INZ Open Journal Systems (Institute of Contemporary History)
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Življenje, kot ga je pisala dota: Vloga poročnih prejemkov v življenju kranjskega in slovenještajerskega plemstva v 14. stoletju
No full textIn his article, the author discusses the wedding gifts received by husbands and wives of the nobility (German: Mitgift, Morgengabe, Widerlage, Verbesserung). The article encompasses the land of Carniola as well as the part of Styria which is today a part of Slovenia, during the time from about 1280 to 1410. Provisions of the law, actual transactions involving wedding gifts, exceptions and rules, are discussed in detail. The author attempts to determine, the rank and status of the nobility according to the value of the gifts received. The main historical sources are documents typical of the late Middle Ages.V razpravi se avtor ukvarja s problematiko materialnih prejemkov plemstva, ki sta jih dobila mož in žena ob poroki (dota, jutrna zaženilo, izboljšava). Obravnavano časovno obdobje sega od ok. 1280 do 1410, prostorski okvir pa zajema deželo Kranjsko in tisti del Štajerske, ki sodi danes v Slovenijo. Podrobneje so obdelana pravna določila, dejansko poslovanje s poročnimi prejemki, posebnosti, pravila. Podan je poskus statusnega rangiranja plemstva s pomočjo višine prejemkov. Temeljni vir so tipične poznosrednjeveške listine
Knezi Windisch-Grätz v 19. in 20.stoletju - Hannes Stekl, Marija Wakounig, Windisch-Graetz: Ein Fürstenhaus im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert
No full textKnezi Windisch-Grätz v 19. in 20.stoletju
Hannes Stekl, Marija Wakounig, Windisch-Graetz: Ein Fürstenhaus im 19. und 20. Jahrhunder
Obesiti za pete in scvreti nad ognjem: Slovenci in Habsburška monarhija (1848-1918)
No full textThe author deals with the attitude of the Slovenes towards the Habsburg monarchy in the period 1848-1918. Although the Slovenes were not at all satisfied at the time with the Austrian monarchy, most of the Slovenian politicians were nonetheless pro-Austrian oriented until 1918. After the fall of the monarchy in 1918, however, the majority of the Slovene politicians entered into a veritable competition as to who would get more credit for freeing the Slovene people from the "prison of nations".Avtor obravnava odnos Slovencev do habsburške monarhije v letih 1848-1918. Vse do leta 1918 je bila večina Slovencev avstrijsko orientirana, čeprav z avstrijsko monarhijo, kakršna je bila, ni bila zadovoljna. Po razpadu monarhije leta 1918 pa je večina slovenskih politikov kar tekmovala, kdo si bo pripisal več zaslug za slovensko rešitev iz "ječe narodov"
Ej ko goltneš do tu-le, udari po konjih! O avtohtonističnih in podobnih teorijah pri Slovencih in na Slovenskem
No full textA number of the numerous autochthonal theories which emerged regularly amongst the Slovenes from the time of Romanticism and national revival in the 19th century onwards, attempted to prove that the origins of the Slovenes as a people can be traced back to prehistoric times and that they settled the territory of present-day Slovenia already in those remote times. Such theories give very simple interpretations of history, using it as a means of national reawakening and affirmation. By trying to create an image of national history which never existed, they create a historical myth. Thus critics have had little difficulty in demonstrating how weak and unfounded these theories areAvtohtonistične teorije, ki se pri Slovencih vedno znova pojavljajo od časa romantike in narodnega preporoda v 19. stoletju naprej, so skušale dokazovati, da imajo Slovenci svoj izvor že v prazgodovini in da so že v tistem času poseljevali prostor, v katerem danes živijo. Zgodovino razumejo zelo poenostavljeno, v glavnem jim služi kot sredstvo narodne prebuje oz. afirmacije in s tem, ko hočejo nacionalni zgodovini naslikati podobo, ki je ta ni imela, ustvarjajo zgodovinski mit. Kritiki ni bilo težko pokazati na šibkost in nevzdržnost teh teori
"Butale so vas, pa ji pravijo mesto": Butalstvo spodnjekranjske purgarije v predrazsvetljenski dobi
No full textThe author paraphrases humorous stories by Fran Milčinski about the inhabitants of Butale, a fictitious small town famous its foolish behaviour, and tries to find similarities with eight real small towns in Slovenia in the pre-Enlightenment period. The activities of the inhabitants of Butale, as described by Fran Milčinski, are similar to those of these eight economically declining, predominantly rural settlements whose inhabitants, despite their obvious unimportance, tried hard to establish their distain for their rural surroundings.Avtor parafrizira šaljive zgodbe Frana Milčinskega o Butalcih, nespametnih prebivalcih izmišljenega mesteca, in išče vzporednice z osmimi slovenskimi mesteci v predrazsvetljenski dobi. Literarni Butalci se nasplošno dobro prilegajo dogodkom in procesom v gospodarsko propadajočih, pretežno ruralnih naseljih z naslovom mesta, ter njihovim prebivalcem, ki so se ob vsej svoji malopomembnosti toliko bolj trudili odstopati od podeželske okolice
Izseljevanje skozi oči (in duše) izseljencev: Marjan Drnovšek: Usodna privlačnost Amerike: Pričevanja izseljencev o prvih stikih z novim svetom
No full textMilan Hodža in Srednja Evropa
No full textMilan Hodža velja za nedvomno najpomembnejšega slovaškega politika v prvi polovici 20. stoletja. Bil je poslanec že v ogrskem parlamentu, svoj politični vrhunec pa je dosegel v 1. ČSR, ko je bil med ostalim tudi edini nečeški predsednik vlade. S svojim političnim razmišljanjem in delovanjem je presegel meje matične domovine ter veljal za vodilnega predstavnika evropske agrarne demokracije. Velik del svoje aktivnosti je namenjal ureditvi razmer v Srednji Evropi ter povezovanju in skupnemu nastopu njenih narodov, v čemer je videl ključ do umiritve napetosti in Evropi nujno potrebnega geopolitičnega ravnovesja. Njegove zamisli o srednjeevropski federaciji so naletele na somišljenike tudi v Sloveniji, saj je denimo Edvard Kocbek v temeljnih vprašanjih v celoti delil Hodževo vizijo bodočega srednjeevropskega ustroja.Milan Hodža was, without doubt, the most prominent Slovakian politican in the first half of the 20th century. Beginning as a delegate to the Hungarian Parliament, his political career reached its peak during the first Czechoslovakian Republic in which he held several functions, including that of the only prime minister not of Czech nationality. His political insights and actions by far exceeded the borders of his homeland and earned him renown as the leading representative of agrarian reform in Europe. A great part of his activities were devoted to promoting good relations and ties amongst the countries in Central Europe, encouraging them to take unified political action, as he saw in this the key to alleviating political tension and to achieving the much required geopolitical balance in Europe at that time. His ideas of a supported the main points of Hodža´s vision of the future shape of Central Europe
"Čujte Slovenci! Čujte Slovani! Nad Balkanom se daní."
No full textIn addition to the newspapers Novice (1843-1902), Slovenec (1873-1945), Slovenski Narod (1868-1943) and others, Slovene readers were informed about the 1875-1878 uprising in Bosnia and Hercegovina, the 1877-1878 Russian-Turkish war, and the 1878 Berlin Congress by the satirical paper Brencelj (1868-1875,1877-1886), which was edited by Jakob Alešovec (1842-1901), a writer, playwright, publisher and newspaper reporter. The caricatures drawn in Tlie Brencelj by a theology student Franc (Frančišek) Zorec (1854-1930), represent one of the rare Slovene artistic responses to the events in the Balkans. Others are Jurij Šubic\u27s (1855-1890) illustrations, based on the epic and lyrical poems in the cycle Raja written by Josip Stritar (1836-1923).Poleg časnikov Novic (1843-1902), Slovenca (1873-1945), Slovenskega naroda (1868-1943) idr. je slovenske bralce o vstaji v Bosni in Hercegovini v letih 1875-1878, rusko-turški vojni iz let 1877-1878 in Berlinskem kongresu iz leta 1878 obveščal tudi satirični list Brencelj (1868-1875, 1877-1886), ki ga je urejal pisatelj, dramatik, publicist in časnikar Jakob Alešovec (1842-1901). Karikature v Brenclju, ki jih je risal študent bogoslovje Franc (Frančišek) Zorec (1854-1930), predstavljajo redke slovenske likovne odmeve na dogodke na Balkanu, med katerimi velja omeniti ilustracije Jurija Šubica (1855-1890), ki so nastale na temo epsko-lirskih pesmi iz cikla Raja Josipa Stritarja (1836-1923)
Sabljanje v elizabetinski Angliji
No full textSword-shaped weapons have been known to mankind as far back as the Bronze Age and the Iron Age and were used in Ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome. In addition to being a weapon, the sword is also a symbol of war, justice, military skill and honour. In the 16th century, when the sword lost its supremacy in military conflicts, the first real distinctions between competing and practice sparring, as opposed to life and death fights developed. Towards the end of the 15* century, non-military fencing "corporations" such as "Marxbrüder" and "Federfechten" began to emerge in Germany. These corporations opened schools and organised bouts at which their students demonstrated their skills. In Italy at this time, the fundamental principles that form the basis for contemporary European fencing had already evolved and were applied in all schools. European soldiers, knights, and even burghers learned and practiced forms of self-defence using a combination of longer and shorter weapons and very effective elements of wrestling, pugilism, throwing techniques and kicks. The Elizabethan age brought a great revolution in weaponry and the distinction between military hand-to-hand combat and the art of fencing became increasingly apparent. The final goal, however, remained the same: to score a hit and to avoid taking a hit in the process - which is still also the main aim in contemporary sport fencing halls today. Elizabethan England was a paradise for fencing enthusiasts: there was an abundance of schools of various styles run by Masters, with a whole range of different weapons at their disposal, and in addition to this, it was hardly likely that there would be a lack of opponents - who either fought of their own free will, or because circumstances had forced them to.Orožja v obliki meča so poznana že iz bronaste in železne dobe, prisotna so bila v starem Egiptu, antični Grčiji in antičnem Rimu. Meč je orožje, ki simbolizira vojno, pravico, vojaške veščine in čast. V 16. stoletju, ko je meč izgubil svojo funkcijo v vojaškem spopadu je prišlo tudi do prvih pravih razlik med vadbo in bojem ali tekmovanjem. Konec 15. stoletja so se v Nemčiji začele razvijati sabljaške nevojaške združbe kot Marxbrüder in Federfechten, ki so vodile sabljaške šole in predstavitvene turnirje. Zlasti v Italiji so se v tem času že uveljavila osnovna načela, ki so kasneje postala podlaga za moderno evropsko sabljanje. Evropski vojaki, vitezi in celo meščani so vadili samoobrambo s kombinacijami krajšega in daljšega orožja, z učinkovitimi elementi ruvanja, boksanja, metanja in brcanja. Elizabctinska doba je prinesla veliko revolucijo v orožju, razlikovanje med vojaškimi dvoboji ter sabljaško umetnostjo je postalo vedno bolj očitno, enak je ostal le še cilj - zadeti in ob tem ne biti zadet, kar je še dandanes osnovno načelo tudi športnega sabljanja. Elizabctinska Anglija je bila raj za sabljaške navdušence, dovolj je bilo šol različnih mojstrov, na voljo je bila množica raznolikega orožja, poleg tega pa skoraj ni bilo verjetno, da bi lahko zmanjkalo nasprotnikov, ki so to postali po lastnih željah ali zaradi okoliščin, ki so jih v dvoboj prisilile
"Vi mamca, po čem pa krompir daste?": Ljubljanska tržnica v Hribarjevi dobi
No full textUsing archival sources, the author depicts the open-air marketplace in Ljubljana from 1900-1910. When Ivan Hribar was Mayor of the city of Ljubljana, the open-air marketplace was moved to the site where the Lyceum Theatre once stood. It was during this time also that the thought of building a covered marketplace began to seem more viable and the plans for it were elaborated. In 1908 new ordinances governing trade in the open-air marketplace were passed, as the old regulations were becoming obsolete. The article also discusses the system and role of supervision of the marketplace - a topic indivisible from its everyday activities. This is followed by a more detailed account of the produce on sale at that time at the "Ljubljanska tržnica" or open-air marketplace and the author concludes by shedding some light on the problem of growing prices which began to make itself felt in that decade, and by which above all the lower and working classes were hit the hardest.Avtorica na osnovi arhivskih virov predstavi ljubljansko tržnico v času 1900-1910. V času županovanja Ivana Hribarja so tržni prostor preselili na mesto, na katerem je prej stal licej. V ta čas segajo tudi začetki razmišljanj o gradnji pokrite tržnice, za katero so tedaj celo že izdelali načrte. Leta 1908 so sprejeli nov tržni red, ker je bil stari že precej zastarel. V razpravi sta predstavljena tudi sistem in vloga tržnega nadzorstva, kar je z delovanjem trga neločljivo povezano. V nadaljevanju zvemo več o živilih, ki jih je v tistem času ponujal ljubljanski trg, nazadnje pa avtorica osvetli tudi problem draginje, ki se je začela kazati v tistem času in je prizadela predvsem nižje in delavske sloje