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Developing a system for assessing the activities of public administration bodies in public relations
Get PDFThe article is devoted to the current problem of developing a high-quality, universal and effective system for assessing the activities of public administration bodies in public relations, taking into account the specific internal and external conditions of the existence of territorial entities of Ukraine. It is found out that the mission of the institute of public relations is the direct realization of the principles of democratic management in activity of public authority in the conditions of publicity, transparency, openness. It has been proved at the methodological level that relying on a high-quality public relations system, public authorities can make better use of communication and information opportunities to generate the necessary and/or acceptable public opinion on their activities, and, if necessary, organize appropriate monitoring of public opinion to adjust activities to existing or potential thoughts, by making public feedback mandatory. As a result of the synthesis of scientific, methodological and practical studies, the own clarified definitions of the concepts of “public” and “public relations” were provided. The main directions of public relations in local self-government bodies were formed and analyzed. A universal and effective system for assessing the activities of public administration bodies in public relations has been established. The main elements of the system for assessing the activities of public administration bodies in public relations were analysed. Public participation in decision-making requires an effective system with full transparency, engaged local leadership, strong feedback mechanisms, and community involvement in projects affecting diverse social group
Assessment and comparison of defense sufficiency levels of some countries of the world
Get PDFThe article explores the evolving concept of security and defense, emphasizing recent EU initiatives that address a wide range of threats and aim to enhance national and European security through integrated and innovative approaches. The purpose of the study is to calculate and evaluate the defense capability levels of individual countries, explain them using the proposed approach, assess them within permissible limits, and compare various national economic sectors affecting the needs of the security and defense sector (SDS). The main research methods are empirical methods (analysis and synthesis), deduction, and graphic analysis. The article provides a schematic algorithm for assessing defense capability levels, introduces the use of a “need coefficient” for SDS calculations, and includes sector-specific data (using US indicators) on material and non-material values. It also suggests using an efficiency ratio to compare current and optimal defense capabilities. The level of defense capability of the countries was assessed according to the scales defined by the authors. Using a system of indicators, rather than a single complex indicator, provides a comprehensive view of defense sufficiency and allows for a detailed evaluation of its components. Thus, an approach is provided not only to determine the current and optimal levels of the country’s defense capability, but also to assess the nature of the influence of individual branches of the national economy on ensuring the defense and security needs of the state (by area
Analysis of the causes of Domestic Violence against men in Ecuador
Get PDFThe research aimed to analyze the causes of domestic violence against men in Ecuador, identifying aggressors\u27 behavioral patterns and the social context contributing to this phenomenon. A bibliographic review of articles in English and Spanish published between 2018 and 2023 was employed, using databases such as PUBMED and DIALNET. The final selection included 27 relevant studies, of which 17 were used for analysis. The methodology focused on using the Pareto chart, which allowed for identifying and prioritizing the main causes of violence. These factors were distributed in a bar chart, showing that a small number of causes are responsible for most of the effects. The results indicated that violence against men is an underestimated and underreported problem due to social stigmas and gender expectations. Additionally, a lack of specific public policies and legal resources for male victims of violence was observed, perpetuating their invisibility and lack of adequate support. Men who suffer violence can develop severe psychological disorders, including depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. It was concluded that this problem must be addressed comprehensively by implementing awareness campaigns, psychological and legal support, and promoting cultural changes to recognize violence against men as a public health issue. The creation of specific public policies and early intervention programs was also recommended to mitigate this phenomenon and provide adequate support to victims.Keywords: male abuse, violent acts, psychological harm, preventive action
Psychological novel in children’s literature
Get PDFIntroduction: psychological novels are numerous in Kosovo’s children’s literature, so their study is essential, given the circumstances of their creation and their impact on the formation of a new generation.
Objective: to investigate the development of such novels, considering the experiences and specificities of authors from Kosovo.
Methods: the study used a combination of methods, including sociological, formal, structural, synthesis and literary analysis.
Development: the origin of the authors of the texts for children was considered, which ultimately reflected not only their professional qualities but also their ones. Various historical circumstances, including the war in Kosovo in the 1990s, were interpreted in the course of the study, which ultimately contributed to a comprehensive analysis of the works. The nature of the relationship between different generations is studied in the example of a grandfather and grandson, which determined the importance of the process of communication between the older and younger generations. The concepts of “tragedy” and “pain” within the framework of psychological novels in children’s literature are considered, which in conclusion demonstrates the close interdependence of the complex historical and political situation in Kosovo and the cultural segment of the country.
Conclusions: this study provides valuable insights into how psychological themes in children’s novels from Kosovo impact readers, offering a nuanced understanding of their role in shaping young personalitie
Philosophical understanding of Russian-language poetry of Central Asia and the East
Get PDFIntroduction: the cultures of Central Asia have been intertwined with Russian culture for many centuries. Many Russian-speaking poets of this region have left a serious contribution to the development of several cultures at the same time.
Objectives: the aim of this study is to identify the main philosophical meanings and contexts that unite the creative heritage of Russian-speaking poets of Central Asia and the Far East.
Methods: to achieve this goal, the historical method, comparative method, and hermeneutic analysis are used. The authors of the article also refer to the concept of archetypes, introduced into literary studies from the psychoanalytical approach.
Results: in the course of the study, it is determined that many Russian-speaking poets of these regions adopted the Asian cultural code, in connection with which the themes of “the call of the Motherland”, “metaphysics of the Great Steppe”, “Eastern City”, nomadic way of life, as well as a special, close to Asian, perception of time and eternity appear in their texts. These archetypes were added to Russian culture mainly under the influence of Eastern trends and the activities of emigrant and bilingual poets.
Conclusions: the study contributes to the study of Russian-language poetry, as well as the poetic field of Central Asia and the Far East. It also touches upon the theme of the peculiarities of the formation of the writer’s identity in a bilingual environment and the theme of the dialogue of cultures, interethnic exchange of cultural cod
Case Study on the Advancements in Diagnosis and Treatment Technologies for Military Personnel with Complex Explosive Injuries
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A 51-year-old military personnel with severe limb injury from mortar shelling, admitted to Orthopedic Traumatology Department, Ternopil Regional Hospital, Ukraine.
Conclusions: explosive injuries typically arise from the detonation of devices such as landmines, improvised explosive devices, or grenades, causing harm through blast, fragmentation, and thermal effects. Despite a delayed presentation to medical care, the patient underwent multiple debridement procedures, including Vacuum-Assisted Closure therapy, and vascular reconstruction, leading to limb salvage. This case underscore needs for timely medical care, addressing risks of mine blasts and cold weather injuries through trainin
Conditions and barriers to entrepreneurship: a review of the microbusiness ecosystem in Monteria, Cordoba
Get PDFIntroduction: considering the problems of the entrepreneurial fabric of Monteria and the participation of microbusinesses in its economy, this research proposes to determine the main conditions and barriers of the entrepreneurial phenomenon in microbusinesses in the city.
Method: the approach is presented from a mixed approach that covers the characterization of Monterrey\u27s entrepreneurial ecosystem, the environmental factors that have a negative impact on it and strategies that provide answers to such conditions.
Results: under these guidelines it was found that informality, disarticulation with the vocations of the territory, lack of value addition, deficit in industrialization and little application of structural elements in business management are barriers and conditioning factors for Monterrey\u27s entrepreneurship under a micro-business approach.
Conclusions: informality, either due to lack of knowledge or complexity of procedures; disarticulation with the vocations of the territory; lack of development of added value; deficit in industrialization; in addition to the little application of structural elements in business management due to lack of knowledge, appear as barriers and conditioning factors for entrepreneurshi
Factors of interest of general practitioners in scientific research in first-level care centers in Bolivia
Get PDFIntroduction: publication, as part of scientific and academic communication, is a key element of the ethical and moral obligation of every researcher. Our study addresses the factors of interest that general practitioners have in scientific research in first-level public health care centers in the municipality of El Alto.
Objective: determine the factors of interest that general practitioners have in scientific research in first-level public health care centers in the municipality of El Alto, department of La Paz, Bolivia.
Methods: it is a qualitative, descriptive, analytical and cross-sectional study, under a non-experimental design. The universe consisted of 3,520 general practitioners in the department of La Paz, 103 general practitioners agreed to participate as a sample of the research, and who met inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results and discussion: 68 % of the doctors are between 31 and 40 years old. 46,6 % graduated from a university abroad, however it had no impact on the research process. 62,1 % of all doctors have an academic degree at the bachelor\u27s level. The majority of doctors after graduating do not continue with higher professional training studies. 80,6 % did not publish scientific articles. 41,7 % indicate that they do not carry out scientific research because there is no institutional support.
Conclusions: the majority of doctors who participated in our study are relatively young – adults. Regardless of the school they graduate from, it has no impact on the research processes. Their academic degree is a bachelor\u27s degree, followed by diplomas and none with a doctorate. After graduating, they do not continue with higher or postgraduate studies. The vast majority of doctors do not publish any research articles. Based on these results, it is necessary to implement strategies that encourage the development of research in general practitioners at the first level of car
Enhancing Deep Learning for Autism Spectrum Disorder Detection with Dual-Encoder GAN-based Augmentation of Electroencephalogram Data
Get PDFAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a general neurodevelopmental condition that requires early and accurate diagnosis. Electroencephalography (EEG) signals are reliable biomarkers for ASD detection and diagnosis. A recent Deep Learning (DL) model called Resting-state EEG-based Hybrid Graph Convolutional Network (Rest-HGCN) has been developed for this purpose. However, a challenge in ASD diagnosis is the limited availability of EEG data, leading to imbalanced classes and ineffective model training. To address this issue, a new approach is proposed in this paper, which involves a generative model for EEG data augmentation. A novel Dual Encoder-Balanced Conditional Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network (DEBCWGAN) is designed to produce fine synthetic minority-class EEG examples and augment the original training dataset. This model integrates the Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) and balanced conditional Wasserstein GAN. Initially, EEG signals for ASD in the training dataset are pre-processed as Differential Entropy (DE) features and split into different segments. Each feature segment is processed in the temporal and the spatial domain depending on the electrode place. Then, twin encoders are trained to capture both spatial and temporal information from these features, concatenate them as Latent Variables (LVs), and provide them to the decoder to produce synthetic EEG examples. Additionally, gradient penalty and L2 regularization are used to speed up convergence and prevent overfitting effectively. Further, the augmented dataset is used to train the Rest-HGCN for ASD detection, enhancing its robustness and generalizability. Finally, test outcomes demonstrate that the DEBWGAN-GP-Rest-HGCN on the EEG Dataset for ASD and ABC-CT dataset achieves 91,6 % and 88,1 % accuracy, respectively compared to the Rest-HGCN, AlexNet, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM
Causal relationship between GLP-1 agonists and depressive symptomatology in patients with type 2 Diabetes: A systematic review
Get PDFBackground: glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are drugs used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and some (Liraglutide and Semaglutide) for weight loss with significant effects on visceral fat. Adverse effects include gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting or diarrhea and is associated with an increased frequency of acute pancreatitis.
Method: this systematic review has used search engines such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane and the Acsess Medicine platform to search for literature investigating the effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists versus other antidiabetic therapies on depressive symptoms including suicidal ideation, finding a total of 07 potential articles related to the use of GLP-1 agonists and their neuropsychological effects.
Results: of the 7 articles analyzed, the type of study design, the period, the number of patients included, the number of patients diagnosed with diabetes, and the use of GLP-1 agonist versus other control treatment therapies are detailed.
Conclusion: the studies reviewed indicate that GLP-1 agonists were significantly superior to control treatments in relation to the effect of antidepressant symptomatology, the mechanism by which this effect occurs remains unclear. We found no available verifiable evidence showing a causal association of GLP-1 agonists and depressive symptomatology in patients with type 2 Diabete