INZ Open Journal Systems (Institute of Contemporary History)
Not a member yet
4877 research outputs found
Sort by
Strukturni premiki na področju slovenskega podjetništva v obdobju "prve recesije"
No full textAfter the first quarter of 2009 Slovenia officially entered the recession that was the result of the global financial and economic crisis. This was the first recession since our country started transformation recovery in 1993. It resulted in lower levels of economic activity, collapse of companies and a high unemployment rate. In his article, the author sheds light on developments in Slovene entrepreneurship during the “first” recession, which, however, did not have the same causes as today’s but was the result of the change from a socialist to a market economy and from a regional to a national economy.Po prvem četrtletju leta 2009 je Slovenija uradno zapadla v recesijo, ki je posledica globalne finančne in gospodarske krize. Recesija je nastopila prvič, odkar je naša država leta 1993 prešla v transformacijsko okrevanje in tako smo znova priča padcu gospodarske aktivnosti, propadanju podjetij in visoki brezposelnosti. V razpravi avtor osvetli dogajanje v slovenskem podjetništvu v času »prve« recesije, ki pa ni bila posledica istega vzroka kot današnja, temveč je bila posledica prehoda iz socialističnega v tržno ter iz regionalnega v nacionalno gospodarstvo
»Le tako naj po vodo hodijo, kakor so ponavadi, iz škafi al z vozmi«: K zgodovini oskrbe z vodo v Ribniški dolini
No full textThe article describes the interaction between the inhabitants of the valley of Ribniška dolina and its water resources. It presents water supply development stages in the transitional karst area of the valley of Ribniška dolina after 1850, with an emphasis on the period at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. The examined archival materials offer insight into the course of construction of the water supply system, from the individual rainwater tanks and wells, the embryonic market town (Ribnica) and village waterworks (Kot - Jurjevica - Breže, Lipovšica - Zapotok - Vinice - Sušje - Slatnik), to the modern regional waterworks at Kočevje – Ribnica – Sodražica.Članek opisuje interakcijo med prebivalci Ribniške doline in pripadajočimi vodnimi viri. Bistvo zapisa je prikaz faz razvoja vodooskrbe na prehodnem kraškem območju Ribniške doline od leta 1850 naprej, s poudarkom na obdobju konec 19. in začetku 20. stoletja. Uporabljeno arhivsko gradivo razkriva potek izgradnje sistema vodooskrbe od posameznih kapnic in vodnjakov, preko nepopolnih trškega (Ribnica) in vaških vodovodov (Kot – Jurjevica – Breže, Lipovšica – Zapotok – Vinice – Sušje – Slatnik), do modernega regionalnega vodovoda Kočevje – Ribnica – Sodražica
»Eins, zwei, inu preden bom rekel drei te mora hudič uzet!«: Nekaj zgodb o zakonskih umorih iz predustavne dobe v deželi Kranjski
No full textAt a time when women were completely subordinate to men both socially and economically, it was extremely difficult for them to leave their husbands despite harrowing circumstances in the marriage because they had no material means to support themselves and they would also become outcasts from society. It was easier for the husband because the wife had to be obedient – the husband had the right to demand that obedience by force because the corresponding social threshold of tolerance was very high. The husband could afford much in the relationship and beyond it that the wife could not. Some abused and dissatisfied women tried to find a way out of a desperate situation by murdering their husbands. Men, on the other hand, had almost no reason to kill their wives because they could get away with almost everything. They thus killed their wives in drunkenness or in fits of anger. Men also perpetrated more successful murders than attempts at murder– precisely the opposite from women. In the murder cases from the 18th and 19th centuries presented in this article, women most often tried to poison their husbands, while men beat their spouses to death.V časih, ko so bile ženske še povsem družbeno in ekonomske podrejene moškim, so žene kljub neznosnim razmeram v zakonu zelo težko zapustile može, ker same niso imele materialne osnove za preživetje, pa tudi družba bi jih izobčila. Laže je bilo za moža, ker mu je žena morala biti poslušna - to poslušnost je mož lahko zahteval tudi s silo, ker je bil družbeni prag tolerance tu zelo visok. On si je v zakonu, oziroma poleg zakona, lahko dovolil marsikaj, kar si žena ni mogla. Iz brezihodnega položaja, v katerem so se nahajale zlorabljane, pa tudi drugače nezadovoljne žene, so se nekatere skušale izviti z umorom moža. Na drugi strani moški za umor žene skorajda niso imeli vzroka, saj jim je bilo skoraj vse dovoljeno. Zato pa so ubijali žene v pijanosti in v jezi. Pri moških ubojih je tudi veliko več izvršenih dejanj, kot poskusov – ravno obratno kot pri dejanjih, kjer so storilke ženske. V obravnavanih primerih iz 18. in 19. stoletja so ženske največkrat poskušale z zastrupljanjem, moški pa so žene potolkli s fizičnim nasiljem
»Prej ni dobro, dokler ne začne teči.«: Zgodba o nečednostih med 47–letnim Antonom Butaro in 13–letno Amalijo Slatnar
No full textDružina Slatnar iz Vrbe na Gorenjskem je, tako kot mnoge druge, na začetku dvajsetega stoletja poizkusila svojo srečo čez lužo, v Ameriki. Odšli so v upanju na boljše življenje, bogastvo ali karkoli je že novi svet ponujal.2 V Ameriki so se Slatnarjevi naselili v kraju Akron blizu Clevelanda v zvezni državi Ohio, kot eni prvih Slovencev tam sploh. »Sem so prišli prvi Slovenci pred 3 leti, namreč V. Žurc, F. Slatnar, F. Pucl in J. Žgajnar.«3 Oče Franc, ki je v Akronu delal v tovarni, je le s težavo preživljal veliko družino: ženo Barbaro (rojeno Dornik, vdovo Osolin), hčere Amalijo, Barbaro, Marico in Cilko ter Barbarinega sina iz prvega zakona Franceta Osolina. Da bi si izboljšali finančni položaj, so Slatnarjevi na »hrano in stanovanje« jemali tudi svoje (pretežno slovenske) sodelavce. V njihovi hiši jih je bilo vedno kakšnih petnajst
Mladostna leta v Mariboru: Dnevnik zoologa Karla Heiderja 1870-1873
No full textThe diary of Karl Heider about his youth in Maribor is an extensive and authentic source of information about socialization in a family of barons that had acquired the status of nobility by education. These families were scattered across the Hapsburg Monarchy in the 1870s; however, they maintained close ties. The young were introduced to the social elite by the local petit-bourgeois approximations of salon life. In addition, they could choose from an entire palette of other entertainment and educational possibilities, both at home and outside of it that helped them develop not only in a social but also in a cultural sense. The professional growth of this prospective natural sciences scholar was also stimulated by his social environment, on the one hand, and equally so by encouragement he received at school, on the other. This tendency and early political manifestations in the liberal German-national camp resulted in a conflict with the Roman Catholic cornerstone of the family (and, likewise, statehood) traditionDnevnik Karla Heiderja, vezan na njegova mladostna mariborska leta, nas obširno in avtentično informira o socializaciji v okviru baronske družine plemstva po izobrazbi, ki je v prvi polovici 70. let 19. st. živela razpršena znotraj habsburške monarhije, vendar je negovala intenzivne medsebojne stike. Za vpeljavo mladine med družbeno elito so skrbeli lokalni malomeščanski približki salonskega življenja. Razen tega se je kazala cela paleta drugih možnosti za zabavo in izobraževanje, tako doma kot tudi izven domače hiše, ki je prispevala k razvoju, ne samo v družbenem temveč tudi v kulturnem oziru. Tudi strokovno zorenje bodočega naravoslovca je potekalo zahvaljujoč možnostim za razvoj, ki jih je na eni strani ponujalo njegovo družbeno okolje, po drugi strani pa je ravno tako odločilno vlogo odigrala spodbuda v šoli. Ta težnja in zgodnje politične manifestacije v liberalnem nemškonacionalnem taboru so privedle do konflikta z rimskokatoliškimi temelji družinskega (in konec koncev državnega) izročila
»Rasputin vidovdanske ustave«: Razvpite afere Radomirja Pašića kot primer korupcije in (neuspešnega) boja proti njej v prvi Jugoslaviji
No full textThe author finds that the First Yugoslavia had no ethical infrastructure and that the level of corruption in the country was very high. The corrupt behavior of Rade Pašić, and in particular the “Adamov scandal” are used as examples of individual attempts in the fight against corruption that, however, yielded no results. The article provides (mostly) the Slovene view of corruption because the author focuses in particular on Slovene newspapers (the dailies Slovenec and Jutro), the only media at the time that offered the wider public an insight in the scandals and attempts at “saving the state from the claws of corrupt people” and shaped their attitudes towards such acts.V prispevku avtorica ugotavlja, da v prvi Jugoslaviji ni bilo vzpostavljene etične infrastrukture in da je bila stopnja skorumpiranosti države zelo visoka. Na primeru koruptivnih dejanj Rade Pašića, še posebej t. i. adamovske afere, prikaže posamezne poskuse boja proti korupciji, ki pa niso dosegli nobenih rezultatov. Prispevek odstira (predvsem) slovensko perspektivo na fenomen korupcije, saj je avtorica velik poudarek namenila obravnavi slovenskih časopisnih virov (dnevnikoma Slovenec in Jutro), edinemu mediju, ki je takrat širšim množicam nudil vpogled v afere in poskuse »reševanja države iz krempljev skorumpirancev« ter oblikoval njihovo stališče do tovrstnih aktivnosti
»Ločitev škofa-duhovnika in škofa-politika ni iznajdba tega peklenskega slovenskega liberalizma.«: Duhovščina in Rimskokatoliška cerkev v publicističnih ter literarnih delih Slovenskega naroda (1890-1914)
No full textThe article describes how the liberals aimed at presenting the Roman Catholic Church and the clergy in the Slovenski narod newspaper after the political separation. It focuses primarily on the influence of the Church on politics, the role of bishops in the party and the literary depiction of the functioning and personal traits of clergymen. These were mostly corrupt and greedy; they ignored celibacy or were even rapists. Politics scandalized the clergy, and they scandalized the people, who no longer saw them as figures of authority.V članku je opisano, kako so po politični ločitvi liberalci v Slovenskem narodu želeli prikazati Rimskokatoliško cerkev in duhovščino. Osredotoča se predvsem na vpliv cerkve na politiko, vlogo škofov v stranki in literarni prikaz delovanja in osebnih lastnosti duhovnikov. Ti so povečini pokvarjeni, pohlepni, ne spoštujejo celibata ali so celo posiljevalci. Politika je duhovščino pohujšala, oni pa so pohujšali ljudstvo, ki v njih ne vidi več nobene avtoritete
»Krošnjarjenje se je tako razpaslo po deželi, da teh posili trgovcev kar mrgoli«: Krošnjarstvo kot oblika nelojalne konkurence med svetovnima vojnama
No full textBesides trade, which was relatively well developed in the period between the two world wars, fairs and peddling still played an important role. The latter was based on Austrian craft legislation; however, the most significant provision was that only persons with permission were allowed to sell products from door to door. In certain municipalities, the local authorities had the discretionary power to (temporarily) ban this type of sales. The conflict between salesmen who provided services in permanent locations in accordance with the legislation and the peddlers who sold the goods from door to door, was an old one; however, peddling as form of occasional, “mobile sales” survived until the modern period. In the 1930s in particular, at the time of a big economic crisis, domestic peddlers and traveling salesmen from abroad were the only real competition for the domestic salesmen.Ob trgovini, ki je bila v obdobju med svetovnima vojnama relativno dobro razvita, so pomembno vlogo še vedno igrali sejmi in krošnjarstvo. Slednje je temeljilo še na avstrijski obrtni zakonodaji, a bistvo je bilo v tem, da so prodajo po hišah smele izvajati zgolj osebe, ki so imele za to dovoljenje. So pa imele v posameznih občinah politične oblasti možnost, da iz določenih razlogov tovrstno prodajo (začasno) prepovejo. Konflikt med trgovci, ki so svojo dejavnost opravljali skladno z zakonodajo v stalnih obratih, in med krošnjarji, ki so prodajali blago od kraja do kraja in od vrat do vrat, je sicer že star, a kot odsev nestalnega, t.j. potujočega trgovanja, se je krošnjarstvo ohranilo vse do novejšega obdobja. Še zlasti v tridesetih letih 20. stoletja, v času velike gospodarske krize, so trgovcem predstavljali omembe vredno konkurenco ravno potniki tujih trgovcev in pa domači krošnjarji
»Ko bom velik, bom pa lopof«: Janez Žan Ilek: Hudoba Jurij: 1888-1985: obsoteljsko-kozjanska hudoba. Podčetrtek: samozaložba, 2015. 243 strani.
No full textŽenska v blejskem gospostvu v poznem 17. stoletju: analiza zvezanih sodnih zapisnikov
No full textThe article examines the situation and role of unprivileged women in the seigneury of Bled/Veldes at the end of the 17th century, when the bishops of Brixen managed this estate through leaseholders. The analysis focuses on the bound court minutes from the fonds of the Bled seigneury, almost 1,500 pages of archival material from 1690 to 1700, as a result of the work of the lower and, only exceptionally, the higher court for the unprivileged. The results are presented in the context of literature, leading to new insights into the position of women in the village society and the family economy, into their legal and business capacity. Some typical and special cases of women who, during the examined period, appeared before the court in Bled as plaintiffs, defendants, witnesses, debtors, creditors, guarantors, representatives and guardians of children are presented. The article deals with both civil law proceedings and related disputes, which are significantly predominant in the analysed court protocols under consideration, as well as with a smaller number of criminal law proceedings.Članek obravnava položaj in vlogo neprivilegiranih žensk na območju blejskega gospostva ob koncu 17. stoletja, ko so briksenski škofje gospostvo upravljali prek zakupnikov. Analizirani so zvezani sodni zapisniki iz fonda zemljiškega gospostva Bled, skoraj 1500 strani arhivskega gradiva iz let 1690 do vključno 1700, kot rezultat delovanja nižjega in le izjemoma višjega sodstva za neprivilegirane. Rezultati so predstavljeni v kontekstu literature, kar vodi do novih spoznanj o položaju žensk v vaški družbi in družinskem gospodarstvu ter o njihovi pravni in poslovni sposobnosti. Predstavljeni so nekateri tipični in posebni primeri žensk, ki so v proučevanem obdobju pred blejskim sodiščem nastopale v vlogi tožnic, toženk, prič, dolžnic, upnic, porokinj, zastopnic in varuhinj otrok. Obravnavani so civilnopravni postopki in z njimi povezani spori, ki v analiziranih sodnih zapisnikih znatno prevladujejo, pa tudi manj številni kazenskopravni procesi