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Ženske in volilne mahinacije občinskih volitvah v občini Celje okolica v letih 1883/84
No full textBased on archival and newspaper material the author analysed the elections to the municipal committee of the Municipality Celje-suburbs in 1883/84, and tried to present them in the light of »female suffrage«. This was used as means of manipulation by the political party of Germans as well as of the Slovenes. In very different ways they both tried to acquire election warrants from their female voters.Avtor je na podlagi arhivskega in časopisnega gradiva analiziral volitve občinskega odbora občine Celje-okolica 1883/84 in jih skušal prikazati skozi prizmo »ženske volilne pravice«. Ta je bila element manipulacij nemške in slovenske stranke, ki sta poskušali od volilnih upravičenk na različne načine izvabiti volilna pooblastila
"Župnik je rekel, da bi bilo treba ženske zapečatiti": Vpliv prve svetovne vojne na ločitve zakonov
No full textDuring the Great War there was a sharp increase in adultery (fornication) all over Europe. The proof for that could be found also in an increase of demands with which deceived husbands impugned their paternity in the court of law after the war. However, a sharp increase in divorce cases (separations) in 1919 was not a direct consequence of female adultery. In 1919, sixty spouses filed for divorce in the Celje court circuit - that is almost three times more than in 1914. However, in 27 preserved divorce papers the adultery of wives in the time when their husbands were fighting on the front was only three times the most important ground for divorce. Among the most important reasons for divorce prevailed - as before the war - violence, repeated insults, and »malicious abandonment«.Med prvo svetovno vojno so povsod po Evropi beležili porast zakonoloma (prešuštvo). To dokazuje tudi porast zahtev, s katerimi so prevarani možje po vojni na sodiščih izpodbijali očetovstvo. Toda opazen porast ločitev (razvez) zakonov v letu 1919 ni bil direktna posledica prešuštva žena. Pred celjskim okrožnim sodiščem je leta 1919 vložilo tožbo za ločitev zakona kar 60 zakoncev, kar je bilo skoraj trikrat več kot leta 1914. Toda v 27 ohranjenih ločitvenih spisih je bilo prešuštvo žene v času moževe odsotnosti na fronti le trikrat glavni razlog ločitve. Med glavnimi ločitvenimi razlogi so - kot pred vojno - prevladovali nasilje in ponavljajoče se žalitve ter hudobna zapustitev
Naravoslovno-matematična in glasbena dela jezuitov v Turjaški »knežji « fidejkomisni knjižnici
No full textCount Volf Engelbert Auersperg, once a student of the Graz Jesuits, was also their greatest patron. The article describes the most important works of the Graz Jesuits held by the Volf Engelbert Auersperg library, as well as giving a brief depiction of the works of other Habsburg, Roman and German Jesuits. Fifteen year-old Volf was one of the Carniolans to revert to the Catholic faith, otherwise he would not have been permitted to study at Graz University where he first became acquainted with early modern science, and compiled a considerable personal collection of Graz Jesuit manuscripts and books, of which several are described for the first time in this article. When the German universities lost their standing because of the Thirty Years War, Volf continued his studies in Northern Italy. Here Volf was influenced by Italian and even Venetian culture, the effects of which were significant also at that time in Ljubljana and which tapered off later when German ascendancy prevailed. Volf introduced the opera, music, and the physics innovations of Galileo’s Tuscan and Kircher\u27s Roman Jesuit circles to Ljubljana.Opisujemo poglavitna dela graških jezuitov v knjižnici njihovega najpomembnejšega ljubljanskega prijatelja in nekdanjega študenta, deželnega glavarja grofa Volfa Engelberta Turjaškega. Ob njih omenjamo še dela drugih habsburških jezuitov, pa tudi dela najvidnejših rimskih in nemških jezuitov. Petnajstletni Volf se je med zadnjimi Kranjci vrnil v katoliški vero tudi zato, ker sicer ne bi smel študirati na univerzi v Gradcu. Med graškim študijem je prišel v stik s sodobno znanostjo in za svojo knjižnico nabavil številna dela graških jezuitov. Nekatere rokopise iz Volfove knjižnice prvič predstavljamo javnosti. Volf je svoja študijska leta nadaljeval v Severni Italiji, saj so zavoljo tridesetletne vojne nemške univerze izgubile prestiž. Tako se je navzel predvsem italijanskih ali celo beneških vplivov, ki so bili značilni za Ljubljano dotlej, manj pa pozneje. Volf je v Ljubljano vpeljal italijansko operne, glasbene in fizikalne novosti Galilejevega toskanskega in Kircherjevega jezuitskega rimskega krog
»Z nobenim delom se ne pečajo, le z lažnivo beračijo!«: Odgon kot institucija odvračanja nezaželenih
No full textAuthorities, since time immemorial, have had a dislike for the poor, although the rich cannot exist without them. The question that has always seemed to crop up is, who is obliged to care for them and what rights do they have. It is an issue that has occupied the minds of regional and police authorities from the 16th century onwards and the legal aspects of which became increasingly more regulated with the advent of legal absolutism. With it, the forcible relocation of the poor and other marginalised segments of the population back to the place or municipality of their birth also became more regulated. In Austria-Hungary, the forcible removals and relocations carried out by the police, previously regulated by various and numerous laws and decrees, were governed by the State Law passed in 1871. Furthermore, the Provincial Law of 1873 appointed the municipalities in which relocation stations were located as authorities with jurisdiction through referral of legislative powers for all matters pertaining to relocation. One of these municipalities was also located in Kranj, where the preserved archival material includes, amongst other things, the complete expulsion protocols for 1876-1881 as well as other expulsion-related material which shows how these forcible removals proceeded, who the relocated persons were and where they came from, as well as details such as the cost and organisation of such proceedings.Revežev oblasti že od nekdaj niso marale, čeprav brez njih tudi bogatih ne bi bilo. Vedno se je pojavljalo vprašanje, kdo je dolžan skrbeti zanje, kakšne pravice sploh imajo. S tem vprašanjem so se ukvarjali deželni in policijski redi že od 16 st. dalje, z nastopom pravnega absolutizma pa je postajalo pravno vedno bolj urejeno. Odganjanje revežev in ostalih obrobnežev v domače kraje (domovinske občine) je postajalo vedno bolj urejeno. V Avstro-Ogrski je bila ureditev policijske odprave in odgonskih stvari, ki so jih prej urejali različni in številni zakoni in odredbe, urejena z državnim zakonom leta 1871. Deželni zakon iz leta 1873 pa je določal odgonskopostajne občine kot odgonske oblasti s prenesenim delovanjem. Ena odgonskih občin je bila tudi v Kranju, kjer so so v arhivskem gradivu ohranili med drugim odgonski protokoli strnjeno za leta 1876-1881, ter tudi drugo odgonsko gradivo, ki nam lahko predstavi, kako je odgon potekal, kdo in od kod so bili gnanci, kakšni so bili stroški, organizacija itd
Dve za s sabo: Aleš Stopar: Stari grad Celje Rolanda Fugger Germadnik: K zvezdam in nazaj: Ob 550-letnici smrti poslednjega grofa Celjskega
No full textKdor te sreča, naj te sune, če ti more, v zobe plune: Dragotin Dežman in slovenstvo
No full textThe predominant opinion in Slovenian historiography has it that Dragotin Dežman broke with Slovenian-ness for liberal reasons. The author thinks other reasons were decisive for his desertion – particularly his opposition to the (Yugo) slav orientation of Slovene politics. Until his death Dežman remained a sharp critic of Slovenians imitating the policy of the Czechs, and he believed political and cultural linkage with the Croats was a civilizational step backwards. His view was shared by many. The position on the Yugoslav question had considerable influence on the process of national differentiation of the citizenry.V slovenskem zgodovinopisju prevladuje mnenje, da je Dragotin Dežman prelomil s slovenstvom iz liberalnih razlogov. Avtor meni, da so bili za njegov odpad odločilni drugi razlogi – predvsem njegovo nasprotovanje (jugo)slovanski orientaciji slovenske politike. Vse do svoje smrti je odločno kritiziral slovensko posnemanje politike Čehov in kulturno in politično povezovanje s Hrvati označeval za civilizacijski korak nazaj. V svojem stališču ni bil osamljen. Odnos do jugoslovanskega vprašanja je pomembno vplival na proces nacionalne diferenciacije meščanstva
»Ako ste primorani, idite v javno gostilnico, ki je na dobrem glasu«: Vedenje v gostilnah glede na bontone 19. in začetka 20. stoletja
No full textFor townspeople frequenting public houses and coffee shops represented one of the most characteristic forms of social life in the 19th century. For this reason this was a common subject of books on etiquette rules in the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. Their authors, mostly Catholic moralists, advised townspeople to go only to public houses that enjoyed a good reputation and only on special occasions. They taught the guests and publicans how to behave there. Women, in particular, were warned about what to wear on public premises and when they were allowed to visit them in the first place. Unlike churches, public houses teemed with various threats to an individual’s purity. It was particular public houses of a lower rank, the obscure taverns and dives, that featured a lively intoxicated life, which often resulted in scuffles and fights, gambling and indecent dancing.Obiskovanje gostiln in kavarn je bilo v vsakdanjem življenju meščanov 19. stoletja ena od najznačilnejših oblik družabnega življenja. Zato je bila pogosto tudi predmet bontonov 19. in začetka 20. stoletja. Njihovi avtorji, v glavnem katoliški moralisti, so meščanom priporočali le obisk uglednejših gostiln in le ob določenih priložnostih. Poučevali so jih, kako se v njih vedejo gostje in kako gostilničarji, še posebej ženske pa so opozarjali, kako se je potrebno obleči za v javen lokal, in kdaj jim je tja sploh dovoljeno iti. Gostilne so bile, v nasprotju s cerkvijo, namreč polne najrazličnejših nevarnosti za posameznikovo čistost. Zlasti v gostilnah nižje vrste, v zakotnih krčmah in beznicah, se je odigravalo pestro pijansko življenje, ki je vodilo v pogoste izgrede in pretepe, v hazarderstvo in nespodoben ples
Zgodovini.ce, sedmič: Filip Čuček, Uspehi spodnještajerskih Slovencev v Taafejevi vladi: gospodarske, socialne, kulturne in politične razmere na Spodnjem Štajerskem v času Taaffejeve vlade (1879-1893)
No full text»Der Hudič ist hier zu Hause« – med uboštvom, glasbo, portreti neznanih prednikov, shizofrenijo in evtanazijo: Usode zadnjih Valvasorjevih potomcev na Slovenskem v prvi polovici 20. stoletja in njihova kulturno-umetnostna zapuščina
No full textThe article deals with four different destinies among families of the last four descendants of the Carniolan polymath J. V. Valvasor (1641–1693). These families lived on the territory of Slovenia (his descendants live abroad even today) until 1941. Their common feature was that none had any descendants, none spoke Slovene as their mother tongue and that probably none was aware they were related to Valvasor. Their stories are quite decadent at first sight. They feature destinies of people from the most turbulent century in recent human history, who also happened to live in one of the bloodiest parts of Central Europe. It would be difficult to find a more assorted group of people, who, with the exception of geographical origin, had only one common denominator: the same predecessor, Von Dienersperg, who was Valvasor’s only grandson out of 13 who had legitimate descendants. More attention is dedicated to two individuals in particular among the eight last “Slovene Valvasorians”: the composer Rudolf Weis-Ostborn, the only one to make regional history, and the unfortunate victim of Nazi euthanasia, Karl Mayer, who left behind the highest number of personal accounts. Other people’s life stories are also of interest, from the point of view of both their characteristics and the way they aroused scholarly interest. Finally, the story features a unique trove of manuscripts and a collection of ancestral portraits that were a mystery even to their owners, the Kofler family from Kog pri Ormožu, who knew not whom they represented nor how important they could become one day in shedding light on Valvasor’s “unknown” posterity.Razprava obravnava raznolike usode štirih družin zadnjih potomcev kranjskega polihistorja J. V. Valvasorja (1641–1693), ki so prebivali na slovenskih tleh (v tujini živijo potomci še danes), in sicer v prvi polovici 20. stoletja, do leta 1941. Vsem je skupno, da so umrli brez potomstva, da slovenščina nikomur ni bila materni jezik in da najbrž nihče ni vedel za sorodstvo z Valvasorjem. Njihove zgodbe so na pogled precej dekadentne. Gre za skupek usod ljudi v najbolj nemirnem stoletju novejše človeške zgodovine, ki so se za povrh znašli na enem najbolj krvavih koščkov Srednje Evrope. Težko bi našli bolj pisano druščino oseb, te pa imajo poleg geografskega prostora en sam skupni imenovalec: skupne prednike, konkretno edinega od trinajstih Valvasorjevih pravnukov pl. Dienerspergov, za katerim so ostali legitimni potomci. Več pozornosti je posvečene dvema od osmerice zadnjih »slovenskih valvasorjevcev«: skladatelju Rudolfu Weis-Ostbornu, ki se je edini zapisal v regionalno zgodovino, ter nesrečni žrtvi nacistične evtanazije Karlu Mayerju, za katerim je ostalo največ osebnih pričevanj. Z drugih zornih kotov so zanimive življenjske usode preostalih oseb, pri nekaterih tudi raziskovalna pot, kako jih je bilo sploh mogoče odkriti. In končno so imeli čisto posebno usodo rokopisni spomini in zbirka portretov prednikov, za katere niti njihovi lastniki Koflerjevi s Koga pri Ormožu niso vedeli, koga vse predstavljajo in kako dragoceni utegnejo biti nekega dne za spoznavanje Valvasorjevega »neznanega« potomstva
Slovanski vojaki, tihotapci, žene in še kaj v obdobju novega veka v luči furlanske historiografije
No full textThe article offers an insight into a certain period of the modern era in the lives of the Slovenian-speaking population of the western Slovenian territory, as reflected in historical documents from this era in the Friuli region. The Late Middle Ages and Modern Period Slavs feature in the Friuli historical record, mostly in connection with individual feuds, wars or invasions and are presented as active participants in armed conflicts, while Slovenian women even feature as cold-blooded avengers. The Slovenian population is also mentioned with respect to the weekly market in Čedad (Cividale del Friuli) and trading in the capital of Friuli. Overall, however, the data about the Slavs is scarce, despite the high number of Friuli historical documents, which results from the perception of Slavs in the wider Friuli region as a domestic population who happened to speak a “Slavic” language.Prispevek ponuja vpogled v določeno novoveško dogajanje, v katerega so bili vpleteni slovensko govoreči prebivalci zahodnega slovenskega ozemlja in ki nam ga razkrivajo historiografski spisi, ki so nastali v obdobju novega veka na območju Furlanije. Poznosrednjeveški in novoveški Slovani nastopajo v furlanski historiografiji večinoma v povezavi s posameznimi fajdami, vojnami ali vpadi in se razkrivajo kot aktivni udeleženci v vojnem dogajanju, slovanske ženske pa celo kot hladnokrvne maščevalke. Slovansko prebivalstvo pa se omenja tudi v zvezi obiskovanjem čedajskega tedenskega sejma in trgovanja v glavnem furlanskem mestu. V celoti gledano, pa je glede na veliko število furlanskih historiografskih del podatkov o Slovanih malo, na kar je vplivalo dojemanje Slovanov, ki so prebivali na širšem furlanskem ozemlju, kot domačega prebivalstva, ki zgolj govori »slovanski« jezik