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Jegličeva skrb za narod in njegovo nravnost
No full textIn his article, the author deals with an incident caused by Anton Bonaventura Jeglič, the Bishop of Ljubljana, who already in the first year of his service, spurred by his concern for the people and their morality, bought up the greater part of all copies of Cankar\u27s collection of poems »Erotika« upon publication of the book and burnt them all. The author describes the responses to this deed in the society of late 19,h century Slovenia and tries to shed light on what motivated the Bishop to take such drastic action. The article is based on archival sources, i.e. Jeglič\u27s diary, kept in the form of a transcript in the Archives of the Republic of Slovenia, and the fond of Anton Bonaventura Jeglič, kept in the Archbishopric Archive in Ljubljana.V razpravi avtor raziskuje dejanje ljubljanskega škofa Antona Donaventure Jegliča, ki je že v prvem letu svojega škofovanja v skrbi za narod in njegovo nravnost odkupil večino Cankarjeve pesniške zbirke Erotike in jo zažgal. Avtor opiše odmeve na dejanje v družbi konec 19. stoletja in poskuša razjasniti vzgibe, ki so škofa privedli do odločitve za takšno drastično potezo. Delo je temeljilo na arhivskih virih. To sta Jegličev dnevnik, ki ga v prepisu hranijo v Arhivu Slovenije in fond Antona Bonaventure Jegliča, ki ga hranijo v Nadškofijskem arhivu v Ljubljani
Kvaren in umazan tisk: Zavzemanje za »boljši« tisk pred prvo svetovno vojno
No full textBlaming the novel and other »inappropriate« literature as one of the main factors contributing towards the corruption of Slovenia\u27s youth was a constant amongst the moralists and their efforts to keep the nature of the general public pure. In the second half of the 19th century, printed matter of all genres became far more readily available to the population. The moralists saw this as a potential problem – particularly in the case of penny-dreadfuls and other forms of light reading, which held the fascination of a large number of readers. Their main objection was that such works roused the imagination of the readers far too much and corrupted their morals, as, in their opinion, such literature popularised relationships without any proper objective backgrounds and decent intent. The treatment of delicate moral issues in the works that were accessible to the greater public was also considered undesirable in »serious« literature and elicited a negative response from the majority of the critics – not just the moralists. The moralists appealed to the national authorities to provide them with assistance in controlling the content of all such publications. However, the authorities were concerned primarily with violations of a political nature, and since this was where their primary focus lay, relatively few works that were the subject of such debates can be found amongst the confiscated printed matter kept by the Public Prosecutor\u27s Office.Pojmovanje romana in drugega neprimernega leposlovja kot enega izmed krivcev za pohujšanje mladine je bila stalnica pri moralistih in njihovih prizadevanjih za nravno čistost prebivalstva. V drugi polovici 19. stoletja se je tisk vseh zvrsti precej razširil med prebivalstvom. Moralisti so poseben problem videli v šundu in ostali trivialni literaturi, ki je omrežila mnogo bralcev. Ocenjevali so, da preveč razvnema domišljijo bralcev in da jih zavaja v pohujšanje, saj popularizira razmerje, ki je brez objektivnega ozadja in realnega namena. Obravnava spornih, moralno občutljivih tem v delih, ki so bila dostopna širši javnosti, pa je bila nezaželena tudi v okviru »resne« literature in je pri večini kritikov naletela na negativen odziv. Moralisti so iskali pomoči za nadzor pri državnih oblasteh, vendar so te pozornost posvečale predvsem prekrškom, ki so bili politične narave, zato je med ohranjenim zaplenjenim tiskovnim gradivom Državnega pravdništva najti relativno malo spisov z obravnavano tematiko
»Enbot je bilo težko, ma lepo«: Ekonomija istrskega podeželja med tradicijo in modernizacijo na primeru vasi Rakitovec v 1. polovici 20. stoletja
No full textThe article discusses the economics of the Istrian countryside based on a case study of the village of Rakitovec during the first half of the 20th century, with particular emphasis on the activities of agriculture and animal husbandry. The study took shape based on oral testimonies of the witnesses of those times. Agriculture of the extensive type was the primary industrial activity on the edge of Slovenian Istria in the first half of the 20th century. The fields were tilled by hand with the use of simple technology. Small-scale family holdings measuring 3 hectares on average were the predominant type of property. Owned by one family, they sufficed only to meet the needs of the family members. Trade of a limited scope was done in the markets of the nearby towns with items such as hay, eggs, milk, wool, sheep\u27s milk cheese, lambs, etc., while more extensive trading took place in the Trieste marketplace. From the above, we can conclude that the economy of Rakitovec still showed many of the characteristics of a pre-industrial agricultural economy, and could also be termed a subsistence economy. This means that, despite the relatively close proximity of Trieste, the traditional social and economical patterns of survival remained alive in Istria well into the 20th century. Its inhabitants only began changing them after WWII, when the Communist authorities began to forcefully introduce changes into the traditional social structures of the Istrians.Raziskava je nastala na osnovi ustnih pričevanj akterjev tistega časa. Kmetovanje je bilo v prvi polovici 20. st. na robu slovenske Istre poglavitna gospodarska panoga, a je imelo ekstenzivno naravo. Zemljo so obdelovali ročno s preprosto tehnologijo. Prevladovala je mala družinska posest s povprečno 3 ha. Bila je bila v lasti družine in je zadovoljevala zgolj njene potrebe. Trgovali so v zelo omejenem obsegu, in sicer s senom, jajci, mlekom, volno, ovčjim sirom, jagnjeti idr. na sejmih v bližnjih mestih, predvsem pa na trgu v Trstu. Iz navedenega lahko sklepamo, da je imela ekonomija Rakitovca še veliko značilnosti predindustrijske kmečke ekonomije, ki jo lahko imenujemo tudi ekonomija preživetja. To pomeni, da so se v Istri kljub bližini Trsta obdržali tradicionalni družbeni in ekonomski vzorci preživetja še dolgo v 20. stoletje in so jih začeli spreminjati šele po drugi svetovni vojni, ko je komunistična oblast nasilno posegla v tradicionalne družbene strukture Istranov
Peklenski stroj v monakovskem vozu: Ustaški terorizem in njegova slovenska žrtev
No full textThe most determined opposition to the dictatorship of King Alexander and his authoritarian regime was offered by two rather weak and in many ways marginal political groups - i.e. movements - from the two diametrically opposed poles of the Yugoslav political spectrum: the Internationalist communists from the far left wing and the Croatian nationalists from the far right wing of Croatian politics. While the communist »uprising« was thoroughly nipped in the bud, the Ustash movement with its terrorist actions proved to be far more dangerous, successful and ruthless. One of the most resounding - and most bloody - diversions carried out by the Ustash was an explosion on the Munich-Belgrade train on 2 August, 1931, which claimed the lives of three innocent victims. Amongst them was also Janko Lešničar, a prominent liberal politician, journalist and expert in the field of economics from Celje.Diktaturi kralja Aleksandra in njenemu avtoritarnemu režimu sta se najodločneje uprli dve, dokaj šibki in z večih vidikov marginalni politični skupini oz. gibanji s skrajnih polov jugoslovanskega političnega spektra, internacionalistični komunisti s skrajne levice ter hrvaški nacionalisti z najbolj desne strani hrvaške politike. Medtem ko je bila komunistična »vstaja« v kali zatrta, je bilo ustaško gibanje s svojimi terorističnimi akcijami dosti nevarnejše, uspešnejše in brezobzirnejše. Ena najodmevnejših in najbolj krvavih diverzij, ki so jo izvedli ustaši, je bila eksplozija na vlaku München-Beograd, 2. avgusta 1931, v kateri so življenje izgubile tri nedolžne žrtve. Med njimi tudi Janko Lešničar, ugledni celjski liberalni politik, novinar in gospodarstvenik
Sramežljivost kot branik pred »nečistim« v družbi 19. stoletja
No full textBashfulness was that inner sense that was supposed to enable each individual to meet the strict demands of morality. It was also the sense that should create a distance from “forbidden feelings”, the threshold at which man would start to feel discomfort and disgust. Bashfulness therefore had to ensure fear of God, of society and of other authorities. What formed a heavy burden on the minds of Christian moralists in Slovenia was the fact that bashfulness was spread unevenly among people of different social strata and also that it was not mandatory. Ever greater circulation of modern-world conveniences, like, for example, increased mobility because of the railway, higher literacy and easier access to newspapers and literature, resulted in a general concern about the morals of the rural population. An important turn in the public debate (or the lack thereof) about sexuality in Slovene newspapers is closely related to the strained relations between the two political parties. The liberals were particularly keen to attack the proverbial moral purity of the Catholic party and its members.Sramežljivost je bila tisti notranji čut človeka, ki bi posamezniku moral omogočiti, da izpolni stroge zahteve morale. Bila je tudi tisti čut, ki naj do »prepovedanih občutkov« vzpostavi distanco, prag, ob katerem naj človek začuti mučnost in odvratnost. Sramežljivost je potemtakem morala zagotoviti strah pred Bogom, pred družbo in pred drugimi avtoritetami. Krščanske moraliste na Slovenskem je težilo, da sramežljivost med prebivalstvom različnih slojev ni enakomerno razširjena in tudi ne zahtevana. Vedno večja razširjenost pritiklin modernega sveta, kot so večja mobilnost ljudi zaradi železnice, večja pismenost ter vse boljši in lažji dostop do časopisja in literature, so sprožili splošno zaskrbljenost nad nravnim stanjem podeželskega prebivalstva. Pomembna sprememba v javni obravnavi spolnosti (oziroma njeni neobravnavi) je v časopisju na Slovenskem povezana z zaostritvijo odnosov med političnima strankama. Liberalci so še posebno radi napadali prislovično nravstveno čistost katoliške stranke in njenih pripadnikov
Nekaj drobcev iz življenja Romov na Slovenskem
No full textNekaj drobcev iz življenja Romov na Slovenske