Health Leadership and Quality of Life (Journal)
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Workplace Stress Management in Nursing: Addressing Burnout Syndrome and Psychosocial Factors
Full text linkIntroduction: Job stress was identified by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) as a relevant public health problem due to its negative impact on workers\u27 health and institutional performance. The prevalence of occupational stress is higher in developing countries, significantly affecting healthcare personnel, especially nurses, due to the nature of their work. Burnout Syndrome (BS) represents an extreme manifestation of chronic stress, characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and a perception of low personal fulfillment. This phenomenon deteriorates the physical and mental health of workers and reduces the quality of services provided.Development: Job stress arises as a response to the lack of control and ability to cope with constant work demands. Among the associated psychosocial factors are work overload, conflictive relationships and lack of institutional support, accentuated by individual conditions such as gender and seniority. Karasek\u27s Psychosocial Risk Model demonstrated that the balance between demands, control and social support is crucial to mitigate work stress. Modern institutions must address both structural and individual determinants to prevent SB and other harmful effects of stress.Conclusions: SB constitutes a critical problem in nursing, with implications for worker health and institutional efficiency. Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention strategies, together with the development of coping skills and the strengthening of institutional support, are essential. Comprehensive management of occupational stress not only improves the well-being of professionals, but also the quality and sustainability of the health care system
Level of work stress in teachers from several schools in the province of Santo Domingo
Full text linkIntroduction: Stress is a condition that is currently common in the workplace, being a physiological reaction to difficult or demanding situations.Objective: to determine the level of work stress in teachers from several schools in the province of Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, 2021Methods: quantitative, applied research, the sample consisted of 120 teachers from different schools who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria; the ED-6 scale was applied, which consisted of 6 dimensions and 27 questions related to anxiety, depression, pressure, discouragement, etc.Results: they indicated that stress is found in a high rate among teachers, correlating physiological responses, psychosocial and emotional factors to mental and physical demand, therefore, it was found that 39% of the respondents suffer from tension at work corresponding to the anxiety dimension, being only surpassed by the dimension of stress due to poor coping with a percentage of 51%.Conclusions: teachers have normal stress levels due to anxiety and poor coping, and low levels due to depression, maladaptive beliefs, pressures and demotivation. Although stress can affect their adaptation to changes, the work environment is positive, which suggests that it does not significantly impact their performance or general well-being
Endocrine Disorders Associated with Obesity: Cushing\u27s syndrome and Hypothyroidism
No full textObesity has been related to a wide range of endocrine disorders, from common ones including ovarian syndrome and hypothyroidism to unusual ones like Cushing\u27s syndrome (CS), hypothyroidism, and hypothalamic abnormalities. Obesity can arise via a variety of endocrine disorders using several mechanisms. Multiple tissues accumulate hyaluronic acid, which causes greater fluid retention as a result of reduced thermogenesis and lower cardiac output, both of which are signs of hypothyroidism. The pathophysiology of obesity in polycystic ovarian syndrome is the unclear since it\u27s possible that obesity both contributes to and harms polycystic ovarian syndrome. Net androgen excess seems to have a significant impact on the development of central adiposity. The interaction between thyroid and growth hormones, together with increased adipocyte differentiation and adiposity, is important in Cushing\u27s illness. Additional peculiar situations are also examined in the research, such as hypothalamic obesity brought on by a concomitant hormonal deficiency and central hypothyroidism
Exploring the Psychosocial Issues in Brain Cancer Patients during Initial Treatment Stages
Full text linkIntroduction: Brain cancer patients suffer severe damage and deterioration to their mental and emotional well-being, which leads to various psychosocial concerns such as isolation, hopelessness, and fear. This process of diagnosing and providing treatment generates more such tensions by intruding into the patients’ support mechanisms and management techniques. To investigate the patient’s brain cancer with psychosocial issues during the early stages of treatment. It attempts to identify factors such as psychological, social, and emotional domains that could hinder their overall well-being and response to treatment.
Methods: Data was collected from 60 patients with brain cancer using a validated psychometric survey at baseline and follow-up for their psychosocial experiences during initial treatment. In the early stages of their therapy, brain cancer patients have their anxiety levels, depression levels, quality of life, social support, and coping strategies evaluated. The analysis was conducted by using SPSS software, incorporating descriptive statistics, the t-tests for independent samples and multiple linear regressions to evaluate demographic differences and predictors of psychosocial outcomes.
Result: The research highlights the influence of demographic characteristics on the mental health of brain cancer patients by revealing considerable psychosocial issues it experienced throughout the early phases of therapy.
Conclusion: The results demonstrate the significance of focused intervention strategies to deal with these problems and enhance patient outcomes, which are neutral such as anxiety level- 50%, depression level-40%, quality of life-45%, social support-50% and coping strategies – 55%. The research emphasizes the significant psychological difficulties that patients with brain tumors face during early stages of their therapy.
Microbial Trends and Antibiotic Susceptibility in ICU-Admitted Patients: A Hospital-Based Study Examining Prevalence Across Multiple Critical Therapies
Full text linkHealthcare practitioners can adjust treatment plans, choose efficient antimicrobial agents, enhance patient outcomes, reduce antibiotic-resistant strains and ultimately improve patient outcomes by keeping an observation on microbial trends and antibiotic susceptibility in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admitted patients. In the research, antibiotic susceptibility and microbial trends in ICU patients were investigated in hospital. The research is to examine antibiotic susceptibility and microbiological trends in ICU patients. It aims to understand how often such infections develop, and what happens next among a group of 312 high-risk patients in medical care. It also reveals the type of appropriate treatment plans that tells the levels of antibiotic resistance and identifies the most frequent microbial patterns. Research findings are expected to improve practical methodologies for operations of a clinical setting, to inform the lawmakers, and ensure that antibiotics remain useful in hard for more time. However, the research provides some insights into antibiotic susceptibility and microbiological profile in ICU. It can also be used as a framework for clinical processes that are to take place, decisions that are to be made in legislation, and reasons that can prompt further research to ensure long term effectiveness of antibiotics in the ICU is achieved
Impact of Emotional and Psychological Issues on Hematologic Cancer Patients Undergoing Stem-Cell Transplants
Full text linkHematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) morbidity has decreased in recent decades owing to improvement in post-transplant concern with transplantation therapy. However, psychological discomfort is common among HSCT patients, and it can have a detrimental effect on function, recovery, and health outcomes, including an increased risk of implant with host illness and mortality. Several improved health outcomes and increased treatment participation are the results of properly diagnosing and treating these psychological problems. The principle of the investigation is to observe the psychological and emotional challenges that recipients of stem-cell transplants who have hematologic malignancies face. It aims to assess how these issues affect patients\u27 overall quality of life (QoL), persistence in treatments, and recovery outcomes. For the examination, 70 people with Hematologic cancer of HSCT were considered, to analyze the emotional and psychological issues within the patients during their stay in the hospital. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was analyzed and the findings show that the research used methods such as the paired t-test, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test and Regression analysis. Anxiety levels decreased from 28.6% to 14.3% and depression levels from 21.4% to 14.3%, respectively, following SCT, based on the analysis
Adaptive leadership in health crises: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic for public health systems
Full text linkIntroduction: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the rigidity of traditional leadership models in healthcare systems, underscoring the need for adaptive approaches to manage health crises. These models, based on fixed protocols, proved insufficient in dynamic environments with increasing demands, sparking interest in exploring adaptive leadership as an alternative. Objective: To analyze the role of adaptive leadership in the resilience of healthcare systems during health crises. Methodology: A scoping review was conducted of literature published between 2020 and 2025 in Scopus, Web of Science, and PAHO-IRIS. Thirty studies addressing the practical application of adaptive leadership in health crises were selected, with an emphasis on low- and middle-income countries. Qualitative analysis focused on geographic context, type of crisis, leadership strategies, and key findings. Results: Adaptive leadership proved crucial for systemic resilience, with competencies such as cognitive flexibility, strategic empathy, and innovation. Hybrid patterns combining hierarchy and collaboration were identified as effective in uncertain environments. Resource-limited settings stood out for disruptive solutions and a stronger emphasis on emotional intelligence. However, gaps in training and a lack of standardized indicators to assess adaptive competencies persist. Conclusions: Adaptive leadership is essential for managing health crises, but its implementation requires flexible frameworks and training focused on emotional and collaborative skills. Integrating these approaches into public health curricula and developing metrics to evaluate their impact on institutional resilience is recommended
Exploring the Potential of Nanoparticles for Targeted Drug Delivery in Cancer Treatment
Full text linkNanoparticles (NPs) are a potential tool for tailored drug delivery in cancer treatment because they can make anti-cancer drugs more effective while reducing their damaging effects on the body as a whole. Cancer cells often have changed physical traits, like the increased permeability and retention (EPR) effect, which makes them perfect candidates for NP-based treatment. This abstract looks at how nanoparticles might be used to make cancer drug administration more precise and effective. It does this by focusing on different types of nanoparticles, how they work, and how they affect treatment results. When nanoparticles are used for specific drug delivery, chemotherapy agents like small molecules, proteins, or nucleic acids are placed inside them. This is called conjugation. It lets drugs be released slowly at the tumor site, where they are most needed. This increases the concentration of the drug at the target while lowering its effects on healthy cells. Different kinds of materials, like lipids, polymers, and artificial substances, can be used to make nanoparticles. Each type has its own benefits. Lipid-based nanoparticles, like liposomes, are biocompatible and can hold hydrophobic drugs. Polymeric nanoparticles, on the other hand, can be changed to release drugs in a specific way and stay in the bloodstream for longer. Inorganic nanoparticles, like gold and silicon nanoparticles, have special qualities, like a lot of surface area for drug loading and the possibility of being used for imaging. One of the best things about nanoparticle-based drug delivery is that it can make drugs more effective at killing cancer cells. Adding targeting ligands to nanoparticles, like antibodies, peptides, or small molecules, makes it possible to precisely target cancer cell surface markers. This makes treatment even more effective while protecting healthy tissues. NPs can also help give more than one healing agent at the same time, like cancer drugs and gene therapies. This makes combination therapies possible, which improve the general success of treatment
Characteristics of mortality with Chronic Kidney Disease in Cuba. Trend and forecast. 2011-2020
Full text linkMortality due to Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) has shown a significant increase globally and in Cuba over the past decade. This study analyzes the characteristics of mortality due to CKD in Cuba between 2011 and 2020, aiming to illustrate and determine the trend and prognosis. A longitudinal descriptive study was conducted, using data from 35,031 deaths registered by the Ministry of Public Health of Cuba. The variables analyzed include the year of death, age, sex, province of residence, and cause of death, using the International Classification of Diseases. Mortality rates were calculated and age-adjusted using standard statistical methods and the SPSS version 20.0 program.During the study period, mortality with CKD in Cuba increased from 2,764 cases in 2011 to 4,325 in 2020, an increase of 56.47%. Age-adjusted mortality rates showed a higher increase in men (39.83%) than in women (20.71%). The average age at death was 70.38 years. Potential years of life lost (PYLL) amounted to 263,090.5, with the most affected age groups being 50-59 years. The provinces with the highest age-adjusted mortality rates were Cienfuegos and Sancti Spíritus.Renal diseases represent a growing cause of mortality in Cuba, aligning with trends observed in the Americas region. The implementation of CKD prevention and control programs in primary health care is crucial to mitigate this tren
Knowledge and practices about breastfeeding in mothers who attend a Hospital
Full text linkThe World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life as essential. Objective: Knowledge and practices about breastfeeding in mothers who attend a Hospital.Methods: Cross-sectional observational descriptive study in mothers with children from 6 months to 24 months of age who attended the General Hospital of Luque in the months of July to September 2023, a questionnaire was applied to collect sociodemographic data, history related to the delivery, breastfeeding period, type of breastfeeding, knowledge, and practices about BF. Results: 178 mothers participated with children of 15 (± 6.5) months of age on average, 56% (n=100) were girls. Sufficient knowledge about breastfeeding was found in 89% (n=159) of the mothers. 34 mothers mentioned having abandoned breastfeeding. The most frequently mentioned reason for abandoning breastfeeding was returning to work. Conclusion: The level of sufficient knowledge about breastfeeding of the mothers was high, for the most part, 10%