Journals Portal Naif Arab University for Security Sciences
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Comparative Study of Anthropometric and Cardiovascular Parameters in Healthy Sedentary and Non-Sedentary Subjects in the Nnewi Community
No full textIn this study, the associations between sedentary and nonsedentarylifestyles with certain anthropometric and cardiovascularparameters were investigated.The study populations consisted of four hundred (n = 400)randomly selected sedentary and non-sedentary adult malesubjects in the age group of 25 – 55 years, from the Nnewicommunity, who satisfied the inclusion criteria. They weregrouped in three (3) groups consisting of Group A (25 – 35years), Group B (36 – 45 years), and Group C (46 – 55 years).Out of which 207 were sedentary and 193 were non-sedentarysubjects. Anthropometric parameters such as: weight (kg),height (cm), waist circumference (cm), hip circumference(cm), and mid arm circumference (cm), and cardiovascularparameters [systolic and diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)]were measured.Results showed a statistically significant increase in anthropometricand cardiovascular parameters in sedentarysubjects compared to non-sedentary subjects. There was,however, a significant positive correlation of waist circumference(coefficient = 0.161) than hip circumference (coefficient= 0.158). Among sedentary subjects, only waist-to-hip ratio(WHR) had a significant positive correlation with diastolicblood pressure (coefficient = 0.181, p < 0.01).This study provides clear evidence that there is a linear relationshipbetween physical activities and health status amongindividuals wich can help in forensic identification
Detection of the Timing of Human Skin Wounds by Immunohistochemical Analysis of CD14
No full textDetermination of time of injury is one of the most important topics in forensic autopsy. Several researches have been developed to estimate wound age, unfortunately with limited success. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the efficacy of Cluster of Differentiation 14 (CD14) as a reliable marker for estimating wound age. The study was conducted on forty bodies of victims with different types of wound and known infliction time. Skin samples were obtained during autopsy from the center of the wound. Sections from samples were histologically examined by H & E stain. Immunohistochemical staining was done using CD14 antibody and the staining density was evaluated semi-quantitatively. There was a statistically significant relation between wound age and percentage of CD14 expression. Expression of CD14 was 61.81±6.55 % in specimens from wounds aged less than 12 hours. It increased till reaching its maximum (96.40±3.78 %) for wounds aged between 1-3 days. Then it decreased dramatically to 14.80±3.49 % in wounds older than 3 days. CD14 is proved to be a reliable marker for estimating wound age. It gave best results in wounds aged between 1-3 days with an overall accuracy of 100%. Accordingly, it can be used to determine wound age in medicolegal practice
Establishing Sequence of Inkjet Printer, Laser Printer and Writing Ink Strokes using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
No full textThe aim of the present study is to determine the sequence of laser printer, inkjet printer, and writing ink (ball point pen ink, gel pen ink, pilot pen ink and fountain pen ink) strokes using a low voltage (1kV) scanning electron microscope (SEM). Intersections were prepared using an inkjet printer, laser printer, and writing instruments on copier paper. About 1cm2 of intersection was cut using scissors and mounted to the probe stage of the SEM using double-sided tape. Each sample was analyzed at different operating parameters. The results were evaluated on the basis of continuity and iscontinuity of strokes at intersection point. It was possible to determine the correct sequence of printer strokes versus other writing instruments’ strokes; inkjet printer stroke versus fountain and pilot pen ink stroke; however, inconclusive results were obtained in the case of inkjet printer strokes versus ball point pen and gel pen ink strokes. The ffectiveness of this technique was determined by analyzing the exact sequence of blind samples. An SEM could be used as mplimentary tool with other optical methods to examine the sequence of strokes
Towards a Legislative Mechanism for Facing the Traffic Problem in Egypt: A Comparative Study on the Black Spots System
No full textتعد الحوادث المرورية أحد أهم أسباب استنزاف الموارد البشرية والمادية في مصر؛ ما يمثل عبئًا على الدولة، كما أنها تحصد قرابة ٥٠٠٠ قتيل وأكثر من ٢٢٠٠٠ مصاب كل عام؛ وتتسبب في خسارة ٢٪ من إجمالي الدخل القومي سنويًّا وفقًا لإحصاءات الجمعية المصرية للوقاية من حوادث المرور، وتعد السبب الثاني للوفيات، وتمثل المرحلة العمرية من (١٥ - ٤٥ سنة) ٨٠٪ من ضحاياها؛ ما جعل كثيرًا من الدول تتخذ إجراءات عديدة حاسمة لوقف هذا الهدر في الموارد البشرية والاقتصادية، وأصبح البحث عن آلية لمواجهة هذه المشكلة ومعرفة أسبابها من الواجبات الحتميةThe problem of traffic accidents is one of the most important causes that exhaust human and financial resources in Egypt. It is a burden on the Egyptian state because of the big number of deaths and injuries (nearly 5,000 killed and more than 22,000 injured every year). Moreover, the problem of traffic accidents causes a loss of 2% of the total national income, according to statistics prepared by the Egyptian Association for Traffic Accidents Protection. Traffic accidents are the second most common cause of death in Egypt, and people aged 15 to 45 years constitute 80% of victims. Therefore, many countries take numerous and decisive procedures to stop such human and economic losses and search for a mechanism to face the problem of traffic accidents.
Identifying their causes has become an urgent requirement
Espionage in the Light of Provisions of Public International Law
No full textناولت هذه الدراسة أحكام التجسس باعتباره يثير الكثير من التساؤلات حول مدى مشروعيته؛ وذلك لتجريمه في القوانين الوطنية، وهو ما يجعله في المنطقة الرمادية، وقد زاد التطور التكنولوجي من تعقيد عملية التجسس عندما يكون باستخدام الأقمار الاصطناعية، بالإضافة إلى حاجة المنظمات الدولية إليه في إطار عمليات حفظ السلام، كما أن القبض على الجاسوس يرتب آثارًا قانونية متباينة، ففي زمن الحرب يتعرض للمحاكمة في حين أن تجسس المبعوث الدبلوماسي يؤدي إلى طرده أو خفض العلاقات الدبلوماسية أو قطعها.
وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى عدد من النتائج منها: عدم وجود صك دولي إلى اليوم يجرم التجسس، كما لا يمكن تبنيه على المدى البعيد. وجود إجماع فقهي حول عدم تكييف التجسس واعتباره كحد أدنى عملًا غير ودي.
وخلصت إلى عدد من التوصيات منها: لابد من الفصل بطريقة حاسمة بين أشكال التجسس بتكييفها وإخراجها من المنطقة الرماديةThe study deals with the legal provisions related to espionage. There are many questions on the legality of espionage, because it is incriminated by national laws. Accordingly, espionage lies in a grey area.
Technological advancement increases the complication of espionage processes when they are conducted through satellites. In addition, international organizations need espionage in order to perform peace-keeping processes. However, arresting a spy creates differential legal impacts. During wartime, the spy is tried, while the espionage of a diplomatic agent leads to expulsion or decreasing/breaking-off diplomatic relations.
The study presents some findings such as the following: There is currently no international instrument incriminating espionage. Moreover, it is not possible to make a long-term adoption for such an instrument. There is a juristic consensus indicating that espionage is not characterized. It is considered only an unfriendly act.
The study offers some recommendations which include the following: There must be a decisive separation between espionage forms. This separation can be made by characterization of espionage forms, in order to take it out of the grey area
Differences in Personality Traits between Juvenile Delinquents and Nondelinquent Juveniles according to Cattell’s 16-Factor Model of Normal Personality Structure
No full textتهدف الدراسة الحالية إلى معرفة الفروق في سمات الشخصية بين الأحداث الجانحين وغير الجانحين باستخدام اختبار العوامل الستة عشر للشخصية.
ولتحقيق هذا الهدف قامت الباحثة بتطبيق اختبار كاتل للعوامل الستة عشر للشخصية على عينة من الأحداث الجانحين والجانحات بدار تربية وتأهيل الأحداث ومركز الإصلاح والتأهيل للفتيات في عمان، بعينة بلغ عددها (40) جانحًا وجانحة مقسمة بالتساوي بينهما، وعينة من غير الجانحين تم اختيارها من طلبة مدارس عمان في المرحلة الثانوية، بلغ عددها (60) طالبًا وطالبة.
وخلصت الدراسة إلى وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين الذكور الجانحين وغير الجانحين في عاملين من عوامل الشخصية، هما (الدفء، والتوتر)، الدفء لصالح الجانحين والتوتر لصالح الأسوياء، وهذا يعني أن الجانحين أكثر دفئًا من الأسوياء في حين أن الأسوياء أكثر توترًا من الجانحينThe study seeks to define personality differences between juvenile delinquents and nondelinquent juveniles according to Cattell’s 16-factor model of normal personality structure.
For achieving the study objective, the researcher applies this model on a sample including 40 male and female juvenile delinquents equally divided between the Education and Rehabilitation House for Juveniles and the Center for the Reform and Rehabilitation of Girls in Amman. The study also randomly selects a sample of 60 nondelinquent juveniles including male and female students from secondary schools in Amman.
The study indicates differences with a statistical significance between delinquent male juveniles and nondelinquent male juveniles. These differences target two personality traits: warmth and tension. Warmth is in favor of delinquent juveniles, while tension is in favor of nondelinquent juveniles. That means delinquent juveniles have more warmth than nondelinquent juveniles, while nondelinquent juveniles have more tension tha
The Role of Student Activities in Promoting Intellectual Security for University Female Students: An Applied Study to Female Students of Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University
No full textتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحديد دور الأنشطة الطلابية (الثقافية، والدينية، والاجتماعية، والرياضية) في تدعيم الأمن الفكري للطالبة الجامعية، وتحديد المعوقات التي تحد من فاعلية تلك الأنشطة، للوصول إلى مؤشرات تخطيطية تسهم في تفعيل تلك الأنشطة، وتعد هذه الدراسة من الدراسات الوصفية التي تعتمد على منهج المسح الاجتماعي بأسلوب العينة. وقد استخدمت الدراسة استبانة موجهة إلى عينة من طالبات جامعة الأميرة نورة، واستبانة موجهة إلى بعض المشرفات على الأنشطة الطلابية. وقد توصلت إلى وجود معوقات تحد من فاعلية الأنشطة منها: تعارض الأنشطة مع أوقات المحاضرات، افتقار الأنشطة إلى الأساليب الإبداعية، كما توصلت إلى مؤشرات تخطيطية لتفعيل دور الأنشطة الطلابية في تدعيم الأمن الفكري للطالبة؛ لإحداث نقلة في نوعية الأنشطة وما تتضمنه من أهداف تنموية لشخصية الطالبة والجامعة في الوقت نفسه، وإشراك عضوات هيئة التدريس من المتخصصات في تصميم أنشطة تتوافق واحتياجات الطالبات وقضايا المجتمع. كما خرجت الدراسة بمجموعة من التوصيات التي تسهم في تفعيل دور الأنشطة الطلابية في تدعيم الأمن الفكري للطالبةThe study seeks to identify the role of student activities (cultural, religious, social, sports) in promoting intellectual security for university female students. The obstacles impeding such activities are highlighted in order to prepare planning indicators contributing to the effectiveness of student activities. The study is a descriptive one that is based on a social survey approach through sampling. It uses two questionnaires: one is directed at a sample of female students of Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University and the other targets some supervisors of student activities. The study findings demonstrate that there are obstacles impeding effectiveness of student activities: times of activities are in conflict with lecture times, and activities have no creative approaches. The study offers planning indicators for activating the role of student activities in promoting intellectual security for female students. Accordingly, a paradigm shift can be made for activities and their objectives, and development of both the female student’s personality and the university can be actualized at the same time. These indicators also try to involve specialized female faculty members in designing activities that can satisfy female students’ needs and may be suited to social issues. Lastly, the study offers some recommendations that can contribute to the effectiveness of the role of student activities in promoting intellectual security for female students
Trialing a Smart Face-recognition Computer System to Recognize Lost People Visiting the Two Holy Mosques
No full textThis paper describes an integrated recognition system for identifying faces of the people. The work is intended to help recognizing lost, missing, dead, and found unknown people visiting the Grand Mosques during Hajj and Umrah seasons in the two Holy cities of Makkah and Medina in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The importance of this work is assumed increasing as the number of visitors will increase aiming to reach the total estimated number of pilgrims around 30 million as planned by the Saudi government in year 2030. The proposed technique is tested by studying faces of 100 Hajj visiting people taken randomly from 25 countries where every person is pictured from different angles and in different situations and behaviors. The different pictures built a new testing database specialized for the changes expected on faces due to Hajj & Umrah situations, which was named HUFRD (Hajj & Umrah Face Recognition Database). The study gave interesting results. It is just in its beginning phase where more accuracy as well as sophisticated image processing techniques would be involved for the promising future
Supportive Measures in the Treatment of Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning as a Trial to Reduce Mortality at Assiut University Hospital, Egypt
No full textAluminum phosphide (AlP) poisoning is a major problem, accountingfor many Emergency Unit visits and hospitalization withincreasing incidence of AlP toxicity in the last few years. In spiteof the progress achieved in the field of toxicology and associatedtherapies, AlP is still responsible for a high rate of mortality due tothe rapid onset of life-threatening symptoms, ineffective treatmentand inadequate data on the efficacy of therapeutic interventions.AlP poisoning is a serious medical emergency demanding early andadequate management.In this prospective study of AlP toxicity, 44 patients admitted toemergency unit of Assiut university hospital in the period from 1stJanuary to 30th June 2016 were included.There were 28 males (68.2%) and 16 females (31.8%). The majorityof the cases were in the age group from 21 to 30 years (n=28,54.6%). Thirty-six (81.8%) of admitted patients were from ruralareas. Suicidal intake was the main mode of toxicity in 81.8% ofcases. About 41% of the cases were shocked at their presentationand had metabolic acidosis. The mortality rate was 45.5%. The incidenceof death in patients treated with N-acetyl cysteine to theincidence of death in non-treated patients was 1:12.AlP poisoning needs more attention due to associated fatality,the absence of an antidote, and a high number of youth victims.Supportive measures are vital in these patients. N-acetyl cysteinehas a protective effect