de mama triplo negativo (TNBC) é agressivo e heterogêneo, afetando 10-20% dos casos de câncer de mama. Sua presença é mais comum em mulheres pré-menopáusicas e com mutações no gene BRCA-1. A alta infiltração de linfócitos (TILs) está associada a um prognóstico favorável, mas as razões para as discrepâncias ainda são desconhecidas. Objetivo: Analisar os principais aspectos genéticos que se relacionam aos TILs no TNBC e avaliar sua repercussão clínica. Metodologia: A pesquisa, usando descritores específicos, revisou 140 artigos sobre a relação entre fatores genéticos e linfócitos infiltrantes no câncer de mama triplo negativo. Treze artigos foram selecionados, utilizando a ferramenta JBI Appraisal Tools. A metodologia seguiu o protocolo PRISMA, incluindo análises estatísticas descritivas. Resultados: O câncer de mama envolve células malignas nos tecidos mamários. Os linfócitos infiltrantes do tumor (TILs) são cruciais na resposta ao câncer e podem ser potencializados pela quimioterapia. Estudos destacam a associação entre TILs e melhor resposta à terapia em câncer de mama triplo negativo (TNBC). Estratificar TNBCs em subtipos moleculares influencia a escolha de tratamentos. A heterogeneidade do microambiente tumoral (TME) em TNBC sugere estratégias terapêuticas personalizadas. Conclusão: A pesquisa sobre câncer de mama triplo-negativo (TNBC) destaca a interconexão complexa entre fatores genéticos, imunológicos e moleculares. Os linfócitos infiltrantes do tumor (TILs) desempenham papel crucial, melhorando a eficácia da quimioterapia e prevendo respostas ao tratamento. A compreensão profunda é crucial para personalizar tratamentos eficazes no TNBC, com a necessidade contínua de pesquisa para abordagens ideais e melhores resultados dos pacientes
Anti-dumping laws in India: a paradigm shift in business
Full text linkThis structural review paper contributes a momentous role in the evaluation of anti-dumping laws in India and historical intervention of the international conventions in the development of Indian laws from the year 1985 to present scenario. The study has also reflected trade concerns from the neighboring countries. Anti-dumping laws are the subject matter of indirect taxes in India. It is to safeguard inland businesses from the negative business repercussion due to dumping of foreign similar goods. Paper has outlined the concept of imposed duty which is constructed on the Article VI of GATT 1994, Custom Tariff Act, 1975, Anti-Dumping Rules, 1995. The paper has attempted to capture the amendments of the laws with the pace of time and judicial dictum in the event of trade conflict.
This paper shows a significant viewpoint on the process of imposing duty by reflecting a methodical acumen of how authorities work in case of dumping in line with the international conventions and domestic laws. The paper has also embarked with treasured directions for the impending research in conjunction with this line of inquiry. This structural review paper contributes a momentous role in the evaluation of anti-dumping laws in India and historical intervention of the international conventions in the development of Indian laws from the year 1985 to present scenario. The study has also reflected trade concerns from the neighboring countries. Anti-dumping laws are the subject matter of indirect taxes in India. It is to safeguard inland businesses from the negative business repercussion due to dumping of foreign similar goods. Paper has outlined the concept of imposed duty which is constructed on the Article VI of GATT 1994, Custom Tariff Act, 1975, Anti-Dumping Rules, 1995. The paper has attempted to capture the amendments of the laws with the pace of time and judicial dictum in the event of trade conflict. This paper shows a significant viewpoint on the process of imposing duty by reflecting a methodical acumen of how authorities work in case of dumping in line with the international conventions and domestic laws. The paper has also embarked with treasured directions for the impending research in conjunction with this line of inquiry
As tecnologias de informação, a Democracia e seus pressupostos
Full text linkThis paper addresses the crisis facing democracy today. To this end, it prioritizes a culturalist perspective, which seeks to present the civic foundations necessary for a democratic order. Based on this premise, the text analyzes the impacts of the transformations occurring in information technologies on these civic requirements. It shows how current hegemonic institutions shape the communication environment of contemporary democracies, producing perverse effects and challenges of enormous magnitude, undermining the civic assumptions necessary for democracy. Finally, it draws attention to the need to regulate the principles of social media governance as a requirement for the viability of democracy. Institutional mechanisms for regulating social networks are fundamental to creating the societal conditions for democratic order.Este trabalho trata da crise que a democracia enfrenta na atualidade. Para tal, será privilegiada a perspectiva culturalista, que busca apresentar os fundamentos cívicos necessários para uma ordem democrática. Partindo desse pressuposto, o texto analisa os impactos das transformações ocorridas nas tecnologias de informação sobre esses requisitos cívicos. Mostra como as instituições hegemônicas atuais moldam o ambiente comunicacional das democracias contemporâneas, produzindo efeitos perversos e desafios de enorme magnitude, abalando os pressupostos cívicos necessários para uma democracia. Finalmente, chama a atenção para a necessidade de regulação dos princípios de governança das redes sociais, como requisito para a viabilização da democracia. Mecanismos institucionais de regulação das redes sociais são fundamentais para criação das condições societais da ordem democrática
The impact of generative artificial intelligence on regulation of legal norms and social responsibility
Full text linkThe study examines the legal and ethical implications of generative artificial intelligence (AI) within the field of law and social responsibility. Purpose of the study was to identify the main risks associated with the use of generative AI and offer measures for responsible regulation. The main research methods chosen were legal analysis drawing on information law, ethics, and digital governance. The research contrasts national and foreign practices, drawing on key regulatory frameworks such as the Russian AI development strategy, the EU AI Act, the GDPR, the U.S. Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights, and China’s regulations on generative AI, to evaluate how different jurisdictions manage questions of creative ownership, responsibility, transparency, and data protection. Based on the results, it was indicated that current norms leave significant gaps, particularly regarding the improper use of machine-generated material, breaches of personal information, and manipulation of digital records. The article highlights the importance of introducing clear identification of AI-created outputs and defining duties for those who design or employ such tools, to sustain public confidence in digital justice. It concludes that the responsible use of generative AI depends on finding equilibrium between technological progress and the defense of individual freedoms. Its main contribution lies in defining generative AI as a complex informational object and outlining directions for future regulation that link legal norms with ethical and social accountabilityThe study examines the legal and ethical implications of generative artificial intelligence (AI) within the field of law and social responsibility. Purpose of the study was to identify the main risks associated with the use of generative AI and offer measures for responsible regulation. The main research methods chosen were legal analysis drawing on information law, ethics, and digital governance. The research contrasts national and foreign practices, drawing on key regulatory frameworks such as the Russian AI development strategy, the EU AI Act, the GDPR, the U.S. Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights, and China’s regulations on generative AI, to evaluate how different jurisdictions manage questions of creative ownership, responsibility, transparency, and data protection. Based on the results, it was indicated that current norms leave significant gaps, particularly regarding the improper use of machine-generated material, breaches of personal information, and manipulation of digital records. The article highlights the importance of introducing clear identification of AI-created outputs and defining duties for those who design or employ such tools, to sustain public confidence in digital justice. It concludes that the responsible use of generative AI depends on finding equilibrium between technological progress and the defense of individual freedoms. Its main contribution lies in defining generative AI as a complex informational object and outlining directions for future regulation that link legal norms with ethical and social accountabilit
Protecting human rights in Vietnam\u27s prison sentences: insights from judicial supervision today
Full text linkThe Vietnamese justice system faces a delicate balancing act between punishment and public safety on one side and upholding the fundamental human rights of all, including prisoners, on the other. Committed to international human rights standards, Vietnam embeds principles of dignity and basic rights in its constitution of 2013. However, applying these ideals within prison contexts presents complex challenges. The People\u27s Procuracy serves as a vigilant overseers, ensuring that prisons adhere to national and international human rights norms. Their focus includes providing safe environments, respectful treatment, and rehabilitation opportunities for inmates. Yet, resource limitations and institutional opacity hinder effective oversight. Additionally, cultural priorities emphasizing social order may sometimes overshadow individual rights. To enhance human rights protections, Vietnam can foster transparency, provide human rights training for judicial supervisors, and raise public awareness. This ongoing effort aims to ensure that prison sentences are administered with dignity, reinforcing a justice system that prioritizes both societal safety and individual rights. Academic inquiry into the People\u27s Procuracy\u27s role in safeguarding prisoner rights informs recommendations for enhancing human rights protection within supervisory frameworks. The current study seeks to provide insight into how the People\u27s Procuracy in Vietnam oversees the treatment and education of incarcerated individuals. By examining their methods, the current study aims to illuminate how these practices safeguard the fundamental rights of those serving prison sentences. Additionally, this article proposes recommendations to strengthen the effectiveness of human rights protection within the framework of these supervisory methods.The Vietnamese justice system faces a delicate balancing act between punishment and public safety on one side and upholding the fundamental human rights of all, including prisoners, on the other. Committed to international human rights standards, Vietnam embeds principles of dignity and basic rights in its constitution of 2013. However, applying these ideals within prison contexts presents complex challenges. The People\u27s Procuracy serves as a vigilant overseers, ensuring that prisons adhere to national and international human rights norms. Their focus includes providing safe environments, respectful treatment, and rehabilitation opportunities for inmates. Yet, resource limitations and institutional opacity hinder effective oversight. Additionally, cultural priorities emphasizing social order may sometimes overshadow individual rights. To enhance human rights protections, Vietnam can foster transparency, provide human rights training for judicial supervisors, and raise public awareness. This ongoing effort aims to ensure that prison sentences are administered with dignity, reinforcing a justice system that prioritizes both societal safety and individual rights. Academic inquiry into the People\u27s Procuracy\u27s role in safeguarding prisoner rights informs recommendations for enhancing human rights protection within supervisory frameworks. The current study seeks to provide insight into how the People\u27s Procuracy in Vietnam oversees the treatment and education of incarcerated individuals. By examining their methods, the current study aims to illuminate how these practices safeguard the fundamental rights of those serving prison sentences. Additionally, this article proposes recommendations to strengthen the effectiveness of human rights protection within the framework of these supervisory methods
O conhecimento dos estudantes do ensino fundamental e médio acerca do papiloma vírus humano
Full text linkObjective: analyze the knowledge of adolescents enrolled in schooling about the transmission, prevention, screening and oncogenicity of human papillomavirus (HPV) in their sexual and reproductive lives. Methodology: this is a quantitative research. A total of 167 adolescents aged 10 to 19 years who had parental authorization and spontaneously wanted to participate participated in the study. The instrument of data collection was a questionnaire composed of 50 questions. The quantitative analysis was made through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program. Results: the data indicated that adolescents lack knowledge about HPV, as well as lack of information on preventive measures, HPV vaccine, and preventive screening, which indicates the relevance of promoting health, based on education supported by innovative and participatory teaching methods that motivate adolescents\u27 interaction and awareness about the importance of preventing sexually transmitted infections and other vulnerabilities characteristic of the adolescence. Conclusion: it is necessary to articulate intersectoral and interdisciplinary strategies to achieve changes through an internal process in which the knowledge acquisition will provide space for the construction and modification of knowledge, understanding that health education involves not only cognition, but also the affectivity of the adolescents propitiating the self-care with consequent improvement of the quality of life.
Keywords: Adolescent; Sexuality; Human Papilloma Virus; Education.Objetivo: analisar o conhecimento dos adolescentes escolarizados sobre a forma de transmissão, prevenção, rastreamento e oncogenicidade do papiloma vírus humano (HPV) para sua vida sexual e reprodutiva. Metodologia: trata-se de pesquisa quantitativa. O cenário de estudo foi uma Escola Estadual do interior de Minas Gerais. Foram sujeitos da pesquisa 167 adolescentes compreendidos na faixa etária de 10 a 19 anos que tiveram autorização dos pais e quiseram espontaneamente participar. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário composto de 50 questões. A análise foi feita através do programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Resultados: os dados indicaram o conhecimento deficitário dos adolescentes acerca do HPV, assim como a carência de informações sobre as medidas preventivas, vacina contra o HPV, e o exame preventivo o que denota a relevância de se promover saúde, a partir da educação apoiada em métodos de ensino inovadores e participativos que motivem a interação e conscientização dos adolescentes sobre a importância de se prevenirem das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e das demais vulnerabilidades características da fase da adolescência. Conclusão: faz-se necessário articular estratégias intersetoriais e interdisciplinares para alcançar mudança de atitudes por meio de um processo interno no qual a aquisição do conhecimento proporcionará espaço para a construção e modificação de saberes, entendendo que educar em saúde envolve não somente a cognição, mas também a afetividade dos adolescentes propiciando o autocuidado com consequente melhoria da qualidade de vida.
Palavras-chave: Adolescente; Sexualidade; Papiloma vírus humano; Educação
Perfil etnobotânico de plantas medicinais utilizadas no distrito de Mé-Zochi, São Tomé e Príncipe
Full text linkSince ancient times, man has used medicinal plants as therapeutic resources and this accumulated knowledge about these plants has been passed from generation to generation, improving health and life. On the African continent, 70 to 80% of people consult traditional healers, who collect medicinal plants from nature that they use to treat their patients. In this context, this research aimed to identify the ethnobotanical profile of medicinal plants used by two communities located in the district of Mé-Zochi, in São Tomé and Príncipe. A semi-structured questionnaire addressed the interviewees\u27 profile, knowledge about the use or not of medicinal plants, and the form of use and therapeutic purposes. The results showed that most of those interviewed are women farmers, who use the bark in the form of tea, taken from trees or bushes, and colected from the native forest to treat their illnesses naturally. The most utilized species are Cinchona pubescens and Allophylus grandifolius for the communities of Saudade and Abade, respectively. In these communities, species are cultivated and preserved in an agroforestry system.Desde a antiguidade o homem tem usado as plantas medicinais como recursos terapêuticos e este conhecimento acumulado sobre essas plantas tem sido passado de geração em geração, melhorando a saúde e a vida. No continente africano, 70 a 80% das pessoas consultam terapeutas tradicionais, que colhem da natureza as plantas medicinais que usam no tratamento dos seus doentes. Neste contexto, esta pesquisa objetivou identificar o perfil etnobotânico das plantas medicinais utilizadas por duas comunidades localizadas no distrito de Mé-Zochi, em São Tomé e Príncipe. Foi utilizado um questionário semiestruturado que abordou o perfil dos entrevistados, o conhecimento sobre o uso ou não de plantas medicinais, bem como a forma de utilização e finalidades terapêuticas. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria dos entrevistados são mulheres agricultoras, que usam as cascas em forma de chá, retiradas das árvores ou arbustos, recolhidas da floresta nativa para tratar as suas enfermidades de forma natural. As espécies mais utilizadas são a Cinchona pubescens e a Allophylus grandifolius para as comunidades de Saudade e Abade, respetivamente. Nestas comunidades, as espécies são cultivadas e preservadas em sistemas agroflorestais