INZ Open Journal Systems (Institute of Contemporary History)
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Trije tolovaji: Tri zgodbe o ljudeh, ki so kradli pa so jih prijeli, o sojenju ter o pravnem redu
No full textA specific aspect of the life of journeymen, beggars and robbers in presented with the help of three the minutes of three police and judicial proceedings dating back to the late 18th century and early 19th century. The stories of the fate of the three individuals in question also depict how the legal system at the time was in the process of gradually abolishing the high-handedness of individual landed property owners as well as of the state officials.Trije policijski in sodni zapisniki iz druge polovice 18. st. in iz prve polovice 19. st. nam predstavljajo del življenja dninarjev, beračev in tatov. Poleg tega pa nam pričajo o pravnem redu, ki je vedno bolj ukinjal samovoljo posameznih gosposk, kot tudi samovoljo državnih uradnikov
Alfred Nobel in njegova velika požiralka denarja
No full textSofia Hess, who without doubt left her mark on the life of the famous inventor Alfred Nobel (1833-1896), lived for several years in Celje in the 1870s. From 1876, when he met her in Baden near Vienna, until his death in 1896, Alfred Nobel on several occasion provided considerable financial support for Sofia, and even left her an annual pension of 6.000 guldens in his will. Together with Sofia, Nobel often visited Celje, where Amalija, Sofia\u27s sister, lived. Amalija\u27s husband Albert Brunner, the director of the state Zinc factory (Zinkfabrik), kept up a regular correspondence with Alfred Nobel, informing him of various technical novelties and favourable opportunities for investment. On Brunner\u27s initiative, Nobel even intended to purchase Fchleisn\u27s haloksylin factory.Sofia Hess, ženska, ki je opazno zaznamovala življenje slovitega izumitelja Alfreda Nobela (1833-1896), je v sedemdesetih letih 19. stoletja nekaj časa živela v Celju. Od leta 1876, ko jo je spoznal v Badnu pri Dunaju, do svoje smrti leta 1896, je Nobel Sofio izdatno finančno podpiral in ji v oporoki zapustil tudi letno rento v višini 6.000 gld. S Sofio je Nobel večkrat obiskal Celje, kjer je živela njena sestra Amalija. Njen mož, Albert Brunner, ravnatelj državne Cinkarne, je Nobela pisno obveščal o različnih tehničnih novostih in ugodnih možnostih za investiranje. Na njegovo pobudo je Nobel v Celju nameraval kupiti celo Fehleisnovo tovarno haloksilina
La Amistad: temni spomin na kolonialni čas severne Amerike
No full textLa Amistad ni bila tipična ladja za prevoz sužnjev, temveč običajni trgovski škuner, ki je zasužnjene Afričane prevažal zgolj po naključju. Glede na to je nesoglasje med imenom in vsebino vsaj za spoznanje manj cinično. Toda nesrečnikom, natlačenim v podpalubju, to gotovo ni bilo v pretirano tolažbo. Če bi razumeli špansko in videli, da jih od najdražjih za vedno ločuje ladja s tako plemenitim imenom, kot je Prijateljstvo, njihov obup ne bi bil nič manjši. Prav nasprotno, subtilnejši bi to lahko razumeli kot dodatni udarec zle usode in njihova groza bi se samo še povečala. Skratka, formalno dejstvo, da La Amistad ni bil običajni člen v trgovini s sužnji položaja Singbejevih tovarišev ni v ničemer spremenila. Singbe (v nekaterih virih tudi Cinque), ki se je s svojimi 48 tovariši uprl, pobil skoraj vso posadko Prijateljstva in se po zaslugi lažnivega navigatorja namesto na poti domov znašel ob južni obali Nove Anglije, se je s to podrobnostjo seznanil šele na sodnem procesu, ki je trajal še dve leti potem, ko so jih zajeli ob obalah Long Islanda. Tam, v Hartfordu in kasneje v New Havenu, je izvedel, kaj pomeni ime La Amistad, kdo je bil lastnik ladje in kakšni usodi so z uporom ubežali
S poti v deželo mlinov in tulipanov leta 1792
No full textNotes from a journey made in 1792 to the land of tulips and windmillsS poti v deželo mlinov in tulipanov leta 179
"Hudiči! Le naglejte se me, da boste vsaj siti.": O zločinu in justifikaciji cigana Simona Helda v Novem mestu
No full textThe author deals with the murder trial against Simon Held, which took place between 1899 and 1900. Convicted of having carried out a brutal killing, Held was sentenced to death by hanging and the sentence was carried out on 3rd March, 1900. The hanging of Held caused a great sensation, yet the case of the criminal Held had another aspect to it as well. The guilt of the "dangerous and bloodthirsty criminal" was characterised also by his having been of the Gypsy people - a people to whom the worst qualities were ascribed at that time, due to their failure and/or refusal to adapt to the standard and generally accepted lifestyle and their lack of respect for the social norms and rules of the time. Held\u27s trial and punishment were shadowed constantly by the feeling of extreme dislike towards the "troublesome" Gypsies hedged by the rest of the population. His death penalty was also to serve as an example to the "Gypsy rabble", which "scared the poor farmers with its thieving and robberies" - in order to keep them on the straight and narrow.Avtor obravnava proces proti morilcu Simonu Heldu v letih 1899-1900. Helda so zaradi okrutnega umora obsodili na smrt z obešenjem ter ga justificirali 3- marca 1900. Usmrtitev je bila prava senzacija. Primer zločinca Helda pa nosi še eno dimenzijo. Krivda nevarnega in krvoločnega hudodelca je bila zaznamovana tudi s pripadnostjo ciganskemu ljudstvu, ki so mu v tem času zaradi njegove neprilagojenosti ustaljenemu načinu življenja in nespoštovanju družbenih norm in pravil, pripisovali vse najslabše. Izrazita nenaklonjenost do nadležnih ciganov je bila stalna spremljevalka Heldovega zločina in kazni. Justifikacija pa naj bi služila celo kot eksempel ciganski drhali, ki je "z ropom in krajo ustrahovala ubogega kmeta", da naj si nikar ne drzne stopiti po njegovih krivih potih
Življenje na samotni kmetiji v Zgornji Savinjski dolini v 19. in 20. stoletju: Primer kmetije Gradišnik
Get PDFThe article discusses life in Solčava, the remotest area of the Upper Savinja Valley. By presenting the village of Solčava and the selected aspects of the local way of life, the introductory part etsablishes the context for the central discussion concerning the Gradišnik farm in Matk Cirque. Writing about this farm presents a unique challenge for the author, as it is her native homestead. The author’s research approach is thus interwoven with personal memories and family tradition, and the study draws on a combination of archival and oral sources. The discussion centres on generations, whose memory still forms part of the homesteaders’ oral tradition. The period under examination spans the emergence of the farm in the seventeenth century and 1993.Pričujoči prispevek obravnava življenje na najbolj odmaknjenem območju Zgornje Savinjske doline, na Solčavskem. V uvodnem delu so predstavljeni vas Solčava in izbrani vidiki lokalnega načina življenja, ki tvorijo kontekst za osrednjo obravnavo kmetije Gradišnik v Matkovem kotu. Pisanje o tej kmetiji je poseben izziv, saj gre za avtoričino rojstno domačijo. Zato je raziskovalni pristop prepleten z osebnim spominom in družinskim izročilom. Raziskava torej temelji na kombinaciji arhivskih in ustnih virov. Težišče obravnave je na generacijah, katerih spomin je še zajet v okviru hišnega ustnega izročila. Časovni lok sega od nastanka kmetije v 17. stoletju do leta 1993
Oborožitev in obramba samostanov kontemplativnih redov na Slovenskem za časa turških vpadov
No full textThe article deals with the armament and defence of four monasteries in present-day Slovenia: the Cistercian monasteries of Stična and Kostanjevica na Krki, as well as the Carthusian monasteries of Pleterje and Žiče. The article discusses the fortification of the monasteries, impacts on their economy, the correlation between the monasteries‘ economic situation and their armament,. The monasteries‘ defence organisation is examined through two research questions: Who was in charge of the monastery defence and what role did the monks themselves play in it.Članek obravnava oborožitev in obrambo štirih samostanov na Slovenskem: cistercijanskih samostanov Stična in Kostanjevica na Krki ter kartuzijanskih samostanov Pleterje in Žiče. V članku so obravnavana utrditev samostanov, vplivi na gospodarstvo samostanov ter korelacija med gospodarskim stanjem samostanov in njihovo oborožitvijo. Obrambna organizacija samostanov je preučena skozi dve raziskovalni vprašanji: Kdo je vodil samostansko obrambo ter kakšno vlogo so imeli v njej menihi
Knjižnica Družbe za kmetijstvo in uporabne umetnosti na Kranjskem in začetki licejske knjižnice
No full textThe library of the Society for Agriculture and Applied Arts in Carniola represents a specific monument of the organized Enlightenment effort for economic reforms and the development of applied sciences and natural sciences in present-day Slovenian territory. The article presents an overview of the connections between the Society\u27s library and the beginnings of the Lyceum library. The scope and content of the collection are reviewed with special attention to the Society\u27s core activities and interests. Since the library was established from regular grants from the Provincial Chamber, the Estates Domestic Fund and government funds, as well as with the help of donations from individual members, the collection is also analysed from the point of view of provenances and documents that testify to the books’ origin and their circulation among the personal collections of the society members, other collections of the time and the Society\u27s library. The significance of the library of the Society for Agriculture and Applied Arts in Carniola is assessed in the context of the relevance of its content for the Lyceum library.Knjižnica Družbe za kmetijstvo in uporabne umetnosti na Kranjskem predstavlja specifičen pomnik organiziranega razsvetljenskega prizadevanja za ekonomske reforme ter razvoj uporabnih ved in naravoslovja na današnjem slovenskem ozemlju. V prispevku je predstavljen pregled povezav med družbino knjižnico in začetki licejske knjižnice. Pregledana sta obseg in vsebina zbirke s posebnim ozirom na družbine temeljne dejavnosti in interese. Ker je knjižnica nastajala iz rednih dotacij deželnoknežje zbornice, stanovskega domestikalnega fonda in vladnih sredstev, pa tudi s pomočjo donacij posameznih članov, je zbirka analizirana tudi s stališča znamenj provenienc ter dokumentov, ki pričajo o izvoru knjig in njihovem kroženju med osebnimi zbirkami članov družbe, drugimi tedanjimi zbirkami in družbino knjižnico. Ocenjen je pomen knjižnice Družbe za kmetijstvo in uporabne umetnosti v kontekstu aktualnosti njene vsebine za licejsko knjižnico
Spol in podeljevanje plemiških naslovov v Avstrijskem cesarstvu. Preobrazba plemstva v kontekstu vprašanja žensk
No full textWomen\u27s emancipation was a centuries-long process that took different forms across regions. In the Habsburg monarchy, as elsewhere in Europe, noble titles signified elite status and service to the state. Titles were typically conferred on men, reflecting their legal and social dominance. However, hereditary nobility meant that women often shared in the privileges of their husbands or fathers. Direct ennoblement of women was rare and usually tied to marriage with Habsburg princes. Yet in the 19th century, a few Austrian women were ennobled for their own achievements. These women were exceptions, not the rule, within a male-dominated honor system. Still, their recognition marked a shift in the monarchy’s view of women\u27s public roles. The practice reflected changing ideas about merit, gender, and service to the dynasty. Though few in number, such cases signalled a broader transformation underway.Emancipacija žensk je bil stoletja dolg proces, ki je imel v različnih regijah različne oblike. V habsburški monarhiji, tako kot drugod po Evropi, so plemiški nazivi pomenili pripadnost eliti in služenje državi. Nazivi so bili praviloma podeljeni moškim, kar je odražalo njihovo pravno in družbeno prevlado. Vendar pa je dedno plemstvo pomenilo, da so ženske pogosto uživale privilegije svojih mož ali očetov. Neposredno podeljevanje plemstva ženskam je bilo redko in običajno povezano s poroko s habsburškimi princi. Kljub temu je bilo v 19. stoletju nekaj avstrijskih žensk plemiškega naslova deležnih zaradi lastnih zaslug. Te ženske so bile izjema, ne pravilo, v sistemu časti, ki je bil moško dominiran. Njihovo priznanje pa je vseeno pomenilo premik v odnosu monarhije do javnih vlog žensk. Ta praksa je odražala spreminjajoče se predstave o zaslugah, spolu in službi dinastiji. Čeprav redki, so ti primeri nakazovali širšo preobrazbo, ki je bila že v teku