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Cogito, ergo sum: Inferência ou Performance?
Get PDFCOGITO, ERGO SUM como um problema. A fama (alguns prefeririam dizer a notoriedade) do dito cogito, ergo sum cria a expectativa de que a produção acadêmica tenha, há longa data, exaurido o que aí interessasse histórica ou tematicamente. Uma leitura da literatura relevante, contudo, falha em satisfazer essa expectativa. Depois de centenas de discussões sobre o famoso princípio de Descartes, nós ainda não parecemos ter um meio de expressar tal insight em termos que seriam geral e precisamente suficientes para capacitar-nos de julgar a validade ou a relevância das consequências que se desenham a partir disso. Trinta anos atrás, Heinrich Scholz escreveu que não permanecem muitas questões importantes, ainda não respondidas, direcionadas ao dito cartesiano, mas que permanecem importantes questões ainda não perguntadas. Mesmo depois de importantes escritos sobre o tema, a situação ainda parece essencialmente a mesma até hoje
The Redundant Avant-Garde: Walter Benjamin and the Intelligentsia in the Age of Its Disappearance
Get PDFThe Redundant Avant-Garde: Walter Benjamin and the Intelligentsia in the Age of Its Disappearance
Walter Benjamin had much to say about the intelligentsia, from vicious reviews such as ‘Left-Wing Melancholy’ to the more programmatic essays ‘Author as Producer’ and the Artwork essay. But while the specific allegiances, the ‘strategies’ in the literary battle, have been plotted with great precision, a larger debate in which these texts represent interventions has been passed over: the debate on the crisis of geistige Arbeit (intellectual labor). By re-inserting Benjamin’s intervention to this discussion, this article seeks to cast light on the philosopher’s different models for an effective politicized intelligentsia and explicate his final anti-intellectual position, i.e. that technological progress could lead to a general deskilling of artistic or cultural labor abolishing the mediation of the expert/intellectual. But the neutralization of the role of the intellectual would automatically lead to the end of the avant-garde. This is a surprising answer for a figure so closely tied to our notion of the avant-garde and a text which though it has come to pass as a manifesto of various avant-garde movements, it might had been originally destined to tell us something completely different
Resenha de "Freud: An Intellectual Biography", de Joel Whitebook
Get PDFResenha de Freud: An Intellectual Biography, de Joel Whitebook. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017. 492 p
Messianismo, linguagem e história em Benjamin: Resenha de Walter Benjamin: Melancolia e revolução (2019), de Maria João Cantinho
Get PDFTrata-se de uma resenha do livro de Maria João Cantinho, intitulado Walter Benjamin: Melancolia e Revolução (2019)
Rationality – Cultivation – Vitality: Simmel on the Pathologies of Modern Culture
Get PDFEste artigo reconstrói os escritos de Georg Simmel sobre o dinheiro e a modernidade com o objetivo de desenvolver um diagnóstico multi- facetado das patologias da cultura moderna. Tal reconstrução permite a distinção de três perspectivas, cada uma delas fundada em uma antropologia losó ca especí ca e apresentando uma avaliação diversa dos potenciais e dos aspectos problemáticos da vida moderna. Na obra de Simmel, as patologias da cultura são entendi- das como: (1) irracionais (da perspectiva da ação teleológica racional); (2) alienantes (da perspectiva do cultivo subjetivo); e (3) mecanicistas (da perspectiva da vitalidade transsubjetiva).This paper reconstructs Georg Simmel’s writings on money and modernity with a view to outlining a multi-layered diagnosis of the pathologies of modern culture. The resulting framework allows for the distinction of three different perspectives, each of them based on a speci c philosophical anthropology and presenting a distinctive assessment of the potentials and problematic features of modern life. In Simmel’s oeuvre, the pathologies of culture are understood as (1) irrational (from the perspective of rational teleological action); (2) alie- nating (from the perspective of subjective cultivation); and (3) mechanistic (from the perspective of trans-subjective vitality)
Simmel, Marx and the Radical Concept of Life:: A Hegelian Approach
Get PDFCanonical interpretations of Simmel’s work correctly place his sociology and philosophy under the neo-Kantian epistemological paradigm. Yet, it is often assumed that Simmel’s work operates solely at some unbridgeable distance from Marx and the latter’s Hegelian heritage. Simmel’s ‘Hegelianism’ is all too often held to repel synthesis in favor of ‘tragedy’. At best, Simmel’s metaphysics is seen as a skeptical opening of the Spirit to individuated forms of authentic ethical valuations. In this essay I shall argue instead that Simmel’s prolific, and often contradictory, writings invite affinities to the “Hegel-Marx” constellation of normativity. I will thus: a) briefly discuss Simmel’s relationism through a normative lens, with emphasis on the notion of ‘reciprocity’ (e.g. Papilloud) in modernity; b) consider Simmel’s category of Life from a Hegelian lens. Aided by Marcuse’s reading of Hegel I shall argue that Simmel’s critique of normativity is not as an outright rejection of ‘universality’ but, rather, as a claim to differentiate ‘universality’, mediating it with ‘individuality’, a project tied to modern life's disjunctive logic; c) argue that reclaiming the Marxian project of an emancipated ‘life’ as an anthropological and normative nexus, requires a reconsideration of a relational process of life, which, at the same time, recovers the ‘undifferentiated’ a priori of a life free of (surplus) alienation, a concept that sustains the normative force of Marx’s ‘universality’. Thus, Simmel’s ‘practical idealism’ (Leck) can potentially inform Marx’s emancipatory vision. So whilst it may still be premature to identify a systematic “Simmelian Marxism”, the roots of such a program lie not in debunking Simmel’s metaphysics of life but in critically recuperating the ‘regulative ideal’ of life’s movement, ‘free’ of coercion, alienation and moral fundamentalists of sorts.Canonical interpretations of Simmel’s work correctly place his sociology and philosophy under the neo-Kantian epistemological paradigm. Yet, it is often assumed that Simmel’s work operates solely at some unbridgeable distance from Marx and the latter’s Hegelian heritage. Simmel’s ‘Hegelianism’ is all too often held to repel synthesis in favor of ‘tragedy’. At best, Simmel’s metaphysics is seen as a skeptical opening of the Spirit to individuated forms of authentic ethical valuations. In this essay I shall argue instead that Simmel’s prolific, and often contradictory, writings invite affinities to the “Hegel-Marx” constellation of normativity. I will thus: a) briefly discuss Simmel’s relationism through a normative lens, with emphasis on the notion of ‘reciprocity’ (e.g. Papilloud) in modernity; b) consider Simmel’s category of Life from a Hegelian lens. Aided by Marcuse’s reading of Hegel I shall argue that Simmel’s critique of normativity is not as an outright rejection of ‘universality’ but, rather, as a claim to differentiate ‘universality’, mediating it with ‘individuality’, a project tied to modern life's disjunctive logic; c) argue that reclaiming the Marxian project of an emancipated ‘life’ as an anthropological and normative nexus, requires a reconsideration of a relational process of life, which, at the same time, recovers the ‘undifferentiated’ a priori of a life free of (surplus) alienation, a concept that sustains the normative force of Marx’s ‘universality’. Thus, Simmel’s ‘practical idealism’ (Leck) can potentially inform Marx’s emancipatory vision. So whilst it may still be premature to identify a systematic “Simmelian Marxism”, the roots of such a program lie not in debunking Simmel’s metaphysics of life but in critically recuperating the ‘regulative ideal’ of life’s movement, ‘free’ of coercion, alienation and moral fundamentalists of sorts
A transcendência da vida
Get PDFTradução, por Laura Luedy e Hyury Pinheiro, do primeiro capítulo do livro de Georg Simmel Lebensanschauung: Vier metaphysische Kapitel, de 1918.
Texto original: SIMMEL, G. "Erstes Kapitel: Die Transzendenz des Lebens". In: Lebensanschauung: Vier metaphysische Kapitel. Zweite Auflage. München, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, 1922 [1918]
O vestido de Benjamin: A moda no trabalho das Passagens: Resenha de Benjamin on Fashion (2020), de de Philipp Ekardt
Get PDFReview in portuguese language of the book "Benjamin on Fashion" (Londres: Bloomsbury Academic, 2020), written by Philipp Ekardt.Resenha do livro "Benjamin on Fashion" (Londres: Bloomsbury Academic, 2020), de Philipp Ekardt
Taming Montaigne In A Savage Era: Domesticando Montaigne em uma Era Selvagem
Get PDFO presente artigo tratará das circunstâncias e fenômenos culturais quelevaram à forma muito particular - econômica e comportamental - segundo a qualos franceses interagiram com os povos indígenas do Brasil. Uma confluência deduas condições tornou possível a cooperação entre os normandos e os ameríndios.Primeiramente, não podendo contar com o apoio constante da coroa francesa, osnormandos tiveram que lidar diretamente com as populações ameríndias, e paraisso, familiarizaram-se com suas culturas e línguas. Em segundo lugar, os tupinambáreconheceram que a força podia se acumular do comércio para além do grupoétnico. Esse ensaio vai refletir sobre as visões comuns de valor na guerra, defendidaspelos brasileiros e aparentes nos Essais de Montaigne. Montaigne opõe o valor àcrueldade, e mostra como a França, mediante os excessos das Guerras de religião,havia perdido o contato com o conceito de coragem, tão básico para o direito naturaltal como visto pelos tupinambá.
Palavras-chave : Montaigne, Essais, marinheiros normandos e bretões, Tupinambá,Guerras de religião na França, canibalismo, mercantilismoThis paper will focus on the circumstances and cultural phenomena whichled to the very particular way — economic and behavioral — in which the Frenchinteracted with the indigenous peoples of Brazil. A confluence of two conditionsmade it possible for the Normans and Amerindians to cooperate. First, not beingable to count on steady support from the French Crown, the Normans had to dealdirectly with the Amerindian populations, and to do so, became familiar with theircultures and languages. Second, the Tupinambá recognized that strength couldaccrue from trading beyond one’s ethnic group. This essay will reflect on commonviews of valor in warfare espoused by the Brazilians and apparent in Montaigne’sEssais. Montaigne opposes valor to cruelty and shows how France, through theexcesses of the Wars of Religion, had lost touch with the concept of courage, sobasic to natural law as viewed by the Tupinambá.
Keywords: Montaigne, Essais, Norman and Breton sailors, Tupinambá, FrenchWars of Religion, cannibalism, mercantilism
Sagesse e autoretrato dos Essais face à descoberta do Novo Mundo: Wisdom and autoportrait in the Essais in front of the New World
Get PDFThe article examines Montaigne’s ethos or sagesse from the often madetopos in the Essais of his contrast to the hybris ambitions of the century. It tries firstto define this sagesse in its general lines: in its distance from the tradition and in itsopposition to the ambition of contemporaries, both in the solitary life and in theactive life. The article then goes on to examine how this topos works in the contextof the discovery of the New World, or of the encounter with the “savages” as anextreme case that best develops the opposition of Montaigne and his century in itsethical and moral consequences. The occurrence of the same term designating indifferent contexts the ambition of the “commun des hommes” as a desire to embrasserall things, articulates here the essays De la Solitude, De ménager sa volonté and DesCannibales and reaffirms the importance of the topos in the general plan of the Essays.
Keywords : sagesse – constantia – cannibal – ambitions - autoportraitO artigo examina o ethos ou a sagesse de Montaigne a partir de toposfrequente nos Essais, de sua contraposição à hybris das ambições do século.Procura primeiro definir esta sagesse em suas linhas gerais, na sua distânciada tradição e na oposição à ambição dos contemporâneos na vida solitária e navida ativa. Em seguida passa ao exame de como este topos opera no contextoda descoberta do Novo Mundo, ou do encontro com os “selvagens”, como casoextremo que melhor desenvolve a contraposição entre Montaigne e seu século emsuas consequências éticas e morais. A ocorrência do mesmo termo designandoem contextos diferentes a ambição do “commun des hommes”, como desejo deembrasser todas as coisas, articula aqui os ensaios De la Solitude, De ménager savolonté e Des Cannibales e reafirma a importância do topos no plano geral dos Essais.
Palavras chaves : sagesse – constantia – canibal – ambições - autoretrat