Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología (Journal)
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Economic Feasibility of Residential Photovoltaic Systems in Manabí Province, Ecuador: Comparative Analysis of Capacities
Full text linkIntroduction: the energy transition toward renewable sources is a priority in Ecuador, where the electricity matrix depends 78 % on hydroelectricity, showing vulnerability to droughts. Manabí province, with 274.382 electrified homes and high solar radiation, presents favorable conditions for residential photovoltaic generation, but limited information exists about its economic feasibility.Objective: to evaluate the economic feasibility of 1, 3, and 5 kWp residential photovoltaic systems in eight coastal cantons of Manabí through modeling with PVLib Python and comparative economic analysis.Method: NASA POWER solar radiation data from 2015-2024 were used to model photovoltaic generation with PVLib Python. Three capacities were evaluated considering 270 Wp polycrystalline modules, inverter with 96 % efficiency, and total losses of 14 %. Economic analysis considered 30 % instantaneous self-consumption and grid injection valued at 0,091 USD/kWh, comparing annual savings and electricity bill reduction between cantons and capacities.Results: regional average solar radiation was 4,11 kWh/m²/day, with 7,1 % variation between northern and southern cantons. The 3 kWp systems generated on average 4.562 kWh/year, producing economic savings of 754 USD/year and 409 % bill reduction. Pedernales and Jama showed the highest potential with 783 and 776 USD/year respectively. The 1 kWp systems were insufficient (263 USD/year) while 5 kWp systems generated poorly optimized surplus (1.206 USD/year).Conclusions: the 3 kWp photovoltaic systems are economically feasible for homes with 150 kWh/month consumption in all coastal cantons of Manabí, with an estimated payback period of 5,3 years. Feasibility critically depends on the net metering scheme
Development of a utaut model in the gayatri application in improving employee performance in health service facilities of the Mojokerto city health, population control and family planning department
Full text linkIntroduction: implementation technology aims to optimize communication to increase benefits such as high productivity, employee welfare, and consumer satisfaction. Goal development theory reception technology is integrated with integrated construction-predictive key intent and uses subsequent behavior known as The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). The UTAUT model has been used to test reception technology in several sectors, such as maintenance health, e-government, mobile Internet, systems companies, mobile banking, and applications.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a quantitative study was conducted using survey methods and research data collection, whereas a design study used an analytic correlation. Ethical approval for this study was obtained from Strada University Indonesia.Results: The analysis results show that Performance Expectancy (PE) has a significant influence on Behavioral Intention (BI) and BI has a significant effect to Use Behavior (UB). In addition , UB had a significant influence on Employee Performance. Effort Expectancy (EE) has a significant effect on BI and no direct influence on UB and performance through two-stage mediation. Conclusion: The results show that performance expectancy influences employee performance through behavioral intention and use behavior; facilitating conditions have no influence on employee performance through behavioral intention and use behavior; social influence influences employee performance through behavioral intention and use behavior; facilitating conditions have no influence on employee performance through use behavior; use behavior has no influence on employee performance through use behavior; and use behavior has no influence on employee performance with age as a moderating variable
Circular economy in International Trade: impact on exports from emerging countries
Full text linkIntroduction: the circular economy has established itself as a strategic model for boosting sustainability and competitiveness in international trade. This approach is gaining relevance in emerging countries, where export diversification and resilience are crucial. The objective was to analyze the impact of the circular economy on the exports of ten countries in Latin America, Asia, and Africa, considering its capacity to generate advantages on the global stage.Methods: a quantitative-comparative approach was adopted, complemented by a trade network perspective. To measure circular dynamics, the Export Circularity Index (ICE) was designed and applied for the period 2015–2024. It was based on sectoral export data, with a special focus on reconditioned, recycled, and reusable products, and the identification of trade links between emerging countries and strategic partners.or unstructured, no longer than 250 words; written in the past tense and in the third person singular.Results: the findings show sustained growth in the proportion of circular products exported, with sectors such as refurbished electronics, recycled textiles, and reusable plastics taking center stage. Circular exports showed greater resilience to global crises, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis of trade networks revealed greater density in international linkages, although the risk of concentration in a few markets persists.Conclusions: the circular economy is emerging as a driver for strengthening the sustainability, competitiveness, and resilience of emerging economies in international trade. However, regulatory advances and structural limitations continue to hinder its consolidation as an export model
Errors and adverse events in subcutaneous administration in home palliative care in Uruguay: analysis in light of the Patient Safety Plan
Full text linkIntroduction: Patient safety is a critical component of palliative care, particularly in home-based subcutaneous administration. Objective: To analyze experiences of home palliative care teams in Uruguay regarding subcutaneous-related errors and adverse events in relation to the World Health Organization’s Global Patient Safety Action Plan (2021–2030). Method: Exploratory study based on an online survey administered to professionals involved in home subcutaneous medication administration (n = 118). Results: Structural gaps were identified in patient safety governance, limited knowledge of protocols, and low institutionalization of reporting mechanisms. Conclusions: Findings reveal weaknesses in risk management within home care, underscoring the need for training, process standardization, and strengthened institutional systems aligned with global patient safety recommendations
The Influence of Individual Characteristics, Workload and Work Climate on Performance Through Job Stress in Workers at Pt. Maruki International Indonesia
Full text linkIntroduction: Worker performance is influenced by individual characteristics, workload and work climate, with work stress often being a factor that reduces performance.Methods: This cross-sectional study of 148 production workers at PT Maruki International Indonesia (May–July 2025) examined the effects of age, gender, physical and mental workload, and work climate on performance, with work stress as a mediator. Data collected using performance questionnaires, NASA-TLX, heat stress monitors, pulse oximeters, and salivary α-amylase tests were analyzed through SPSS (univariate–bivariate) and AMOS path analysis to assess direct and mediating effects.Results: The results at the 95 % confidence level or CI =0.05 show that age has a significant effect (p=0.320>0.05), but a significant positive effect on performance (p=0.000 <0.05). Gender has a significant effect on job stress (p=0.038 <0.05) and performance (p=0.004 >0.05). Physical workload has no significant effect on work stress (p=0.810>0.05) and performance (p=0.330>0.05). Mental workload has a significant effect on work stress (p=0.000 <0.05) but not significant on performance (p=0.258 >0.05). Work climate has no significant effect on work stress (p=0.636>0.05) and performance (p=0.613>0.05). Job stress itself has a significant positive effect on performance (p=0.000 <0.05). Job stress mediates the relationship of age to performance (indirect effect=0.027), physical workload to performance (indirect effect=0.009), and work climate to performance (indirect effect=-0.018).Conclusions: worker performance is directly influenced by age, gender and job stress and indirectly by age, physical workload and work climate through job stress
Impact of Psycho-Educational Interventions on Caregivers in Mental Health Settings: A Quasi-experimental Study
Full text linkIntroduction: Mental health disorders pose significant challenges for patients, families, and healthcare providers. Caregivers often experience high stress and reduced quality of life.This quasi-experimental study evaluated the effectiveness of psycho-educational interventions for caregivers of individuals with mental health disorders in a psychiatric hospital.
Methods: The study assessed three interventions: Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), and Stress Inoculation Training (SIT), examining their effects on stress levels, emotional resilience, coping skills, and overall quality of life. A total of 150 caregivers participated, with pre- and post-intervention assessments conducted over six weeks.
Results: MBSR and CBT were highly effective, with 96 %–100 % of participants reporting improvements in stress management, emotional resilience, and problem-solving ability. SIT showed moderate effectiveness (67 %–70 %). Overall caregiver well-being improved, with 64,7 %–67,3 % feeling more emotionally balanced and optimistic. Correlation analyses indicated weak associations between interventions and caregiver well-being, suggesting that additional factors may influence outcomes.
Conclusions: Psycho-educational interventions, particularly MBSR and CBT, can effectively support caregivers of individuals with mental health disorders, enhancing resilience and coping abilities. These findings offer valuable insights for caregiver support strategies in mental health settings, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Further research is recommended to examine long-term outcomes and optimize intervention approaches or unstructured, no longer than 250 words; written in the past tense and in the third person singular
The effect of self-efficacy on the learning performance of state madrasah Aliyah teachers in West Sumatra
Full text linkBackground: Teacher learning performance is crucial for educational quality, yet many influencing factors remain underexplored, particularly in Islamic secondary school contexts. Objective: This study aimed to develop and test a structural model examining direct and indirect effects of collegial leadership, self-efficacy, and interpersonal communication on teacher learning performance through work motivation. Methods: This quantitative study employed path analysis with a sample of 233 civil servant teachers from State Islamic Senior High Schools (Madrasah Aliyah Negeri/MAN) in West Sumatra, Indonesia, selected through multistage stratified cluster random sampling. Data were collected using validated questionnaires and analyzed through path analysis.Results: The findings revealed that (1) collegial leadership had a direct effect on teacher learning performance of 2,37 %; (2) self-efficacy had a direct effect of 8,82 %; (3) interpersonal communication had a direct effect of 3,96 %; (4) work motivation had a direct effect of 5,38 %; (5) collegial leadership had a direct effect on work motivation of 1,25 %; (6) self-efficacy had a direct effect on work motivation of 2,99 %; (7) interpersonal communication had a direct effect on work motivation of 34,33 %; (8) collegial leadership had an indirect effect on teacher learning performance through work motivation of 0,4 %; (9) self-efficacy had an indirect effect through work motivation of 1,19 %; and (10) interpersonal communication had an indirect effect through work motivation of 2,7 %. The structural model explained 49 % of variance in teacher learning performance. Conclusion: Interpersonal communication emerged as the strongest predictor of work motivation, while self-efficacy showed the strongest direct effect on learning performance. The study provides a comprehensive structural model for improving teacher learning performance in Islamic educational settings
Digital Approaches to Planning Post-School Transition Program for School-Aged Individuals with Disabilities
Full text linkIntroduction: individuals with disabilities often face significant barriers in accessing employment after completing school, particularly in regions where structured transition services are limited. In Indonesia, including the city of Magelang, post-school transition programs remain underdeveloped. The aim of this research is to provide post school transition program for work age individuals with disabilities in the city of Magelang, Central Java
Method: this study employed a descriptive research design to map the population of work aged individuals with disabilities (19–50 years old) in Magelang District, Central Java. The dataset containing names and addresses was obtained from the District Office of Manpower. There were 256 work-aged individuals with disabilities. Based on the list, the researchers did home visits and interviewed them to get data on their types of disabilities, educational background, working experiences, training experiences, needs for training, and types of training needed. Data were analyzed descriptively
Results: There are 256 work aged individuals with disabilities in the city of Magelang, consisting of 110 mildly disabled, 97 moderately disabled and 49 severely disabled. Seventy eight of them had no education at all. Special attention should be paid to 78 individuals who do not work and want to work (there are 122 individuals who do not work, but do not want to work, might be due to the severely of their disabilities or there are others who support their lives)
Conclusions: Special efforts are needed to provide education to this group, especially those with mild or moderate disabilities, since basic education becomes compulsory in Indonesia. Recommendations are offered for individuals who did not work and wanted to work
Investigation of oxidation resistance of ascorbic acid in gamma-ray-induced solid samples
Full text linkIntroduction: This study investigated the effects of gamma irradiation on the antioxidant activity of solid-state ascorbic acid. The goal was to assess how different irradiation doses, ranging from 0 to 5 kGy, altered the molecule\u27s ability to scavenge free radicals.
Methods: The DPPH radical scavenging method was employed to determine the antioxidant capability of the irradiated samples. The researchers evaluated the reaction rate constant (K1) and the concentration required to achieve 50 % inhibition of the radicals (IC50). Furthermore, FT-IR spectroscopy was used to detect structural changes in the ascorbic acid molecule following irradiation.
Results: Antioxidant activity significantly increased at low irradiation doses (1–2 kGy) compared to the control (0 kGy, IC50 of 3,39 ± 5,73 µg/mL). The lowest IC50 values, indicating maximum activity, were observed at 1 kGy (2,67 ± 1,75 µg/mL) and 2 kGy (2,55 ±1,00 µg/mL). The reaction rate constant peaked at 1 kGy (13,78 M-1.s-1), confirming the enhanced radical scavenging capacity. However, activity decreased at higher doses (≥ 3kGy). FT-IR analysis indicated structural alterations, specifically in the hydroxyl (-OH) and carbonyl (C=O) groups, following the irradiation process.
Conclusions: The results demonstrated that appropriate levels of gamma irradiation can increase the antioxidant effectiveness of ascorbic acid. Conversely, excessive exposure leads to structural changes and a subsequent reduction in its effectiveness
AI-Powered Adaptive Quizzing: Enhancing Personalized Learning, Student Engagement, and Performance in Digital Classrooms
Full text linkIntroduction: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into educational technology has transformed assessment practices by enabling more personalized and adaptive learning experiences. This study examined the development and effectiveness of an AI-powered adaptive quizzing system designed to adjust question difficulty in real time based on student performance and to deliver immediate feedback.
Methods: The system employed learning analytics and machine learning algorithms to identify individual learning patterns and recommend targeted exercises aligned with students’ weaknesses. A mixed-methods design was implemented involving 200 high school students divided into an experimental group—using the AI-based adaptive quiz platform—and a control group relying on conventional assessments. Data were collected through pre- and post-tests, student surveys, and instructor interviews.
Results: Findings showed that students using the AI-powered system demonstrated significantly higher engagement, improved knowledge retention, and greater motivation compared to those completing static quizzes. The adaptive mechanism facilitated more efficient learning by aligning question difficulty with students’ proficiency levels while providing timely corrective feedback.
Conclusions:
This study concluded that AI-driven adaptive assessments offer substantial advantages over traditional assessment formats and hold strong potential for enhancing personalized learning in digital classrooms. The findings contribute to the field of educational technology by providing empirical evidence of the role of AI in strengthening formative assessment and differentiated instruction