Journals Portal Naif Arab University for Security Sciences
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Systemizing the Use of Lie Detectors in Belgian Law
No full textشهد قانون تحقيق الجنايات البلجيكي تطورًا مهمًّا، أجاز من خلاله استخدام جهاز كشف الكذب في مرحلة الاستدلال، كأسلوب خاص في سماع أقوال المشتبه به. وأناط هذه المهمة برجال الشرطة القضائية الاتحادية. ويُعمل بهذا الأسلوب في الجرائم الخطيرة أو الغامضة، وفي الحالات التي تكون فيها الأساليب التقليدية غير مجدية في كشف الحقيقة. والغرض من هذه التقنية يتمثل في توجيه أعمال التحقيق الوجهة الصحيحة، فهو بهذا الاعتبار وسيلة إضافية من وسائل التحقيق. أما النتائج المتحصلة منه، وأيًّا كانت دقتها، فليس لها حجية في إدانة المتهم، وإن جاز للمحكمة أن تستأنس بها.
ونظرًا لما قد يمثله هذا الأسلوب من انتهاك لحقوق المشتبه به، كحقه في الصمت وحقه في عدم إكراهه على إدانة نفسه؛ فقد حرص القانون على وضع ضوابط وشروط خاصة لصحة مباشرة هذه الوسيلة.Belgian criminal investigation law has witnessed an important development by approving the use of lie detectors during the period when criminal evidence is gathered. It is considered a special way to interview suspects, and it is assigned to officers of federal judicial police. The lie detector is used for investigating dangerous or ambiguous crimes. It substitutes the traditional methods that may not be of any benefit. This technique guides the investigation activities to the right direction. Therefore, it becomes an additional tool for investigation. However, any conclusion presented by such a technique cannot be categorized as an evidence for condemning the accused, although it may be relied upon by the competent court.
Conversely, using a lie detector my violate the rights of the accused, the right to remain silent and not to be forced to condemn himself. Therefore, the law sets specific controls and conditions for appropriately employing lie detector technology
Human Rights Education for University Female Students in Light of General Practice in Social Service: A Descriptive Study Applied to a Sample of University Female Students in Riyadh
No full textتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى: تحديد جوانب معرفة الطالبات الجامعيات بحقوق الإنسان، التعرف على دور البيئة المحلية في تعريف الطالبات بحقوق الإنسان، التعرف على مناسبة بيئة الجامعات لتعليم حقوق الإنسان، تحديد اتجاهات الطالبات نحو حقوق الإنسان، وتعد من الدراسات الوصفية التحليلية القائمة على جمع البيانات الميدانية وتحليلها، وطبقت أداة الدراسة (الاستبانة) على عينة عشوائية من طالبات كلية الخدمة الاجتماعية بجامعة الأميرة نورة بنت عبد الرحمن، وعينة من طالبات قسم الخدمة الاجتماعية وعلم الاجتماع اللاتي يدرسن بكل من جامعة الإمام محمد بن سعود الإسلامية، وجامعة الملك سعود من جميع المستويات الدراسية، ويبلغ عددهن (600) طالبة، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج أهمها: هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0.01) فأقل بين مفردات عينة الدراسة بجامعة الإمام محمد بن سعود، وبين مفردات عينة الدراسة بجامعة الأميرة نورة بنت عبد الرحمن حول (مناسبة بيئة الجامعة لحقوق الإنسان) لصالح عينة الدراسة بجامعة الأميرة نورة بنت عبد الرحمن، هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0.01) بين مفردات عينة الدراسة بجامعة الملك سعود ومفردات عينة الدراسة بجامعة الإمام محمد بن سعود حول (اتجاهات الطالبات نحو حقوق الإنسان) لصالح عينة الدراسة بجامعة الإمام محمد بن سعود، وخلصت إلى عدد من التوصيات منها: العمل على جعل بيئة الجامعات مجالًا لتنمية حقوق الإنسان.The study seeks to define how aware female university students are of human rights. It sheds light on the role of the local environment in human rights education for university female students. It looks at how suitable the environment in universities is for human rights education. Moreover, the tendencies of university female students towards human rights are highlighted.The study is a descriptive analytical one that is based on field data collection and analysis. The study tool is a questionnaire applied to a random sample including (600) female students of the College of Social Services at Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University and the Social Service and Sociology Department at both Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University and King Saud University representing all educational levels. The study offers some findings as follows: There are differences with a statistical significance at (0.01) and less between the sample individuals at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University and the sample individuals at Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University on (suitability of university environment to human rights) in favor of the study sample at Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University. There are differences with a statistical significance at (0.01) between the sample individuals at King Saud University and sample individuals at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University on (tendencies of female students towards human rights) in favor of the sample individuals at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University. 
Forensic Examination of Class Characteristics in English Handwriting of the Three States: Andhra Pradesh, Punjab and Kashmir in India
No full textThe present study analyzed the English handwriting of subjectsfrom Andhra Pradesh, Punjab and Jammu and Kashmir to investigatewhether the examination of style characteristics helps determinethe nationality/ethnicity of the writer or the place where thewriter learned writing.The subjects had completed secondary education in their respectiveregional languages along with English as a second language.Characteristic features such as letter formations, punctuationmarks, spacing between letters, and margins were observed.The data were analysed using the chi- square test to determine significantclass characteristics in the English handwritings.Significant class characteristics were identified; these occurrenceswere attributable to the influence of habitually writing intheir native language, because the impact of regional language onthe subjects’ English handwriting was observed in a few samples.Forensic document examiners will be able to determine classcharacteristic in the English handwritings of people from differentstates using the established procedure and possibly also determinethe nationality or ethnic origin of writers
Identification of a Severely Decomposed Body by Dental DNA STR Analysis: A Case Report
No full textOf all human DNA sources, teeth are extremely resistant to environmental factors like cremation, drenching, trauma, mutilation and deterioration. Therefore, they constitute an astonishing sourceof DNA material. The present case study highlights the great effectiveness of dental DNA in identifying a highly decomposed and extremely fragile skeletonized drowned body with severe craniofacial fractures. Identification was achieved by paternity testing and positively establishing the car used in the crime as the murder vehicle by isolating DNA from the bloodstains present in the car.This study also emphasized the dire need to create a DNA database for Indian populations for conclusion of quick results
Post-Mortem Analysis of Diazinon and its major Metabolite, 2-isopropyl-4- methyl-6-hydroxypyrimidine, in a Case of Fatal Diazinon Ingestion
No full textThis case report describes a detection and quantitation methodfor diazinon and its major metabolite, 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-hydroxypyrimidine(IMHP), in postmortem blood and tissue samplesfrom a fatal case of diazinon ingestion. Diazinon and IMHP wereextracted from postmortem samples with a liquid/liquid methodand analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS).By comparing to diazinon standard and matching the retentiontime, diazinon was detected in two visceral organs, the stomach(0.89 μg/g) and the small intestine (8.80 μg/g). The highest levelof diazinon was detected in the small intestine (8.80 μg/g), whereasthe highest amount of IMHP was noted in the kidney (0.84 Area %)and bladder (0.75 Area %).In conclusion, determination of IMHP in postmortem samplescould be used as an indicator for diazinon exposure, especially inthe case of delayed death; whereas, the small intestine could bethe best source of sample in diazinon assessment in cases of fataldiazinon ingestion
The Role of Voltammetric Methods in Determination of Metals in Alcoholic Beverages: A Critical Review
No full textSources of metals in alcoholic beverages can be classified intoprimary and secondary sources. High concentrations of metals maylead to potential toxicity in cases of overconsumption over a longperiod of time. Metal content in alcoholic beverages may be usedto ascertain their authenticity and geographic origin. Therefore, determinationof metals in alcoholic beverages becomes a matter ofutmost importance to forensic agencies.Many analytical techniques are available for qualitative andquantitative estimation of metals. Stripping methods can be used,and anodic stripping voltammetry proves to be a cheap, sensitive,reliable and less time-consuming method. With advancements inthe field of electrodes, the sensitivity of voltammetry has greatlyincreased, making it an ideal analytical technique for the analysisof metals in wines and other alcoholic beverages.In the present review, an attempt has been made to criticallyreview the various aspects of voltammetry with particular attentionto stripping methods along with their application in determinationof metal content in various alcoholic beverages
Digital Environment and the Provisions of Theft Under Islamic Law/البيئة الرّقميّة والسّرقة الحدّيّة
No full textThis paper deals with an important issue concerning the relationship between Islamic sharia rules in the field of combating theft, the scientific development in the field of computers and the internet, and their uses in the evolution of methods of committing digital theft crime.The paper is divided into four sections that look into the question of the applicability of the financial condition, the provision of taking money, the condition defining the security and protection of wealth, and the requirements of proving the crime of theft in Islamic Law.The researcher concluded the possibility of applying the Islamic rules related to theft crime to electronic money in theory, and the difficulty of that in practice or reality due to some problems related to the nature of electronic money in some cases (information or data and programs). Other problems are related to proving the crime.Therefore, the researcher recommends the necessity of legislative intervention to indicate the provisions applicable to this type of theft, and whether the rulings on this type of crime relate to the prescribed punishment for theft in Islamic Law or discretionary punishments
Secure Mobile Computing Authentication Utilizing Hash, Cryptography and Steganography Combination
No full textIn this paper, we propose a modification for security authentication systems in mobile devices. Our enhancement is designed to secure information transformation over the internet by combining hash, cryptography and steganography mechanisms. We used the combination for authentication, to secure mobile computing to transfer data in a trusted manner. The proposed work will use hash function to store the secret password to provide increased security. The hashed password is encrypted using AES encryption then hidden inside an image to be called back for authentication whenever needed. The security services provided by this combination mechanisms can assure authenticity, confidentiality, and integrity. Results and comparisons to different options of available mobile computing methods proved that our proposed technique is a promising research direction for real mobile security.In this paper, we propose a modification for security authentication systems in mobile devices. Our enhancement isdesigned to secure information transformation over the internet by combining hash, cryptography and steganographymechanisms. We used the combination for authentication, to secure mobile computing to transfer data in a trusted manner.The proposed work will use hash function to store the secret password to provide increased security. The hashed passwordis encrypted using AES encryption then hidden inside an image to be called back for authentication whenever needed.The security services provided by this combination mechanisms can assure authenticity, confidentiality, and integrity.Results and comparisons to different options of available mobile computing methods proved that our proposed techniqueis a promising research direction for real mobile security
Using Firearms for Shooting During Social Events and its Repercussions on Jordanian Society: A Field Study
No full textهدفت هذه الدّراسة إلى التّعرف على ظاهرة إطلاق الأعيرة النّاريّة في المناسبات الاجتماعية في المجتمع الأردني، وتحديد المناطق التي تنتشر فيها هذه الظاهرة، والدوافع الكامنة وراءها من وجهة نظر سوسيولوجية، وأنواع الأسلحة الأكثر استخدامًا وأكثر المناسبات شيوعًا لاستخدامها، إضافة إلى القوانين والتشريعات الناظمة لحمل الأسلحة النّاريّة والآثار السلبية لتلك الظاهرة على المجتمع. وتكوّن مجتمع الدّراسة من مجموع سكّان قضاء برما ـ محافظة جرش البالغ عددهم (11.000) نسمة لعام 2015م، حيث تم أخذ عينة عشوائية بلغ حجمها (220) مفردة، خضعت جميعها للتحليل الإحصائي، وتم استخدام الرزمة الإحصائية للدراسات الاجتماعية (SPSS) لإيجاد قيمة المتوسطات الحسابية والانحرافات المعيارية لإجراء التحليل الإحصائي، واستخدمت الدّراسة اختبار (Chi_SquareTest). وخلصت إلى أنّ إقليم الشمال الذي يقع فيه مجتمع الدّراسة احتلّ المرتبة الثانية في انتشار هذه الظاهرة بعد العاصمة عمان؛ حيث كانت فئة الشباب الأعلى في إطلاق الأعيرة النّاريّة، وكانت الأسباب الشخصية أهم الدوافع الكامنة وراء تلك الظاهرة وكان الرشّاش الأوتوماتيكي المتوسط السلاح الأكثر استخدامًا في المناسبات الاجتماعية وفي مقدمتها نتائج التوجيهي.The study sheds light on the phenomenon of using firearms for shooting during social events in Jordan. It identifies areas in which this phenomenon spreads. Moreover, it analyzes the causes of such a phenomenon according to a sociological viewpoint. The most commonly used firearms and the most common events during which these firearms are used are also described in this study. The study indicates the laws and legislations governing the bearing of firearms and demonstrates its negative consequences. The study community (11,000 individuals) targeted the total inhabitants of Burma constituency/Jerash Governorate in 2015. A random sample (220 individuals) of its inhabitants was collected. All individuals are examined by statistical analysis. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) is employed for finding the value of arithmetic means and standard deviations. The study employs the Chi_Square Test and finds that the northern territory, including the study community, is the area with the second highest prevalence of this phenomenon after the Jordanian capital, Amman. The youth category exhibits the highest use of firearms for shooting. Personal motivations are the most important factors for this phenomenon. Moreover, the medium-sized automatic machine gun is the most commonly used firearm during social events
Safe Cities: An Analytical Study for Indices Approved by World Classifications
No full textتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تسليط الضوء على أهم التصنيفات العالمية للأمن والسلامة في المدن ودراسة وتحليل المؤشرات التي تعتمد عليها، وكذا التعرف على موقع المدن العربية ضمن هذه التصنيفات، وقد تم التركيز على ثلاثة تصنيفات عالمية وهى: مؤشر المدن الآمنة لمجلة الإيكونومست، وتصنيف ميرسر للسلامة الشخصية، وتصنيف نومبيو حول الجريمة.
وقد أبرزت الدراسة أهمية التصنيفات العالمية للأمن والسلامة في المدن باعتبارها نافذة للاطلاع على التجارب العالمية الرائدة واستكشاف أفضل الممارسات المطبقة في مجال أمن المدن، ما يسمح ببلورة رؤية حديثة وشاملة للأمن والسلامة تركز على استيعاب التطورات الحاصلة في زمن العولمة، وتستجيب للأخطار والتهديدات المصاحبة لها. كما أظهرت الدراسة وجود تباين في مواقع المدن العربية في التصنيفات العالمية للأمن والسلامة؛ حيث احتلت المدن الخليجية مراكز متقدمة ضمن قوائم المدن الأكثر أمانًا في العالم، في حين تذيلت باقي المدن العربية قوائم هذه التصنيفات.The study seeks to highlight the most important world classifications for security and safety inside cities. It examines and analyzes the indices that constitute the basis for these classifications. Moreover, it identifies the rank of Arab cities according to such world classifications. The study focuses on three world classifications as follows: The index of safe cities approved by The Economist newspaper. Mercer’s index for personal safety. Numbeo’s index for crime.
The study shows how world classifications are important for security and safety inside cities. These classifications shed light on pioneering world experiments for exploring the best practices applied to improve security inside cities. Accordingly, a modern comprehensive vision for security and safety can be actualized. This vision may include advancements that have resulted from globalization and that respond to current dangers and threats. The study shows that Arab cities occupy different ranks according the world classifications of security and safety. The Gulf cities occupy high ranks and are among the most secure cities in the world. Conversely, the remaining Arab cities come at the end of these classification lists