Journals Poznań University of Economics and Business
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Credit card fraud detection and risk management strategies: A deep learning-based approach for EU banks
Full text linkThis study explores supervised ML-DL based approaches for enhancing credit card fraud detection and improving financial risk management systems for EU banks. This research proposes an ensemble method based on majority voting (Hard Voting Classifier) of deep learning models to detect fraud transaction. Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Convolution Neural Network (CNN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) have been used as deep learning models. First, the most significant features that affect the type of transaction (fraud or not fraud) have been selected. After that, the ML-DL models were applied. The performance of the proposed approach is tested using a confusion matrix, recall, precision, F-measure and accuracy. The proposed method is tested using accurate data that consists of 540,099 transactions recorded in Kaggle repository dataset of two days based on European card holder for September, 2023. The result shows that the Random Forest (RF) model detected anomalies with 99.99% accuracy, F1-score with 1.00, and excellent recall with 99.99%. As a result, the machine learning model based on RF approach shows promise as a real-time anomaly detection method with high performance and low computational cost
The role of the primary balance in assessing the financial situation of local government
Full text linkThe key aspect of assessing the financial condition of local government units in Poland is compliance with the individual debt repayment and service ratio. Equally important is the budget balance – especially if it is negative, in which case funding sources must be identified. The operating balance, the difference between current revenues and expenditures, also significantly impacts debt service ability and is embedded in the Polish legal-financial framework.
Currently, financial assessments focus mainly on the budget and operating balances. However, the authors propose incorporating an additional measure – the primary balance – defined as the difference between total revenues and expenditures, excluding debt servicing. This study aims to apply the primary balance to evaluate the financial condition of all local government units in Poland over 2004–2023. The findings confirm the value of using the primary balance as a key indicator of financial stability
Entrepreneurial incubation within the entrepreneurial university: Case studies in Europe and Africa
No full textObjectif : Cette étude explore les modèles européens et africains d’activités entrepreneuriales universitaires et d’initiatives d’incubation d’entreprises, en mettant en lumière leur impact sur la société et le développement socio-économique. L’objectif est de mieux comprendre la contribution de la « troisième mission » des universités, axée sur la responsabilité sociale et économique.
Conception/méthodologie/approche : Une approche qualitative et exploratoire a été adoptée pour comparer deux contextes culturels distincts. L’analyse repose sur des études de cas, des observations et l’examen des pratiques organisationnelles dans des écosystèmes universitaires variés.
Résultats : Les résultats révèlent des différences significatives dans les approches organisationnelles et les effets concrets des initiatives universitaires sur la société. Les modèles analysés montrent comment les contextes spécifiques influencent l’impact des actions entrepreneuriales.
Originalité/valeur : Cette recherche enrichit les modèles de développement de l’éducation à l’entrepreneuriat et favorise la collaboration interculturelle et intercontinentale. Elle offre de nouvelles perspectives pour l’intégration des universités dans leurs écosystèmes entrepreneuriaux locaux et globaux.Purpose: This study explores European and African models of university entrepreneurial activities and business incubation initiatives, highlighting their impact on society and socio-economic development. The goal is to better understand the contribution of the university ’ s “third mission,” focused on social and economic responsibility.
Design/methodology/approach: A qualitative and exploratory approach was adopted to compare two distinct cultural contexts. The analysis is based on case studies, observations, and the examination of organisational practices within varied university ecosystems.
Findings: The findings reveal significant differences in organisational approaches and the concrete effects of university initiatives on society. The analysed models show how specific contexts influence the impact of entrepreneurial actions.
Originality/value: This research enriches development models for entrepreneurship education and promotes cross-cultural and intercontinental collaboration. It offers new perspectives for integrating universities into their local and global entrepreneurial ecosystems
Economic growth in the European Union: Exploring the role of innovation and gender
Full text linkThis paper aims to investigate the linkages between human capital and employment in high-tech sectors and their impacts on economic growth, considering the overall level of innovation in both the public and private sectors and exploring the role of gender. The analysis employs dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) to estimate a model for the EU-27 across the period 2008–2021. The results indicate that employment in high-tech sectors is the variable that most contributes to economic growth in those countries that are leaders in innovation. However, in these countries, a positive and significant effect of the gender gap in employment is observed
Tourism research and education in Poland. History and contemporary issues
Full text linkThe article identifi es socio–economic changes in Poland aft er 1989 and their influence on the improvement of macroeconomic indicators and competitiveness. It also evaluates the impact of macroeconomic eff ects on the tourism market in Poland. Against this background the author considers the relationship between scientific research and tourism education arguing that quantitative changes in the development of tourism higher education have not resulted in the increase in both quantity and quality of research in the field. The article identifies drivers of tourism research that have expanded knowledge and were of practical use. The issues discussed include statistical capture and analysis of tourism-related phenomena, regional studies on sustainable development and the tourism function of regions as well as microeconomic problems such as quality of services, innovativeness and entrepreneurship
Enhancing financial inclusion through Shari’a-compliant microfinance: A case study of Al-Amal Microfinance Bank in Yemen
Full text linkThis study explores the role of Shari’a-compliant microfinance in advancing financial inclusion and improving socio-economic conditions, with a particular focus on serving the financial needs of marginalised populations in rural areas. Through a case study of Al-Amal Microfinance Bank in Yemen, the research highlights the bank’s effectiveness in expanding access to financial services via tailored solutions and strategic outreach. By deploying a network of financial and non-financial agents in remote areas, alongside digital banking platforms, Al-Amal Bank successfully mitigates barriers such as distance, cost and accessibility. The integration of electronic services further enhances financial access, contributing to more inclusive development across the country
Exploring the relationship between R&D investment and the labour market outcomes in the OECD countries
Full text linkThis paper examines the relationship between labour market outcomes, labour market policies, and investment in R&D in OECD countries from 2011 to 2021. Firstly, the relationships between labour market variables and R&D investment variables were estimated using Pearson correlation. Subsequently, predictive models were developed using eight algorithms to assess their performance in explaining labour market outcomes. K-fold cross-validation was employed to average results over multiple train/test splits. Initial findings indicate that R&D investment was positively associated with the employment rate and labour force participation rate, and negatively associated with the unemployment rate. Furthermore, public spending on active labour market policies showed a significant association with R&D investment variables. Additionally, findings based on the performance of predictive models revealed that data on R&D investment and labour market outcomes exhibit complex interactions best captured by ensemble techniques – Random Forest and Gradient Boosting. Regardless of the model used, the strictness of employment protection for temporary contracts consistently emerged as an important predictor for all labour market outcomes. Moreover, indicators related to R&D investment demonstrated relatively strong predictive power, suggesting a meaningful contribution of such investment to employment outcomes. Innovation-related measures also emerged as relevant factors influencing labour market outcomes in OECD countries
CEO values and corporate performance: A text mining and LLM-based approach
Full text linkThis study examines the effects of CEO values on corporate performance across five standard dimensions of companies’ activity: liquidity, profitability, solvency, operating efficiency, and valuation. Utilising two complementary approaches – dictionary-based text mining and a ChatGPT-based approach to analyse over 4900 CEO interviews, we identified the CEO Schwartz value profiles and compared them with corporate outcomes. We found that CEOs prioritising the Achievement value enhance corporate profitability. In turn, CEOs with a strong orientation toward Security mostly tend to prioritise financial liquidity and long-term value creation, potentially sacrificing short-term profits. Additionally, CEOs emphasising Self-direction or Stimulation maintain higher cash reserves, with less focus on operating efficiency. The results show that CEOs’ values may lead to different strategies and, as a consequence, differences in companies\u27 financial results. Additionally, the results enable better understanding of the sources of these differences
Forty years of tourism education and research
Full text linkAfter 40 years of growth, tourism education can be found in the higher education repertoire of countries across with world. Indications of its progress can be seen in the development of popular courses that attract large numbers of students as well as in a range of research outputs in some good academic journals. However, progress in the past few years, especially since the 2008 economic crisis, has been less certain. Notably the context of higher education has changed and this has brought some problems for tourism. Increasingly it needs to justify its position in the academy, especially in terms of student recruitment, student quality, research outputs and income, and societal impacts. For many centres of tourism study this represents a challenge. This is creating uncertainty for the future
Strengthening the image of Marseille through nautical architectural infrastructure: Analysis of the modernisation of the Roucas Blanc Marina for the 2024 Summer Olympics
Full text linkArchitectural investments in sports infrastructure serve marketing purposes, particularly place branding and city image creation. The article examines the modernisation of the Roucas Blanc facilities, Marseille, for 2024 Summer Olympics nautical events. It discusses tourism and image-related benefits. The study used a mixed method. Firstly, secondary materials, including Marseille’s official project documents and development strategies were collected and analysed. Secondly, field studies with photographic documentation of the modernised Roucas Blanc Marina focused on functionality and architectural solutions. Thirdly, a survey among coaches of the Polish sailing team preparing for the Olympics was conducted. Despite the shortage of respondents, the survey provided expert opinions on the port facilities. The documents confirmed that nautical infrastructure is a cornerstone of Marseille’s promotional strategy. The photographs revealed architecturally and functionally coherent development and facilities well integrated into the surroundings. The coaches appreciated the facility’s modernity and indicated their intention for future training camps there. The study confirmed that the Roucas Blanc Marina modernisation strengthens Marseille’s image and can promote the long-term sports tourism development. The limited survey scope and the scarcity of data following the Games indicates the need for further long-term analyses of the impact these investments have exerted on the city