Nursing Depths Series
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Humanized care in pediatric care: family, emotional and spiritual impact
No full textIntroduction: Family participation in pediatric care turns out to be a need felt by caregivers with infants, transforming person-centered care; therefore, we sought to analyze on humanized care in pediatric care services, as well as how this affects at emotional, family and spiritual level. Methods: Qualitative research, with descriptive design of bibliographic review type with a sample of 30 articles. The information was collected in indexed databases such as Scopus, Scielo, Pubmed and Redalyc, using keywords in English, Spanish and Portuguese, together with Boolean operators (AND, OR); these were structured in an Excel matrix for analysis using the CASPe rubric. Result: Humanized care in pediatric services has a significant and positive impact on their overall well-being. This approach, based on respect, empathy, and effective communication, favors the construction of an environment of trust that facilitates the emotional accompaniment of caregivers throughout the health care process. Conclusion: Pediatric care significantly improves emotional, family and spiritual well-being. Empathetic, communicative and respectful care reduces stress, anxiety and vulnerability in patients and their families. Therefore, the implementation of the open-door model promotes family participation, improves clinical evolution, and optimizes treatment outcomes by integrating the family into the care
Social and health consequences of neglect in old age
No full textIntroduction: The phenomenon of abandonment in older adults was presented as a social and health problem of great complexity, since it implied a direct violation of their fundamental rights and dignity. This situation was observed in a context of population aging, fragility of family networks and shortcomings of social protection systems. Its main causes were linked to caregiver exhaustion, intrafamily conflicts and lack of economic resources, factors that increased the risk of exclusion, neglect and biopsychosocial deterioration in this vulnerable population.Development: Abandonment adopted different modalities that included the physical, manifested in the lack of attention to health and basic care; the emotional, evidenced in the rupture of affective bonds and loneliness; and the financial, associated with the deprivation of indispensable economic resources. These forms of abandonment, which often coexisted, intensified the negative consequences on health and well-being. Among the most relevant effects were the increase in chronic diseases, functional deterioration, malnutrition, depression, anxiety and the appearance of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer\u27s disease. Consequently, abandonment had an impact not only on the individual, but also on families and communities, generating a circle of suffering that is difficult to resolve without institutional support.Conclusions: The analysis made it possible to ascertain that the abandonment of older adults constituted a public and ethical challenge that transcended the private sphere. The problem required comprehensive interventions that included health, psychological and social care, as well as inclusive policies and community programs. Recognizing abandonment as a violation of human dignity implied the need to build a model of dignified, healthy and accompanied aging, in which the family, the community and the State would assume a co-responsible role to prevent this form of exclusion
Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children
No full textThe term cancer encompasses a group of diseases characterised by the development of abnormal cells that divide, grow and spread uncontrollably throughout the body. Acute lymphocytic leukaemia is a type of cancer of the blood and bone marrow. It is the most common form of cancer in children. The peak incidence is between two and five years of age. A literature review was conducted to characterise the development of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children. Journals and websites such as SciELO and Infomed were used, for a total of 17 references. The cause of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is unknown. The treatment of patients with ALL is tailored to the patient\u27s risk at diagnosis
Protocol of major outpatient surgery in open cholecystectomy programmed in the service of general surgery of the Central Hospital of Maracay
No full textMajor Outpatient Surgery (MAS) is a set of surgical, therapeutic, diagnostic procedures, as well as anesthetic techniques (local, locoregional, with or without sedation) that requires shorter postoperative care, which represents one of the most timely, economical and satisfactory changes for surgery. The objective: was to evaluate a major outpatient surgery protocol in patients with scheduled open cholecystectomies in the general surgery service of the Central Hospital of Maracay in the period from January to August 2024. Materials and methods: were a descriptive, observational, prospective, and longitudinal clinical-epidemiological study. The population consisted of 65 patients diagnosed with gallstones, with a sample of 37 selected. Statistical descriptions were performed, constructing 95% confidence intervals for the variables. Results: The average age was 47.78 years. The majority of patients were women. The absence of underlying medical history was evident. Of the 37 patients, 30 had satisfactory resolution of the pathology, without requiring readmissions, reoperations, or complications. Only 7 of the individuals presented minor complications, with effective resolution. The quality indicators for major outpatient surgery confirmed the effectiveness that the protocol can provide. Conclusion: Major outpatient surgery is an innovative alternative that optimizes surgical care by allowing patients to return home the same day of the intervention, in addition to demonstrating a low rate of postoperative complications, giving satisfactory results in a short period of time, which is why its implementation is recommended
Clinical Simulation in health care training: barriers to efficacy and impact on health care safety
No full textIntroduction: Clinical simulation considered as a fundamental tool in the training of health professionals promotes autonomy and preparation for real clinical situations. Therefore, the incorporation of advanced technologies, such as high fidelity simulators and virtual reality, facilitates the transfer of theoretical knowledge to practice, generating an educational experience that is both motivating and effective.Method: Research with a qualitative approach, with a bibliographic review of original scientific articles in Spanish, English and Portuguese. Thirty studies were selected by convenience sampling, extracted from indexed sources such as Scopus, Scielo and Dialnet. The data collected were organized in an Excel matrix and analyzed using the CASPe critical reading rubric.Results: Health training faces several challenges, such as the high economic investment in technology, the need for specialized training for instructors and resistance to change on the part of some professionals. However, this methodology contributes significantly to the development of practical skills, improves decision-making in safe environments and fosters collaborative learning.Conclusion: Clinical simulation is recognized as an essential tool in the training of health professionals, since it provides practical experiences in controlled environments that favor autonomy and preparation for real clinical situations. Worldwide, this methodology has promoted curricular restructuring to improve educational quality and safety, incorporating advanced technologies such as high-fidelity simulators and virtual reality
Nursing attitudes in end-of-life care described by the FATCOD scale: a review of the literature
No full textIntroduction: Attitudes "allows behavioral tendencies to be mobilized through cognitive, emotional and rational components" (Espinoza et al., 2016), being necessary within the development of nursing skills in palliative care, to know the attitudes towards the care of terminally ill people and of their families; worldwide there are several scales, one of them, the Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of the Dying (FADCO) scale, which measures nursing attitudestowards the care of dying patients and their families, which has been validated and used in different countries and languages.Objective: This study aims to identify nursing attitudes in end-of-life care described by the FATCOD scale.Method: A review of the literature was carried out, of scientific articles related to research on the FADCO scale, including articles with full text in Spanish, English and Portuguese, published between 1990 and 2022, including quantitative research, case and control studies, clinical trials, cohort studies and cross-sectional studies; A search was carried out in different databases such as virtual health library, OVID Medicine and Nursing, Proquest Family Health Database, Proquest Health & Medical Collection, Proquest Nursing & Allied Health Database, Proquest Public Health Database, among others.Results: The search for articles was carried out by means of 26 combinations of keywords to give search formulas, the total sample consisted of 40 articles included in the narrative review, finding that 20% of the countries where the scale was most used was Turkey and China, another important aspect that was evidenced is that according to the culture and beliefs the instrument presented diversity of dimensions and linguistic adaptation according to the country; Regarding the population that was applied, it is distributed among nursing students and professionals with an average age of 36 years, 92% were women, 95.5% of the nurses practice some religion while 87.5% of the students do not report or do not practice. A religion. The respondents have from 1 to 6 years of experience, the students report that only 9.1% have had contact with death, compared to what was found in the professionals that 65% of these had training and contact with death experiences, in In relation to the scale score for professionals it was 88 points and for students 84 points, which indicates that the attitudes of this group are in amedium range and can be an alert for the academy to strengthen skills in palliative care. necessary for the care of the patient and his family.Conclusion: It is important to highlight that there are scales or measurement instruments to know the state of preparation and level of competencies that are available to provide quality care. In this narrative review, it was documented that the FATCOD scale has been used in multiple countries with this purpose, highlighting that attitudes modify behavior trends according to their thinking and react in a context protecting their values and beliefs, which translates into attitudes that the professional has to handle a critical situation as it is in different contexts according to their professional profile
Educational workshops as strengthening spaces for the prevention of chronic child malnutrition in a rural area of Esmeraldas
No full textIn rural Ecuador, chronic childhood malnutrition (CCM) persists as a public health challenge, especially in communities living in extreme poverty. This study evaluated the impact of nutrition education workshops for pregnant and lactating mothers in a rural area of Esmeraldas province. A quantitative, observational, and longitudinal design with a pre-experimental approach was applied, using validated pretest and posttest questionnaires to measure changes in dietary knowledge and practices. The sample consisted of 267 women selected through non-probability sampling. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in RStudio, employing the McNemar test. The results revealed statistically significant improvements (p < 0.001) in 35 of the 50 questions, especially in topics related to nutrition during pregnancy, breastfeeding, and the prevention of childhood illnesses. Knowledge was strengthened in key areas such as the importance of prenatal checkups, the immunological value of colostrum, and the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding. However, some areas showed no progress, suggesting the need to review methodological approaches and strengthen technical content. In conclusion, the educational workshops proved to be an effective tool for promoting maternal empowerment and preventing ICD during critical stages of child development. It is recommended that their coverage be expanded and their systematic integration into community-based public health strategies
Left radical nephrectomy: nursing care perspective - A bibliographic review
No full textIntroduction: Left radical nephrectomy is a commonly performed surgical procedure for the treatment of renal carcinoma, requiring specialized nursing care throughout the perioperative period. Methods: A literature review was conducted analyzing nursing care protocols, complications, and quality of life outcomes in patients undergoing left radical nephrectomy. Articles published between 2017 and 2024 were reviewed, with a focus on nursing interventions and patient outcomes. Results: The review identified key nursing interventions, including preoperative patient education, intraoperative positioning considerations specific to the left approach, postoperative pain management, early mobilization protocols, and strategies for preventing chronic kidney disease. Laparoscopic approaches showed fewer complications and
shorter hospital stays compared to open procedures. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols demonstrated better outcomes when appropriately implemented by nursing teams. Conclusions: Nursing care for left radical nephrectomy requires comprehensive knowledge of anatomical considerations, surgical approaches, and evidence-based interventions. Quality nursing care impacts patient recovery, complication rates, and long-term outcomes, including preservation of renal function and quality of life
Compassion fatigue, quality of care and clinical governance
No full textIntroduction: compassion fatigue, as an emotional cost resulting from prolonged exposure to the suffering of the people and families being cared for, is a factor with adverse repercussions on the quality and safety of nursing care. The aim is to reflect on the clinical governance strategies to be used to minimize the effect of compassion fatigue.Method: this is a narrative critical analysis based on a review of the current scientific literature on compassion fatigue, focusing on studies that address the interaction with clinical management, in order to provide evidence from the literature and indications for practice in the context of health service management. To carry out the study, articles were selected that addressed the interdependence between compassion fatigue and clinical governance.Results: compassion fatigue manifests itself through symptoms such as physical and emotional exhaustion, associated with feelings of professional frustration, resulting from nurses\u27 continuous empathetic involvement with people and families in situations of suffering. Its presence negatively compromises the quality and safety of care, constituting a silent threat to the effectiveness of clinical governance.Conclusion: nurse managers have a responsibility to develop systematic and strategic plans that foster the emotional well-being of their teams, thus contributing to the reduction of compassion fatigue and consequently to the continuous improvement of the quality of care provided
HIV Epidemiology in an At-Risk Population: Findings and Prevention Strategies
No full textHIV infection remains a major public health challenge, disproportionately affecting vulnerable populations. Late diagnosis and underdiagnosis contribute to the spread of the virus and hinder timely access to treatment. In this context, the study aimed to analyze the epidemiological profile of students, faculty, and other members of the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Esmeraldas campus, who voluntarily participated, in order to assess the effectiveness of preventive strategies. A cross-sectional, observational, and descriptive study was conducted at the university, where 212 participants underwent fourth-generation rapid tests for the detection of the HIV p24 antigen and HIV-1/2 antibodies as part of an awareness and prevention campaign. All participants tested negative for the combination of the p24 antigen and HIV-1/2 antibodies. A low detection rate was observed in the university population evaluated. Conclusions: The low prevalence of HIV in the university population does not eliminate the need to maintain and strengthen screening and education strategies. Collaboration between community service students and the Ministry of Public Health is essential to expand diagnostic coverage and facilitate early interventions