Seminars in Medical Writing and Education
Not a member yet
520 research outputs found
Sort by
Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Mammography and Alternative Screening Methods in Breast Cancer Programs
Get PDFBreast cancer is still one of the main reasons women get sick and die, which has brought a lot of attention to screening programs that try to find the disease early and increase survival rates. For a long time, mammography has been the usual way to check for breast cancer. However, it has some problems, like giving fake positives and negatives and not working as well in women with thick breast tissue. These problems have led to the search for other screening methods. This study looks at how well mammography and newer alternative screening methods find breast cancer. It looks at their pros and cons and how they might be able to improve current screening methods. Mammography is widely used, but it has been criticized for not being sensitive enough, especially in younger women and women with thicker breast tissue, where it may miss cancers or give false results that lead to tests that aren\u27t needed. Even with these problems, mammography has been shown to lower the death rate from breast cancer in older women through regular screening, and it is still the gold standard in many national breast cancer programs. New options like ultrasound, MRI, DBT, and CEM show promise in making sensitivity and precision better. Ultrasound, especially when used with mammograms, can help find breast cancer in women with thick breasts, but the accuracy depends on how skilled the expert is. MRI is better at finding breast cancer, especially in people who are at a high risk, but it is more expensive and doesn\u27t find as many cancers. This means that more false positives and needless treatments happen. Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) gives three-dimensional images, which compared to regular mammography increases the number of cancers found while decreasing the number of false positives and the need for follow-up images. Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM), which combines the benefits of mammography with contrast agents, may help doctors make more accurate diagnoses, especially for women whose breast tissue is thick
Professionalization strategy for pediatricians in comprehensive care for children and adolescents with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Get PDFIntroduction: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is considered one of the most demanding and serious health problems of the 21st century. With the aim of contributing to the improvement of professional performance in Pediatrics for the comprehensive care of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes, the professionalization strategy is designed. Methods: Research was carried out in the area of Medical Education in the municipality of Pinar del Río in the period from January 2023 to December 2024. Among the methods of the theoretical level, the following methods were used: historical-logical, analysis and synthesis, modelling and structural systemic, and as methods of the empirical level: documentary analysis, questionnaires and interviews. Descriptive statistical methods such as percentage analysis were used. Results: Using the different research methods, the main difficulties in the professional performance of pediatricians in terms of comprehensive care for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes were identified, based on which a professional improvement strategy was designed for pediatricians in comprehensive care for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes with different organizational forms of teaching such as course, workshops, conferences and seminars. The strategy was validated by specialists stating that they meet the objective of the evaluation. Conclusions: The strategy designed on the theoretical-practical aspects for the comprehensive care of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus will contribute to the professionalization of pediatric specialists and will result in their better professional performance in the field
Methodological concept analysis Role of Fear of Fattening, definition for use in research and clinical practice
Get PDFObesity will continue to be a public health problem at an international level, along with this condition there are phenomena such as the Role of Fear of Gaining Weight; however, there is no consensus on its definition. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the definition of the concept Role of Fear of Gaining Weight; as well as its attributes, which was methodologically executed under the knowledge of Walker and Avant. Based on the analysis, the concept was defined as a behavior of an individual involved in a situation or activity for the maintenance of optimal body weight that can be accompanied by the feeling of anxiety/terror of gaining weight as a risky emotional aspect with which one can start, maintain or continue with positive or negative behavioral modifications in the lifestyle such as practicing physical activity and carrying out a diet that is beneficial for health. It is concluded that the concept analyzed with its definition can potentially be used in nursing research and practice, its use will allow over time greater clarity, refinement in its defining content, greater applicability and usability
Domestic violence: how violence against women manifests itself in media discourse
Get PDFIntroduction: Domestic violence against women is a social problem related to male power and dominance, representing a violation of human rights and a serious public health problem. The media can both reinforce stereotypes and raise awareness of the issue. To identify domestic violence against women through discourse analysis. Methods: This study used an integrative review to investigate domestic violence against women in media discourses, with data from October 2024 from the VHL and CAPES databases. Full-length articles in Portuguese and English from the last 10 years were included. The research followed the stages of problem identification, literature selection and inclusion, guided by the PCC strategy and the PRISMA® Flowchart for analysis. Results: Violence against women is seen as the result of a machista construction that normalises control and aggression, sustained by discourses that reinforce stereotypes of female submission. Campaigns seek to recognise women as subjects of rights, but despite protective laws, social resistance continues to provoke high rates of violence against women. Conclusion: The media often naturalises domestic violence and blames the victims, reinforcing patriarchal structures and gender stereotypes. To combat this reality, it is necessary to value female protagonism, avoid blame and create safe spaces for women to share their experiences, promoting a fairer and more equal society
Education in Mexico and Argentina: Progress and Challenges in 2023
Get PDFDuring 2023, the educational system in Mexico continued with the transition to the New Mexican School, whose purpose was to improve teaching through innovative strategies and the use of technology. The Ministry of Public Education promoted the improvement of reading comprehension and the development of critical thinking in students, in order to strengthen their academic performance. In this context, strategies such as the Basic System for Educational Improvement and the Minimum School Operation Standard were implemented.On the other hand, Argentina faced similar challenges in the educational field. Through the National Reading Plan and programs such as “Conectar Igualdad”, it sought to reduce the digital divide and improve students\u27 reading and scientific skills. In addition, the Argentine government promoted technical and professional education, with initiatives such as “Argentina Program 4.0” and dual education, which promoted training in digital skills and facilitated the labor market insertion of young people.In both Mexico and Argentina, education was consolidated as a key tool for social and economic development. The integration of technologies in learning, together with innovative pedagogical strategies, allowed progress to be made in educational equity and the formation of citizens prepared to face the challenges of the 21st century.
Tuskegee experiment, bioethical violation as present and future in the development of human society
Get PDFIntroduction. The Tuskegee Experiment was a clinical study between 1932 and 1972 in the American city of Tuskegee, by the United States Public Health Service. Objective. Describe the history of the Tuskegee experiment, as a violation of bioethics for the present and future in the development of human society. Material and method. A retrospective historical study was carried out where theoretical methods such as documentary and historical-logical analysis were used. Development. Six hundred African-American sharecroppers, mostly illiterate who did not give informed consent, were studied to observe the natural progression of untreated syphilis and whether it could lead to death. This generated controversy and led to changes in the legal protection of patients in clinical studies, leading to the establishment of the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects in Biomedical and Behavioral Research and the National Research Act. Conclusions. History has given us a painful lesson, but one that we cannot stop learning and the teaching that ethical sensitivity must be raised. Any scientific experiment, no matter how well technically designed, cannot forget the experimental subject, much less when it involves vulnerable populations
Leadership in education: impact on management and decision making. Part 1
Get PDFIntroduction: The research addressed leadership as a key element in the organization and management of human groups, from its origins in the philosophical thought of Confucius, Plato and Aristotle to its application in organizational and educational management. The evolution of the concept of leadership was highlighted, from its association with military strategy in ancient Greece to its current importance in decision-making and conflict resolution in academic institutions. Based on a review of previous studies, the analysis of leadership in education was proposed in order to establish a theoretical basis for developing more effective strategies. Development: The study included a background analysis that allowed understanding the evolution of leadership and its impact on different organizations. Research was reviewed, such as that of González (2007), which examined leadership in conflict management in basic schools, and that of Espinoza (2007), which proposed models of managerial leadership in university faculties. In addition, González (2008) analyzed transformational leadership in university teachers, while Montilla (2008) studied the predominant styles in companies. Studies such as De Abreu (2012), who evaluated influence tactics in the effectiveness of leadership in higher education, and Sanchez (2013), who identified autocratic leadership in religious institutions, were also considered. Conclusions: The research concluded that leadership in the educational setting directly influences institutional management and decision making. It was determined that transformational and participative leadership are effective strategies to improve academic management and foster a collaborative environment. Finally, it was recommended to continue with studies that analyze the relationship between leadership and institutional performance, with the objective of optimizing the administration of educational institutions and strengthening the training of leaders.
The Flipped Classroom as a Methodological Strategy in Training and Education for the Exercise of Optional Voting from the Citizenship Education Subject in High School Students in Ecuador
Get PDFThis article addresses the implementation of the Flipped Classroom as a methodological strategy for training and educating high school students in Ecuador on the exercise of optional voting, within the framework of the Citizenship Education subject. The problem lies in the lack of understanding and active participation of students in the electoral process, limiting their ability to exercise their voting rights in an informed manner. The main objective is to analyze the effectiveness of the Flipped Classroom in improving students\u27 understanding and motivation regarding optional voting. A quantitative methodology was used, with surveys administered to students before and after the implementation of this strategy. The results show an increase in motivation, understanding of the electoral process, and awareness of the importance of optional voting. Additionally, students reported higher levels of active participation and critical reflection on their role as voters. It is concluded that the Flipped Classroom can be an effective tool for teaching citizenship and electoral participation, promoting more autonomous, meaningful, and practice-oriented learning
Feedback strategies to strengthen autonomy in student learning
Get PDFSecondary education has faced difficulties in the development of self-regulation and autonomous learning in students. At the Camilo Ponce Enríquez Public School, located in Quito, this problem has been identified in first-year baccalaureate students, who depend excessively on teacher guidance. Feedback has been proposed as a key strategy to strengthen these skills, allowing students to understand their learning process and take a more active role.This research analyzed the relationship between feedback and self-regulation of learning, considering different pedagogical strategies employed by teachers. It was evident that efficient feedback is a participatory process that encourages reflection and monitoring of one\u27s own performance. However, many teachers perceive feedback as a simple correction of errors, without encouraging the autonomous development of the student. Previous studies have shown that adequate feedback not only improves academic performance, but also motivates students to develop strategies to self-regulate their learning. In Ecuador, the lack of knowledge about feedback techniques limits its effective application in the classroom. The present research highlights the need to modify teaching practices, promoting spaces for dialogue and reflection to achieve meaningful and autonomous learning
Risk factors in depression in oncology patients. Dr. Julio Villacreses Colmont Hospital
Get PDFThe general objective of this study was to analyze the risk factors for depression in patients with an oncological diagnosis treated at the Dr. Julio Villacreses Colmont Hospital in Portoviejo. A descriptive and cross-sectional design was used, applying a sociodemographic file and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) to a sample of 242 patients. The results revealed that 33% of the patients had severe depression, while 42% showed moderate depression. In terms of anxiety levels, 30% of participants experienced severe anxiety and 41% moderate anxiety. The most prevalent types of cancer were prostate and lung, with most diagnoses in advanced stages (III and IV). A high rate of comorbidities was identified, present in 52% of patients, which complicated treatment and affected prognosis. In conclusion, the high levels of anxiety and depression in cancer patients highlight the importance of integrating psychological support into their care, promoting a comprehensive approach that improves both quality of life and clinical outcomes.