Nursing Depths Series
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Comprehensive approach to postpartum haemorrhage from a nursing perspective
No full textThis study addressed postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) as one of the leading causes of maternal mortality in Ecuadorian hospitals. It analysed the classification of PPH into primary and secondary, its causes, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, and treatment. Uterine atony was highlighted as the most frequent factor, followed by trauma, tissue retention, and coagulopathies. In addition, multiple risk factors that compromised maternal health were identified, such as multiple pregnancies, foetal macrosomia, previous caesarean sections, and prolonged labour. The study showed that many of the deaths could have been prevented through timely and appropriate intervention by health personnel, especially nursing professionals. In this regard, the Nursing Care Process (NCP) was analysed as a key tool for ensuring effective, evidence-based care. Dorothea Orem\u27s self-care theory, which proposed the active participation of women in their recovery process, was also integrated. The importance of intervention strategies focused on constant monitoring, administration of uterotonics, comprehensive clinical assessment, and interprofessional coordination was highlighted. Finally, the regulatory support of the Free Maternity Law was highlighted as a legal framework that guaranteed access to adequate care. This research contributed significantly to the training of nursing professionals and the strengthening of a preventive approach to PPH
The role of nursing in patients with postpartum haemorrhage
No full textThe research focused on analysing the role of nursing professionals in dealing with postpartum haemorrhage, one of the leading causes of maternal mortality worldwide and the second leading cause in Ecuador. This study, which was documentary and bibliographic in nature and used a quantitative approach, identified the importance of nursing staff in the prevention, detection and management of this obstetric emergency. It was highlighted that, among their duties, the care and educational roles were the most relevant. In the care area, staff performed interventions such as assessing vital signs, administering uterotonic drugs, transfusions and uterine massage. In their educational role, they provided guidance to patients and family members on warning signs and self-care measures. Likewise, a knowledge deficit was evident among some health personnel and patients, which affects the effective response to these emergencies. The use of the Nursing Care Process (NCP) was identified as a fundamental tool for planning, executing, and evaluating care in a structured and effective manner. The main cause of postpartum haemorrhage was uterine atony, which was responsible for 70% of cases. Finally, it was recommended that ongoing training for nursing staff be strengthened and that the Ministry of Health\u27s Clinical Guidelines be followed to improve the quality of care and reduce maternal morbidity and mortality
Characterization of anxiety during pregnancy and childbirth from the nursing professional’s perspective
No full textIntroduction: Pregnancy involves changes and uncertainties that can produce stress and anxiety, with biological and psychosocial consequences for the mother and the newborn; nursing emerges as a key actor for detection and emotional support. Objective: To characterize anxiety during pregnancy and childbirth from the perspective of the nursing professional. Methods: Narrative literature review conducted in January 2023; search in PubMed, ProQuest, Dialnet, SciELO and Medline; criteria: studies from the last 5 years in Spanish, English or Portuguese that explicitly addressed anxiety in pregnant women; final selection: 16 documents after screening 653 records. Results: The studies reviewed showed anxiety as a central issue linked to underlying disorders, perinatal complications and worsening during the pandemic; associated factors included lack of companionship, adolescent pregnancy, pregnancy loss and the postpartum period; nursing practices such as empathetic care, prenatal education and relaxation techniques were also described, and complementary interventions with heterogeneous evidence were reported. Conclusions: Anxiety in pregnancy is a complex problem that interconnects biological, psychosocial and care-related aspects, and nursing is recognized as having a central role in identifying, accompanying and providing emotional and educational support, as well as coordinating health system resources
Lifestyle in older adults and nursing intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic in North Lima
No full textThe lifestyle of older adults worldwide has changed drastically due to the pandemic, where their routine activities have been modified, generating health problems. Therefore, the objective of the research is to determine the lifestyle of older adults and the nursing intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic in North Lima. It is a quantitative, descriptive-cross-sectional study, with a population of 206 participants over 60 years of age who answered a questionnaire on sociodemographic aspects and the FANTASTICO instrument. The results showed that of adults aged 60 to 90 years, 10.2% have a low lifestyle and 19.9% have a fantastic lifestyle. In conclusion, educational counseling on lifestyle management at home should be provided for older adults, as this will allow them to maintain their healthy lifestyle
Nursing care related to quality of life in diabetic patients treated at a hospital in North Lima
No full textDiabetes mellitus is one of the leading diseases worldwide, significantly compromising a person\u27s health and diminishing their quality of life over time. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the nursing care impact on quality of life in diabetic patients treated at a hospital in northern Lima. This was a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study with a total population of 132 patients who completed a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Diabetes 39 instrument. The results showed that 58.8% of patients between the ages of 30 and 59 had an average quality of life. In conclusion, educational counseling on self-care should be provided to patients with diabetes mellitus
Total family risk in families with children under 5 years old in a vulnerable area of North Lima
No full textFamily risk is one of the probabilities in which adverse situations can occur within the family that can be witnessed during a family assessment, therefore, the research objective is to determine the total family risk of families with children under 5 years of age in a vulnerable area of North Lima. It is a quantitative, descriptive-cross-sectional study, with a total population made up of 140 heads of households with children under 5 years of age who answered a questionnaire of sociodemographic aspects and the total family risk instrument. In the results, it can be observed that 62.9% (n = 88) of the heads of households have a family at low risk, 27.1% (n = 38) have threatened families and 10% (n = 14) have families at high risk. In conclusion, strengthening health professionals in terms of extramural work is very important because it allows them to identify if there is any risk that compromises the family, especially the infant, and to act accordingly
Oral diseases associated with COVID-19
No full textThe oral cavity houses saliva, which is a reservoir for SARS-CoV-2. Knowledge of oral pathologies that may arise during COVID-19 is significant, as it can prevent severe health problems from developing in other parts of the human body. Therefore, the author set out to describe oral diseases associated with COVID-19. The documentary analysis method was used, and a total of 30 bibliographies were reviewed. Patients who tested positive for COVID-19 presented with impaired salivary gland function, taste and smell sensations, oral mucosal integrity, herpetic lesions, and candidiasis. If surveillance and control of oral pathologies associated with the presence of COVID-19 are activated, high transmission of the virus and the spread of infections to other anatomical regions of the human body would be prevented, often avoiding serious complications in patients
Localised chronic fibroedematous gingivitis treated with chamomile-argan oil in patients aged 15-19 years
No full textAn experimental study with pre-test, post-test, and a control group was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of chamomile-argan oil in the treatment of chronic fibroedematous gingivitis in patients at the Martha Machado Cuní Teacher Training Centre between 2020 and 2022. The study population consisted of students aged 15-19 years old at the centre. The population consisted of students diagnosed with some type of gingivitis, and the sample consisted of 68 students diagnosed with localised chronic fibroedematous gingivitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of chamomile-argan oil in the treatment of localised chronic fibroedematous gingivitis. The variables considered were sex, age groups, presence of chronic fibroedematous gingivitis and effectiveness of chamomile-argan oil. After obtaining informed consent, a thorough interview and clinical examination was carried out on each of the patients who took part in the research in order to achieve the proposed objective. Chronic localised fibroedematous gingivitis was predominant in the population. The study sample was predominantly female, aged between 15 and 16 years, with a diet rich in sugar, poor oral hygiene and hormonal changes as risk factors associated with the onset of gingivitis. Chamomile-argan oil is effective in the treatment of localised chronic fibro-oedematous gingivitis. Taking into account the shortage of medicines in Cuba, the effectiveness of the proposed treatment, and the guidelines established in Cuban state policy, it can be argued that the use of the proposed treatment is highly significant and timely. It would therefore be essential to recommend the production of chamomile-argan oil for the treatment of localised chronic fibro-oedematous gingivitis, as well as for other pathologies affecting the stomatognathic system
Family functionality in women victims of domestic violence during COVID-19 times in areas of Lima
No full textBackground: During the lockdown, many families have anticipated a situation that compromises the relationships between their members, where communication within the home will play an important role in the family\u27s emotional balance.Objective: The objective of this study is to determine family functioning in women victims of domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic in areas of Lima.Results: In the family communication dimension, we can observe that 737 (87%) of the women victims of domestic violence have very low communication with other family members, 31 (6%) have low family communication, 9 (2.9%) have moderate family communication, 13 (3.9%) have high family communication, and 4 (0.2%) have very high family communication.Conclusions: It is concluded that health services should be considered, where health professionals can identify situations of risk of violence within the home and how to prevent it