Journals Portal Naif Arab University for Security Sciences
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The Uses of Light in Criminal Investigation
No full textRapid and perfect finding of trace evidences at the crimescene is of utmost importance in criminal investigation.Many of body fluids are florescent in their nature and can bediscovered using light with different wave lengths suitablefor each type of fluid which will reflect light to disclose itslocation. The intensity of light and degree of visibility of thefluid stain depend on different factors such as the type of thefluid and the nature of the surface on which it has deposited
Anticoagulant Rodenticides Poisonings in Humans and Animals – Short Review
No full textAbstractAnticoagulant rodenticides (AR) are among the most commonlyused rodent control pesticides. The current second-generationrodenticides in worldwide use are referred to as superwarfarins.These substances have relatively low toxicity to humans but significanttoxicity to animals, including pets.AR work at the level of hepatocytes by blocking the synthesisof plasma coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X as well as proteinsC, S, and Z, resulting in severe coagulation disorders predominantin the clinical picture.Deaths associated with AR poisoning are the result of haemorrhagesinto the gastrointestinal tract, peritoneal cavity, or intracranialcavities.Medico-legal diagnosis of AR poisonings is based on the clinicalpicture, autopsy, and histopathological and toxicological examinations
Pattern of Fatal Injuries due to Road Traffic Accidents in Khartoum, Sudan: A Retrospective Study
No full textThis retrospective study was carried out to find out the pattern of fatal injuries due to RTAs as well as the sociodemographic profile of the victims. This helps in reconstruction of RTAs and suggestion of steps for prevention.All the victims of road traffic accidents subjected to medico-legal autopsy at the mortuary of Bashayir teaching hospital in Khartoum, Sudan during the three month period from 1st January 2017 to the 31st of March 2017 were includedin the study. Out of 256 autopsies conducted during the study period, deaths due to RTA were 109 (42.6%). Males died due to RTA more than females with a ratio of 2:1. The highest number of deaths was 36 (33%), recorded in the age group 20-29 years, and the lowest number was 6 (5.5%) in the age group 60 years and above. From the majority of RTA victims, 50 (45.9%) died due to head injury followed by 29 who died from multiple injuries/fractures 29 (26.6%). Hemorrhagic shock was the cause of death in 22 (20.2%) cases. Septicemia and complications were the cause in 5 (4.6%) and 2 (1.8%) cases, respectively. Spinal injuries took the life of one victim (0.9%).This study shows that there was a high percentage of RTA deaths among males of a young age. Abrasions werethe most common type of external injuries. The skull was the most common bone to be fractured in the accidents. Andhead injury was the most common cause of death
Forensic Examination of Counterfeit Indian Currency based on Unique Obscure High Security Features in New Indian High Denomination Currency Note
No full textRampant cases related to circulation of fake currency notes have been reported worldwide. With the introduction of new banknotes (announced after demonetization) having advanced and exclusive security features, it is the need of the hour, especially for a forensic Scientists, to have an idea about these new features and the various methods to examine these features. Results presented in this paper are based on examination and comparison of original and suspected fake 2000 rupee Indian currency banknote utilizing physical examination methods and techniques such as physical, microscopic, digital image processing, etc. During the examination of original 2000 rupee banknote, it was found that some security features of this banknote are unique & exclusive and could not be forged by counterfeiters. Counterfeitercould only imitate most of the visual features of banknotes but some specific security features like OVI print, UV-fluorescent print, micro letters, etc. which are placed on all over the substrate of original banknote, could not be mimicked. However, imitation of the visual features, can at times deceives the public in general. The present case study presents a methodology which will be very useful and informative in assisting the forensic community in examination of fake currency banknotes and for future studies
A Study for Determination of Sex by Multidetector Computed Tomography of Sternum using Discriminant Function and Logistic Regression
No full textPost-mortem investigations of skeletal remains as well as radiographs from living individuals provide useful information for the discrimination of sex. Our study aimed to find out a mathematical model to differentiate gender based on greater degree of accuracy than the anthropological measures taken from the sternum obtained from cadaver dissection.The study was performed on 108 adults who were brought for examination of chest due to various medical reasons. Their age ranged between 18 and 80 years.The cases were selected randomly after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sternal measurements were taken by studying CT (Computed Tomography) scans.Of these cases, 73 were males and 35 were females. The discriminant function equation (Df) = 0.071 Manubrial Length+0.075 Manubrio-Sternal Length +0.036 Width at S1 +0.037 Width at S3 -11.367 (Constant). Overall 80.6% of the sample was correctly classified into their group. This study revealed that measurements from CT scan of sternumcan be used to differentiate between sex of individuals which adds to a great advantage in forensic anthropology
The Repercussions of Illegal Employment of Foreign Workers on National Security
No full textتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة أهم المشكلات وأبعاد الصحة النفسية لدى طالبات جامعة أم القرى بمكة المكرمة، وترتيب كل منهما، والعلاقة بينهما. وفي ضوء طبيعة الدراسة وأهدافها التي تسعى إلى تحقيقها، وفي ضوء الفرضيات التي تحاول الدراسة اختبارها، تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي الارتباطي؛ ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة استخدمت الباحثة مقياس قائمة مشكلات الشباب الذي أعده عمر (1983م)، ومقياس الصحة النفسية لكلٍ من مرسي، وعبد السلام (1984م) وقد طبق على عينة الدراسة المكونة من100 طالبة،تم اختيارهن بطريقة عشوائية.
وقد توصلت نتائج الدراسة إلى ما يأتي: جاءت في المرتبة الأولى مشكلات المجال التربوي، وفي المرتبة الثانية مشكلات المجال المهني، ثم يليها المشكلات الشخصية، واحتلت مشكلات المجال الاجتماعي المرتبة الأخيرة، كما احتل بعد القيم والمبادئ والأهداف أعلى نسبة؛ يليه بعد العلاقات الشخصية؛ وبالنسبة للعلاقة بين المشكلات وأبعاد الصحة النفسية لدى طالبات جامعة أم القرى المترددات على مركز الإرشاد الطلابي في مختلف التخصصات (العلمية والأدبية) فقد تبين أنه لا توجد علاقة ارتباطية بين هذين الجانبين.This study seeks to identify the most important problems and mental health aspects pertaining to female students of Umm Al-Qura University in Mecca. It shows the grade of each problem and its aspect, and highlights the relationship between them. According to the nature of the study, its desired objectives, and assumptions which the study tries to test, the study employs the descriptive correlative approach. The researcher uses the standard of youth problems list prepared by (Omar, 1983) and the mental health standard by (Morsi & Abdulsalam, 1984). The study sample includes 100 female students who were randomly selected.
The study presents some findings. It lists the grade of problems facing the female student into four categories as follows: Educational problems, Vocational problems, Personal problems, Social problems
Regarding mental health aspects, the study categorizes the findings as follows: Values, principles, and objectives, Personal relationships.
The study indicates that there is no correlative relationship between the abovementioned problems and mental health aspects related to Umm Al-Qura University’s female students visiting its Student Guidance Center (scientific an
Identifying the Social Insurance Needs of Poor Families: Case Study on Social Insurance offices in Riyadh: A Research Supported by the Research Center of the College of Social Work – Deanship of Scien
No full textتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحديد احتياجات الأسر الفقيرة (الاقتصادية والاجتماعية) المستفيدة من خدمات الضمان الاجتماعي في مدينة الرياض والوصول إلى مقترحات لإشباع تلك الاحتياجات، وهي دراسة وصفية استخدمت منهج المسح الاجتماعي الشامل للمسؤولين في وكالة الضمان الاجتماعي والأخصائيين والأخصائيات، وعينة عشوائية من الأسر المستفيدة من خدمات الضمان الاجتماعي، وتوصلت إلى عدة نتائج من أهمها: أن أهم الأساليب المتبعة لدراسة الاحتياجات هي المقابلات والزيارات وإجراء الدراسات، أهم الاحتياجات الاقتصادية للأسر الفقيرة هي الحصول على الإعانات المادية وتوفير المواد الغذائية وتسديد فواتير الخدمات وتوفير فرص العمل، أما الاحتياجات الاجتماعية فتركزت في توفير الاحتياجات المدرسية والخدمات الصحية، وكانت أهم المقترحات لإشباع تلك الاحتياجات هي: تفعيل مشروعات الأسر المنتجة، فتح مراكز التدريب للشباب والفتيات، نشر الوعي الصحي، فتح فصول محو الأمية).The study seeks to identify the economic and social needs of poor families benefitting from social insurance services in Riyadh. It tries to present suggestions for satisfying such needs. The study applies a descriptive approach and a comprehensive social survey on the officials and male and female specialists working at the social insurance agency. A random sample of families benefiting from social insurance services is also included in the study.
The study presents some findings. The most important ones are as follows: The most important methods for examining the needs are interviews, visits, and studies. The most necessary economic needs of poor families are to obtain subsidies and foodstuffs, pay service invoices, and get jobs. The social needs include school needs and health services.
The study offers some important recommendations for satisfying such needs. They are mentioned below: The Productive Families projects should be activated. Training centers should be opened for male and female youth. Health awareness should be disseminated. Classrooms for eradication of illiteracy should be established
The Intellectual and Political Dangers of Social Media Tabuk University Students
No full textتهـدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على الأخطار الفكرية السياسية لوسائل التواصل الاجتماعي على طلاب جامعة تبوك، ولتحقيق هذا الهدف استخدم الباحثان المنهج الوصفي المقارن، كما تم استخدام مقياس للكشف عن الأخطار الفكرية السياسية، وحصل على معدلات عالية في قياس صدق الاتساق الداخلي بارتباط فقرات المقياس، والأبعاد والدرجة الكلية، كما بلغ معدل الثبات ألفا كرونباخ للأخطار الفكرية السياسية (0.846)، وطبق على عينة عشوائية طبقية من طلاب جامعة تبوك بلغت (1674) طالبًا وطالبة (الذكور970، والإناث704)، بكلية التربية والآداب(934)، وبكلية العلوم (740) وقد غطت ثلاثة مستويات دراسية (تحضيري، وبكالوريوس، ودبلوم وماجستير) وتناولت كثيرًا من المتغيرات المتعلقة بالطلاب (التحصيل الأكاديمي، والحالة الاجتماعية والاقتصادية، والحالة الأسرية، والهدف في الحياة)، وتناولت متغيرات متعلقة بوسائل التواصل الاجتماعي (وسيلة التواصل المستخدمة، ومكان الاستخدام، وطريقة التفاعل، وسبب الاستخدام، ومجموعة المشاركة)، وبعد معالجة البيانات إحصائيًّا، تم التوصل للنتائج التالية: إدراك طلاب وطالبات جامعة تبوك للأخطار الفكرية السياسية بدرجة متوسطة، توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في نسبة إدراك الأخطار الفكرية السياسية ومتغير (المستوى الدراسي، والوضع الاقتصادي، والحالة الأسرية، والهدف في الحياة)، توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في إدراك الأخطار الفكرية السياسية ومتغير (وسيلة التواصل المستخدمة، ومكان الاستخدام، وطريقة التفاعل، وسبب الاستخدام، ومجموعة المشاركة)، كما طرحت الدراسة عددًا من التوصيات.The study seeks to define the intellectual and political dangers resulting from social media that may affect University of Tabuk students. The researchers employ the comparative descriptive approach and use a standard to detect the intellectual political dangers. This standard has achieved a high level in measuring the validity of internal consistency with the standard grades, dimensions, and total score. The reliability of Cronbach’s alpha for intellectual and political dangers “0.846” is applied to a stratified random sample of University of Tabuk students (1674; 970 males and 704 females). The sample is divided between the College of Education and Arts (934) and the College of Sciences (740). The study covers three educational levels (preparatory, bachelor, and diploma & master), and deals with many variables related to students (academic attainment, social and economic status, family status, and life goal). The variables related to social media (used social media, place of usage, way of interaction, reason of usage, and sharing group) are also described in the study
Thermogravimetric Analysis of Rubber for Forensic Purposes: A Case Report
No full textThe main objective of this study was to determine the inorganicelemental components and thermal behavior of rubber samplescollected from crime scenes and to compare them with a controlsample.Thermal decomposition study revealed that decompositiontemperature of rubber samples by TGA collected from crime sceneexhibit 1 and 2 were consistent with decomposition temperature ofcontrol rubber sample exhibit 3.The DSC analysis showed that the decomposition temperatureof the rubber samples exhibits 1 and 2 were 378.3 and 377.1 0C,respectively, consistent with that of the control sample exhibit 3(378.8 0C). The micro-XRF analysis showed that elemental compositionof rubber samples exhibits 1 and exhibit 2 matched with thatof control sample exhibit 3.Thermal analysis was shown to be an important tool forcharacterizing the thermal behavior of rubber samples. Rubbersamples collected from the scene of the crime with therubber sample from the suspect’s vehicle can prove veryvaluable objective evidence
The Transfer of Jurisdiction in Terrorist Crimes and its Effects on the Rules of Criminal Justice
No full textThe transfer of jurisdiction in terrorist crimes is one of the most important procedural mechanisms adopted by the judicial and security cooperation agreements within the framework of the GCC and the Arab League of States. It is characterized by a functional role that seeks to enforce justice even if the offender is outside the jurisdiction of the judicial state. This law of agreement has attempted to activate this role with a view to expanding the scope of regional protection against the threat of terrorist crime and overcoming the difficulties of multiple jurisdictions among states. It seeks to achieve this through an integrated legal system in accordance with mechanisms that enable the state that waives its jurisdiction and the state that is requested to preside over a case to establish criminal justice rules