University of Hradec Králové Journals
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The Image of the Nobility in the Syllabus of Czech Castles and Chateaux from the Normalization Period
No full textZpřístupněné památky jsou důležitým edukačním prvkem a zprostředkovatelem našich dějin. Na hradech a zámcích je tak mimo jiného předkládán i obraz šlechty a jejího života. Studie se věnuje právě tvorbě tohoto obrazu v období normalizace a představí strategie a narativy, které pro prezentaci urozených jedinců používal komunistický režim v Československu.Accessible monuments are an important educational element and a mediator of our history. A picture of the nobility and their life is presented in castles and chateaus, among the other things. This study focuses on the creation of this image during the period of normalization and presents the strategies and narratives used by the communist regime in Czechoslovakia to present noble individuals
Martin HLAVÁČ, Karel Engliš: Ekonom, který pomohl vybudovat Československo, Praha, Euromedia Group, a. s., v edici Universum 2021, 400 stran. ISBN 978-80-242-8008-0.
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Fulnek Monastery and the non-Catholic Hierarchy: The Dynamics of Confessional Relations in the pre-White Mountain Period
No full textStudie rozebírá dynamiku vztahů mezi klášterem augustiniánů-kanovníků ve Fulneku a nekatolickou vrchností v předbělohorském období. Postupně se zabývá třemi výraznými osobnostmi z řad panstva a jejich vztahem ke klášteru: Husovým stoupencem Lackem I. z Kravař, utrakvistou Bernardem z Žerotína a členem Jednoty bratrské Janem II. starším Skrbenským z Hříště. Studie mapuje postupnou radikalizaci jejich konfesijního střetávání s fulneckými augustiniány od opomíjení kanonie, přes spory v rovině vrchnostenské, až po vyhrocený náboženský konflikt.The study analyses the dynamics of the relations between the Augustinian monastery in Fulnek and the non-Catholic hierarchy in the pre-White Mountain period. It deals successively with three prominent figures from the nobility and their relationship to the monastery: the follower of Hus, Lacek I. of Kravaře, the Utraquist Bernard of Žerotín and the member of the Unity of the Brethren, Jan II. the Elder Skrbensky of Hříště. The study traces the gradual radicalisation of their confessional clash with the Augustinians of Fulnek, from the neglect of the canonry, through disputes at the level of the hierarchy, to an escalated religious conflict
Real and False Fame in Frederick the Great’s Discourses on Libels and Satirist
No full textTento text se zabývá rozborem pojmu sláva, jak je k nalezení ve filosofických pracích pruského krále Fridricha Velikého (1712-1786), jmenovitě pak v Rozpravě o posměváčcích (Discours sur les satiriques) a Rozpravě o hanopisech (Discours sur les libelles) z roku 1759. Fridrich v obou pracích odlišuje falešnou a opravdovou slávu, přičemž falešná sláva je pouhou pozorností davů bez hlubší podstaty, jde o slávu celebrit. Fridrich ji popisuje jako slávu Herostratovu, výjimečně pro ni používá slovo célébrité. Pravá sláva je pak popisována slovem gloire a jde o etickou kategorii, o slávu, která je motorem činnosti velkých lidí a jejímž soudcem bude historie. Obě slávy jsou sice v obou rozpravách cílem pisatelů satiry a hanopisů, avšak ti místo pravé slávy dosahují pouhé známosti svého jména, pouhé pozornosti davů. Satira a hanopisy jsou v rozpravách odsouzeny proto, že nedosahují pravé slávy, o kterou by měly usilovat, ale pouze slávy falešné, jež je však eticky bezcenná.
Klíčová slova: sláva, Fridrich Veliký, hanopisy, filosofie osvícenství, satiraThis text deals with the term fame as it can be found in the philosophical discourses written by the Prussian king Frederick the Great (1712-1786) in 1759, namely in Discourse on the Satirists (Discours sur les satiriques) and Discourse on Libels (Discours sur les libelles). In both works Frederick distinguishes the false fame from the real one, where the false fame is a simple attention paid by crowds and has no deeper substance, it is the fame of celebrities. Frederick describes it as a fame of Herostratos, rarely he uses the word célébrité to describe it. The real fame, on the other hand, is described by the word gloire and it is an ethical category, it is the fame which engines the activity of great people and which has history as its arbiter. In the discourses, both kinds of fame are the target of the satirists and libels’ authors, but instead of the real fame they only achieve the popularity of their names, the mere attention of the crowds. Both discourses condemn satire and libels due to their failure in achieving the real fame, which they ought to strive for, and for gaining just the false fame, which has no ethical value.
Key words: fame, Frederick the Great, libels, philosophy of the Enlightenment, satir
“I’m Used to Bad Things Happening to Me”: The Victimisation of Low-Income Earning Foreign Nationals Living in South Africa
Full text linkSouth Africa hosts millions of foreign nationals who are often blamed for the country’s high crime rate, despite their victimisation being under-reported. Foreign nationals often settle for low-income jobs regardless of their qualifications or work experience. Consequently, these minority groups are vulnerable to victimisation due to their environment and circumstances. Thus, this study reflects on the victimisation of low-income earning foreign nationals living in Gauteng, South Africa. Through qualitative interviews, fifteen foreign nationals shared their experiences concerning their victimisation. Data were analysed thematically and interpreted through a radical victimological lens. The findings suggest that the participants’ origin stories set the context for their willingness to endure victimisation in South Africa. Moreover, some participants experienced xenophobia and crime victimisation such as robbery, sexual assault, and witnessing a xenophobic-motivated murder.
Klíma, Jan. 2022. Nad Angolou zataženo. Zápisky z roku 1992, roku prvních angolských voleb a evakuace posledního československého velvyslanectví v Luandě [Dark Clouds over Angola: Notes from 1992, the year of the first Angolan elections and evacuation of the last Czechoslovak embassy in Luanda]. Praha: Lidové noviny, 174 pp.
Full text linkIn-group Unity in Anglophone Cameroon\u27s Separatist Discourse. Strategies and Means of Realization
Full text linkThe present paper is the result of a scientific venture into the discursive construction of separatism in Cameroon’s English-speakingregions, which separatists refer to as Southern Cameroons or Ambazonia. My study aims specifically at identifying the linguistic and rhetorical strategies separatist leaders use in order to create a sense of unity amongst all English-speaking Cameroonians and make them join the fight for independence. To achieve this aim, I have analysed speeches authored between 2010 and 2015 by two Anglophone Cameroonian separatist leaders. The analysis of the speeches, which followed the Discourse Historical Approach (Wodak et al. 2009), reveals that Southern Cameroonian nationalists try to achieve unity by resorting to strategies such as nomination, predication, and argumentation through topoi. These strategies were realised by means of linguistic resources including lexicon, imperatives, deontic and epistemic modals
Interrogating Youths’ Involvement in Politics and Implications on Violence in Nigeria
Full text linkProtests, whether violent or non-violent are part of the instruments deployed by youths to express their dissatisfaction with poor governance and non-inclusion in decision-making in Nigeria. To the youths, their relevance in politics seems to begin during election and terminates as soon as elections are over. Changing this narrative becomes critical for these youths in order to enable them to utilise their potentials and contribute to national development. This scenario raises a number of questions: what have been the activities of youths within political spaces and decision-making over the years? Are they involved or excluded and why? The present article interrogates these and other issues and makes suggestions on how youths’ potentials in Nigeria can be properly harnessed, developed and utilised for the benefits of both youths and the citizenry as a whole
Chan, Stephen. 2021. African Political Th ought: An Intellectual History of the Quest for Freedom. London: Hurst and Compagny. Ix + 262 pp. ISBN 978-1-78738-550-4
Full text linkStrategic Manoeuvering in 2019 Campaign Speeches in the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa: Extended Pragma-Dialectical Perspective
Full text linkThis article investigates how political candidates in the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa employed means of strategic manoeuvring during the provincial election campaigns of 2019. It assumes the framework of the extended pragma-dialectical theory of argumentation, by first reconstructing the argumentation structure, identifying the means of strategic manoeuvring, and finally, critically analysing the prototypical speech acts in the political campaign discourse. The data were collected from the isiXhosa newspaper I’solezwe LesiXhosa during the campaign from February to April 2019. The findings demonstrate commissives and assertives as the prototypical speech acts in the political argumentative discourse in the Eastern Cape Province. In addition, dissociation is manifested in multiple contexts to persuade the audience of the standpoint that the opposition parties are more visionary than the incumbent party, African National Congress