Economic Publishing Platform
Not a member yet
2446 research outputs found
Sort by
E-customer preferences on sustainable last mile deliveries in the e-commerce market: A cross-generational perspective
No full textResearch background: In the last few years, e-commerce market has increased in population shares, but the situation has changed dramatically since the Covid-19 pandemic. Electronic marketplaces have changed due to rapid digitalization and shopping. Online services offer the possibility to choose a different delivery method such as home delivery or out-of-home delivery. This aspect of the e-commerce market faces an increased interest among practitioners and academia in the field of sustainable last mile deliveries. Interestingly, the subject literature consists of papers analyzing the e-commerce impact on the last-mile delivery. However, the identification of factors for choosing a delivery method and factors that motivate e-customers to choose an eco-friendly delivery method is still an unrecognized field of research.
Purpose of the article: The authors of the paper focused on the e-customer perspective on sustainable deliveries in cities. Thus, the main purpose of the paper is to compare factors among the generations that motivate e-customers for choosing a delivery method.
Methods: The research was conducted among 1.110 e-customers in Poland in 2021. The paper aims to answer the following research question: what factors motivate each generation for choosing a delivery method? To answer the above-mentioned question, the correspondence analysis (MCA) is prepared that help to identify and compare factors in each generation.
Findings & value added: The original research procedure focused on the use of multivariate statistical methods in the study of e-customers’ preferences. The analysis revealed three clusters of e-customers in terms of pro-sustainable factors: (a) aged 65+ without pro-sustainable tendency, (b) aged 18–64 with pro-sustainable attitudes, and (c) mixed with no identified delivery preferences. As a result of the research, it can be concluded that the parcel price and the possibility of free return are still the most important factors in choosing the delivery method. From a business/practical perspective, the research results can be used by companies that are the main stakeholders in last mile deliveries, including mainly forwarders and transport companies
Steady-state comparison of torque vectoring and vehicle tilt influence on narrow car steering characteristics
No full textArticle compares the roll-to-curve and torque vectoring impact on a steering characteristics. The comparison is based on an adopted for tilt mathematical model with two DOFs. The lateral tire forces are a function of the tire sideslip angle and the angle of tilt. The first chapter contains a description of the vehicle for which a series of road tests and simulations was carried out. Next chapter contains an experimental verification of the mathematical model of the vehicle and the simulation tests carried out. The paper describes the mathematical model of the vehicle used to perform the simulation. The next chapter contains the description and results of steady-state simulations examining the effect of differentiation of driving forces on the steering characteristics and the impact of tilt angle on the steering characteristics. The article ends with the chapter containing the conclusions
Functioning of the Crises Management System at the country and commune including the aspects of transport
No full textThis article discusses the problems of the crisis management system, with particular emphasis on the county and commune levels, along with the aspect of transport as part of crisis response. The aim of the work is to present the essence of the system, its determinants interdependent on the dynamics of crisis events, which should be taken over by means of planned actions. The crisis management system is imperfect, its activity is ineffective due to faulty organizational solutions, incomplete staffing of jobs, incomplete legal regulations and insufficient financial, information, human and material resources.
The work uses both quantitative and qualitative methods, such as: system analysis, cause-and-effect analysis, statistical method and synthesis. The results of the pilot studies were presented and old and new problems were presented. Moreover, practical solutions were proposed to improve the crisis management system. Nevertheless, not all problems are presented in this paper. The spectrum of the issue, its complexity and the changes announced by the Polish government indicate a further need to raise this issue on a scientific basis
Particle swarm methods for transport and logistics optimization processes
No full textThis article describes heuristic approaches to static optimization methods, taking into account the nature of the motion of a swarm of particles representing, for example, birds, ants, bees, fireflies, bats, krill, cuckoos, cuttlefish, cockroaches, or the pollination process of flowers. In the given descriptions of the methods, the features of swarm intelligence are detailed, the optimization quality indicators are formulated, and flow charts of the computational algorithms are provided
The concept of a mobile system for detection fire phenomena based on convolutional neural network
No full textThe research problem taken up in the article is the development of an efficient, mobile and effective fire detection algorithm based on the architecture of artificial neural networks. Both the process of training and inference of CNNs is burdened with a high demand for computing power. In the case of desktop devices, equipped with powerful processors and graphics cards, this process is largely facilitated and does not cause great difficulties. Another situation, however, is the desire to create a detection algorithm that in its performance will not differ from the stationary version, nevertheless its additional feature will be mobility. The desire to supervise vast areas of critical infrastructure using an unmanned aerial vehicle, imposes peculiar hardware limitations, which mainly include weight and size. The creation of an algorithm that will carry out real-time fire detection under the above-mentioned assumptions will therefore be a task that will require the optimization of a trained neural network model, into a format supported by popular mobile systems such as the Raspberry Pi
What drives the preferences for cleaner energy? Parametrizing the elasticities of environmental quality demand for greenhouse gases
No full textResearch background: The heterogeneity in the factors that affect demand for environmental quality implicates a diverse set of policies and actions aimed at achieving cleaner production to address the challenges posed by pollution and damage to the natural environment. Even though this topic has been widely addressed, mainly from the traditional perspective of the Environmental Kuznets Curves hypothesis (EKC), it has been assumed that the environment is a luxury good with an income elasticity greater than unity. However, it has recently been recognized that the relationship between income and demand for cleaner energy may be more complex and that further inquiry may be needed for a better understanding.
Purpose of the article: This research work, employing a panel of European countries, offers direct explicit parameters for the elasticity of income-environmental quality demand for Greenhouse Gases (GHG), as well as its relationship with other important factors. It provides quantitative novel insights into the complex relationship between income and the preferences for cleaner energy.
Methods: A hierarchical regression equations approach is used to analyze the evolution of the elasticity of income-environmental quality demand with the inclusion of further co-variates that are relevant for the preferences side of the EKC, such as consumption, R+D investment and BERD (Business Enterprise Research and Development). The data for the empirical study comes from a panel of 16 European countries for the period from 2010 to 2020.
Findings & value added: The results show robust evidence that the elasticity of environmental quality demand, which although positive and significant, does not exceed one. To obtain an elasticity above unity, two more variables are needed, namely the R+D expenditure of business enterprises and the exposure of citizens to air pollution. These two factors have a similar or even higher effect on the preferences of agents for cleaner energy, which also means that the preferences of the citizens are endogenous to technological development. At the theoretical level, this work shows that the technological and preferences arguments are not substitute explanations of the EKC, but that technological development exerts a positive effect on the preferences of inhabitants, whose demand for environmental quality is heavily conditioned by their capabilities to see pollution, even more than by their income level. This also means that public policies directed to improve environmental awareness should be directed first towards those regions where the exposure of the citizens to pollution is lower
Attributes influencing responsible tourism consumer choices: Sustainable local food and drink, health-related services, and entertainment
No full textResearch background: This research focused on identifying attributes of tourism services which are guided by a responsible vision and which seek to achieve consumer satisfaction with products that respect sustainability principles. Responsible consumer choices were defined as those formed by an orientation toward sustainable local food and drink, health-related services, and entertainment.
Purpose of the article: This research had two aims. The first was to create and validate a measurement scale assessing tourists\u27 motivations with regard to three responsible tourism service dimensions. The second was to evaluate how tourists\u27 responsible choices affect their satisfaction.
Methods: The methodology included exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling to test the hypothesis developed based on a literature review. The convenience sample was made up of tourism service users.
Findings & value added: The results include a broad measurement tool that can be applied in other fields of research to detect which variables influence consumer satisfaction. The proposed model incorporates significant determining factors, namely, key aspects affecting tourism service selection by clients focused on sustainability and responsible consumption. Based on a market orientation (MO) perspective, the findings contribute to the existing literature on stakeholder theory (ST) and dynamic capability theory (DCT). The value added comprises a better understanding of responsible tourism consumers\u27 choices based on a three-part theoretical framework (i.e., MO, ST, and DCT)
Endogenous money supply, global liquidity and financial transactions: Panel evidence from OECD countries
No full textResearch background: Endogenous money creation is an inherent feature of today?s economies and widely accepted phenomenon. As the various theories of money rely on the money quantity equation, most empirical research is heading towards the analysis of the two-way relationship between the quantity of money and nominal GDP. In today\u27s world, with the extraordinary development of the financial sector, money is used not only for transactions in the real economy, but increasingly also for purchasing financial assets. This observation was absorbed by Werner in the quantity theory of disaggregated credit.
Purpose of the article: The aim of the paper is to join the debate on endogenous character of money supply by tasting a disaggregated equation of money. It assumes that the domestic money supply is positively determined not only by growth in GDP-based transactions but also by growth in non-GDP-based transactions (financial transactions). Additionally, it is assumed that in the age of globalization it can be also positively influenced by the global liquidity.
Methods: Testing of the above-mentioned hypotheses takes place with the use of panel unit roots tests, panel Granger causality test and panel estimations (OLS, models with fixed/random effects, GMM). In the study, annual data from 2002 to 2018 for OECD countries were chosen for statistical research.
Findings & value added: The article confirms the hypothesis that real and financial economic activity together with global liquidity positively influence domestic credit and thus money supply. As the amount of money in an economy is driven not only by the real economy but also by the financial economy, prudential regulations that restrict leverage (and thus control the amount of credit) and limit risk-taking during price bubbles periods should be therefore considered. In the research, the reaction of domestic money supply to the changes in US money supply is positive. It confirms the importance of spill-over effect of expansionary policy in major economies to other economies
The level of implementing sustainable development goal "Industry, innovation and infrastructure" of Agenda 2030 in the European Union countries: Application of MCDM methods
No full textResearch background: Sustainable development of the modern world represents an opportunity to preserve economic growth and technological progress, as well as social development, without limiting the possibilities of this development for past generations. The directions of this development are included in the 17 goals and 169 tasks of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The achievement of these goals and the implementation of the adopted tasks is a huge challenge for individual countries and regions. This also applies to the European Union (EU), where economic development is closely linked to environmental protection and social inclusion. Of key importance in this context is Objective 9 of Agenda 2030, and thus its level of implementation in the EU-27 countries is the aim of the research presented in this paper.
Purpose of the article: The research involved assessing the level of EU countries in terms of building stable infrastructure, promoting sustainable industrialization and fostering innovation, i.e., the main areas of Goal 9 of Agenda 2030.
Methods: The assessment was based on the EU?27 countries\u27 sustainable development index (SDG9) determined with the use of 14 indicators characterizing these areas between 2015?2020. The basis of the developed methodology was a multi criteria decision making approach (MCDM methods). TOPSIS, WASPAS and EDAS methods were used to determine the sustainability index, and the Entropy, CRITIC and standard deviation (SD) methods were used to determine weights for the adopted indicators. In addition, the use of the Spearman\u27s and Kendall\u27s Tau non-parametric tests enabled the analysis of the relationship between the SDG9 index and the basic economic, environmental and energy parameters, as well as the digitalization of the countries under study.
Findings & value added: The results show that the EU?27 countries vary widely in terms of implementing Sustainable Development Goal 9 of Agenda 2030 over the analyzed period. Now, the most advanced in this respect are Denmark, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Finland, and Sweden. By contrast, substantial problems are found in Bulgaria, Greece, Portugal, and Lithuania. The results also provide an opportunity to trace changes in the value of the designated index in individual countries, and in groups of countries of the "old" and "new" EU. These results significantly enrich the knowledge of the effectiveness of implementing Goal 9 of Agenda 2030 in the EU?27 countries and the relationship between the development of individual countries and sustainable development economy. These findings can also be used to create new EU?27 strategies for sustainable and solidarity-based development of the whole EU. In addition, the results can be helpful to decision-makers as they highlight important indicators related to innovation, industrialization and infrastructure that should be considered when formulating a country\u27s sustainable development strategy. The added value of the study is the research procedure presented, which can be used in analyses on the study of various issues related to sustainable development for other groups of regions
Dynamic safety management model for rail traffic control
No full textIn rail transport, increasing emphasis has been placed in recent years on improving safety levels. Therefore, more requirements and legal documents require risk analyses to be carried out at various stages of investment implementation. One of the leading legal documents that introduce the obligation to monitor risk is Directive (EU) 2016/798 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2016 on railway safety and Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 402/2013 of 30 April 2013 on the common safety method for risk evaluation and assessment and re-pealing Regulation (EC) No 352/2009. Additionally, for traffic control systems, the requirements of CENELEC standards are mandatory. These documents present the subject of safety level and show its relation with the safety targets defined in the railway system, including the different ways of measuring them. Methods are also available to analyse the safety level of railway system components in detail, both at the level of individual components, subsystems, and the whole national railway system. However, after conducting an in-depth analysis of the literature, the authors of the article indicate that these methods are not consistent with each other. There is no method defined to present the direct relation of the safety level of the components of the system on the achievement of safety targets for the national railway system. The research and analysis aimed to define an approach, a method that would meet all legal requirements but at the same time would allow to clearly and reliably determine the safety level of the railway system. To define a unified approach, the authors of the article propose to develop a model of a dynamic object - a railway system safety model, which has also been verified on accurate safety data in rail transport in recent years. This model organises the process of safety management on railways and allows to determine values influencing the achievement of safety targets on an assumed level