SAP Multidisciplinary Open (Journal)
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AI-Deep Learning Framework for Predicting Neuropsychiatric Outcomes Following Toxic Effects of Drugs on The Brain
Full text linkIntroduction: drug-induced neurotoxicity represents a significant clinical challenge, with neuropsychiatric complications affecting treatment outcomes and patient quality of life. Current predictive tools lack both accuracy and interpretability, limiting their clinical utility. Methods: We developed a hybrid CNN-LSTM deep learning framework with attention mechanisms, trained on multimodal clinical data including electronic health records, neuroimaging, and biomarker profiles. Model interpretability was achieved through SHAP value analysis, with performance evaluated via 5-fold cross-validation.Results: The model achieved 92 % accuracy (AUC-ROC 0,93), significantly outperforming traditional approaches. Key predictors included drug dosage (SHAP=0,15), treatment duration (SHAP=0,12), and age. High-risk subgroups (patients >60 years) showed 2,5× increased risk of cognitive decline (p<0,01).Conclusions: This interpretable AI framework enables precise, clinically actionable prediction of neuropsychiatric outcomes following drug-induced neurotoxicity, supporting personalized treatment decisions and risk mitigation strategies
Enhancing the Optimization of BI-LSTM Classifier with Ensemble Methods, Regularization, and Cross-Validation Techniques for Email Spam Detection
Full text linkEmail spam, a persistent and escalating issue, continues to disrupt the digital communication landscape, causing inconvenience and time loss for users worldwide. With technological advancements, spammers continually adapt and refine their tactics to infiltrate email inboxes. Staying current with state-of-the-art anti-spam techniques is imperative to secure emails and eliminate unwanted messages. Our research work embarks on an exploration of supercharging email spam detection through the augmentation of a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BI-LSTM) classifier. Our approach integrates ensemble methods, regularization techniques, and cross-validation into the fabric of the BI-LSTM model, creating a formidable spam detection system. Our paper delves into the intricate technical aspects of these methodologies, elucidating their synergy in fortifying the classifier\u27s performanc
Analysis of the Effectiveness and Safety of the Fentermine and Topiramate Association in Obesity: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Full text linkIntroduction: obesity is a chronic disease that can manifest itself at any stage of life, with an increasing incidence and prevalence, which contributes to other health problems.Objective: to determine the application of Phentermine and Topiramate in the treatment of obesity.Methods: a search for clinical trials and randomized controlled trials was conducted. The search was carried out exhaustively in the search engines/databases PubMed, Cachrane Library, Scopus, Google Scholar and Web of Science. Results: 21 studies were identified, of which 11 met the inclusion criteria. The evaluated research articles provided moderate evidence that the combination of Phentermine and Topiramate is effective and safe for the treatment of obesity. A gradual decrease in patients\u27 body weight was observed from the start of treatment and up to 20 weeks thereafter. In addition, notable secondary outcomes, such as changes in blood pressure, triglyceride levels, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) were found from the start of treatment.Conclusion: the doses of these drugs for chronic weight control in adults are 3,75 mg, 7,5 mg and 15 mg in the case of phentermine and 23 mg, 46 mg and 92 mg of topiramate, being the maximum recommended dose 15 mg/92 mg. If a 5 % weight loss is not achieved after 12 weeks with this dose, their use should be reconsidere
Overweight, Obesity and High Blood Pressure: Early Atherogenic Signs in Children Aged 3 to 7 Years
Full text linkIntroduction: Human atherosclerosis has been considered for centuries as one of the greatest predators of health, its distribution on the planet is so wide that it overwhelmingly surpasses any other pathological process and reaches epidemic proportions, both in economically developed populations and in the process of becoming so.Objective: To identify the presence of overweight, obesity and arterial hypertension as early signs of atherosclerosis in children aged 3-7 years.Methods: A descriptive-analytical cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out in 5 clinics of the "19 de abril" University Polyclinic, in the Plaza de la Revolución municipality, Havana City, during the period 2022-2023. The sample consisted of 152 children aged 3 to 7 years who met the inclusion criteria. The data were collected using the new model (AtecomR) and stored in an automated database in Microsoft Access. Statistical processing was performed using the SPSS statistical package, through a Toshiba Intel (R) Pentium IV microprocessor.Conclusion: This study constitutes a preamble for other investigations that address the problem of cardiovascular disease from the perspective of intrauterine life. The results have provided certain evidence, which, together with a review of the literature, has allowed us to propose the following conclusions. A high frequency of obesity, overweight and high blood pressure levels was identified in the study population. It was observed that in the obese and overweight group they had a tendency to increase with age, being higher their frequency between five and six years respectively. It was shown that overweight and obesity in children were factors for the presence of alterations in blood pressure
Transformations of youth life in the digital age: work, knowledge and subaltern identities
Full text linkIntroduction: The study examined the influence of digital technologies on the configuration of subjectivity and youth identities in Cuba. It started from the concept of “technologically encoded sociality” to analyze how digital capitalism transformed the perception of success and autonomy in youth. It addressed the relationship between the labor market, access to information, and the processes of domination/emancipation of subaltern identities.Development: The analysis included three main areas: the impact of digitization on youth employment, the circulation of knowledge and the transformation of subordinate identities. It became clear that young people faced job insecurity, despite the growth of digital opportunities. In terms of access to information, interaction on social networks and digital platforms changed the way young people consumed and generated knowledge, promoting new learning dynamics. The study also highlighted that self-help and entrepreneurship content influenced the perception of success, prioritizing economic growth and self-sufficiency over emotional stability.Conclusion: It was concluded that digital technologies reconfigured youth identity in Cuba, establishing new dynamics in the workplace, socially and affectively. However, it was noted that digitization did not operate neutrally, but was permeated by market logic, affecting the aspirations and behaviors of young people
The Influence of Digital Social Networks on Contemporary Cuban
Full text linkThe article addresses the relationship between digital social networks and democracy in the contemporary Cuban context. From a theoretical perspective, key concepts of democracy are explored, according to authors such as Plato, and contrasted with the Cuban political system. The arrival of information and communications technologies has profoundly modified social interaction, promoting the exercise of the right to freedom of expression. However, in the case of Cuba, this phenomenon represents a challenge for the government, which faces citizen discontent reflected in social networks and the proliferation of critical digital media. The Cuban sociopolitical situation, influenced by the US embargo, has generated uncertainty about the nature of its political system, described as totalitarian by some and democratic by others. Social networks have allowed citizens to express their dissatisfaction and organize themselves, as occurred in the protests of 2021. These platforms represent a new space for democratization and political participation, although they also pose challenges for the government, such as the management of disinformation and public criticism
Distribution of Dengue Serotypes in Argentina in the Last 2 Years
Full text linkIntroduction: dengue virus is transmitted mainly by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, and represents a public health problem worldwide, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. Objective: to determine the dengue serotypes circulating in Argentina.Methods: Epidemiological reports were evaluated retrospectively. Dengue surveillance data from the National Ministry of Health of the Argentine Republic during the period 2022 to 2024 were used for this purpose. Results: the serotypes circulating in Argentina during 2022-2023 were DenV-1 and DenV-2; during the 2024 outbreak, the DenV-3 serotype was introduced, with DenV-2 accounting for 57,41 %, DenV-1 for 42,40 % and DenV-3 for 0,19 %. Conclusion: the predominance of serotypes DENV-1 and DENV-2, and the introduction of serotype DENV-3 in 2024, increase the risk of sequential infections and severe forms of the disease, which emphasizes the need to implement effective strategies, between endemic and epidemic years, for vector control and to promote community awarenes
Systematic review of Pulmonary Manifestations by Thermophilic Actinomycetes: A Biological, Clinical and Pathological Analysis.
Full text linkBacterial species of the genus Thermoactiomyces are aerobic, Gram-positive, endospore-forming bacteria belonging to the order Bacillales. These bacteria are common in both indoor (as humidifiers) and outdoor (soil and pasture) environments, especially in agricultural settings. A notable characteristic of these bacteria is their ability to produce endospores containing dipicolinic acid, a component that confers resistance to high temperatures and desiccation conditions when grown on organic substrates, the associated pathophysiological process begins when the spores are inhaled and reach the pulmonary alveoli. There, a cell-mediated immune response is triggered, particularly through the activation of T lymphocytes and the release of proinflammatory cytokines. This inflammatory response can lead to lung diseases such as hypersensitivity pneumonitis, characterized by symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath and fever, associated with exposure to these microorganisms.To analyze the biological and pathophysiological characteristics of bacteria of the Thermoactiomyces genus and their relationship with the development of lung diseases, particularly hypersensitivity pneumonitis, in order to understand the immune response mechanisms and their impact on human health in agricultural and occupational environments
Impact of internal combustion engine overheating on lubricant oil degradation in a 2011 MAZDA bt50 vehicle
Full text linkIntroduction: overheating of an internal combustion engine is a common problem that can cause deterioration of the lubricating oil, and overheating of internal combustion engines is a common problem in automobiles.Objective: to characterize aspects related to overheating of the internal combustion engine in a 2011 MAZDA bt50 vehicle.Method: a qualitative study was conducted to find out how overheating of an internal combustion engine affects the operation of radiators, coolant conductors and water conductors in a 2011 MAZDA bt50 vehicle.Results: it is important to note that engine temperature. An engine overheat can be harmful and lead to serious damage. Coolant is crucial to the cooling system. Many modern engines, including those of the Mazda BT-50, use multigrade oils. It is recommended to change the oil according to the recommended maintenance schedule.Conclusions: overheating of the combustion engine is a problem that significantly affects the operation of the engine, so proper maintenance is important, as well as an adequate cooling system to avoid power loss, increased fuel consumption and also overheating accelerates oil oxidation, loss of viscosity, formation of deposits and increased engine wea
Application of Artificial Intelligence for Diagnosing Tumors in the Female Reproductive System: A Systematic Review
Full text linkThe diagnosis of tumors in the female reproductive system is crucial for effective treatment and patient outcomes. The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) has introduced new possibilities for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. A comprehensive search across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles published from 2018 to 2023 on artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and convolutional neural networks (CNN) in diagnosing cancers of the female reproductive system yielded 15,900 articles. After a rigorous screening process excluding conference proceedings, book chapters, reports, non-English publications, and duplicates, 98 unique peer-reviewed journal articles remained. These were further assessed for relevance and quality, resulting in the final inclusion of 29 high-quality articles. The review includes a summary of various AI methodologies used, their diagnostic accuracy, and comparative performance against traditional diagnostic methods. The findings indicate a significant improvement in diagnostic precision and efficiency when AI is employed. AI holds substantial promise for enhancing the diagnosis of tumors in the female reproductive system. Future research should focus on larger-scale studies and the integration of AI into clinical workflows to fully realize its potentia